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Memory Stimulators.
1952 - HIGHLIGHTS:

Movies:

African Queen; Atomic City; Red Planet Mars; High Noon; Scaramouche; The Crimson Pirate; The Turning Point; The Story of Will Rogers; Dreamboat; Breaking the Sound Barrier; Carrie; Viva Zapata; The Easy Way; Ivanhoe; Pat and Mike; Carbine Williams

Television: Ozzie and Harriet.

1952 - By this year,
The USA CIA Office of Policy Coordination (OPC) had a personnel of 2,812 direct employees plus an additional 3,142 "overseas contract personnel" - a catchall category that included both deep cover agents and flunkies - a budget of $82 million, and 47 stations. Created in 1948, the current total was up 20 times as great as that of 1949 when total personnel stood at 302 and the budget was $4.7 million for the year. Remember these total are in the dollars of the day having a value (purchasing power) perhaps 30 times that of 1996 dollars, and, NONE of it had to be accounted for to the public.

The Soviet Union KGB had a similar office, staff, and operatives.
The major difference was that the KGB and its earlier agencies had been in the business of internal and external spying for over 25 years; the CIA for less than 4 years.

1952 -
The USA Navy portion of the ZIP (High Energy Boron) "BLACK" program began and continued until cancelation in 1959.
It received funding of $123,000,000 to produce alien technology inspired energy beam weapons. The USAF enter into participation in 1956.

1952 - On January 25,
The Chief of the Medical Staff in the CIA submitted a memo supporting behaviour-control programs:

"There is ample evidence in the reports of innumerable interrogations that the Communists were utilizing drugs, physical duress, electric shock, and possibly hypnosis against their enemies. With such evidence it is difficult not to keep from being rabid about our apparent laxity. We are forced by this mounting evidence to assume a more aggressive role in the development of these techniques, but must be cautious to maintain strict inviolable control because of the havoc that could be wrought by such techniques in unscrupulous hands."

1952 - On January 29th,
A B-29 flying near Wonson, North Korea, at an altitude of 20,000 feet encountered what the tail gunner and fire-control man described as a 3-foot diameter orange disc-shaped object that seemed to fly with a revolving motion, approaching at a high rate of speed. As it closed, the fireball apparently slowed and then paced the aircraft for 5 minutes at 200 mph. The object had small blue-green flames around its rim and as it streaked away, a green glow drowned out the other colours. Sometime later that evening, another B-29 reported a similar incident.

1952 -
A USAF radar specialist at a Grand Falls, Montana U.S. Air Defense Command Installation was notified by Canadian radar installations in the Calgary, Alberta area, early in 1952, that 3 UFO's were heading south towards the United States at moderate speed. A USAF interceptor was scrambled from a base in eastern Washington state. The pilot was guided, at an altitude of 16,000 feet, towards the UFO's by radio and radar. He radioed that he saw 2 of the UFO's and then the jet and the UFO's disappeared. Nothing was ever found.

Following this incident, fighter plane pilots were ordered to keep a distance of at least 10 miles from any UFO's they pursued. They were also ordered to obtain as much film coverage as possible; the films remained classified. Information was sent to the Air Defense Command (ADC) - not Project Blue Book, further fuelling later allegations that Project Blue Book was simply a USAF public relations front set up to "debunk" and discredit the easily explained UFO sightings which were sent to it. The verified cases that could not be explained ended up at ADC.

1952 - On February 19th,
A letter to the U.S. Directorate of Intelligence regarding "Project Twinkle" stated

"The Scientific Advisory Board Secretariat has suggested that this project not be declassified for a variety of reasons. Chiefly, that no scientific explanation for any of the 'fireballs' and other phenomena was revealed by the report, and that some reputable scientists still believe that the observed phenomena are man-made."

1952 -
The CIA became concerned that public awareness of the threat of alien superior strength and control might lead to anarchy thereby leaving the U.S.A. open to a sneak attack during the confusion or an invasion by an enemy in amidst a wave of real or fabricated UFO sightings. They initiated actions to mislead the public and discredit those who reported experiences and sightings.

1952 - During the year,
Scientists at an American atomic laboratory experienced the appearance of images with murmuring voices near them.
Some of the scientists saw images in the air, somewhat blurred but definitely recognizable as human faces.
They moved irregularly, showing the faces from different angles, then became clearer and took on greater consistency, and finally they slowly faded away. During these apparitions, faint, murmuring voices were heard, as if a group of phantoms were conversing among themselves. A few words were comprehensible, including some scientific terms.

The origin of the conversations and images was identified as a meeting room not far from the laboratory, though still far enough away to preclude the possibility that the voices had been overheard normally, especially since the doors had been closed at the time. The images had apparently represented the faces of the men at the meeting. As the meetings had resulted in discussions of matters of national defense, the incident raised serious questions of security and the incident remained classified secret for years.

1952 -
The Pinetree early detection line, consisting of 22 radar stations located along the northern border of population concentrations, across Canada becomes activated as part of NORAD (North American Air Defense Command). Sightings of UFO's over these stations are reported by the public as time progresses. Military secrecy laws prevent personnel stationed at the posts from revealing anything they might see.

1952 -
North Bay Air Force Base, as one of NORAD's 5 control centres and the most important military installation in Canada, was the focus of UFO sightings on January 1 and April 12. RCAF Warrant Officer W. J. Yeo, a master telecommunications technician with 16 years service, and Sergeant D.V. Crandell, an instrument technician, on the evening of January 1, were out of doors when they spotted a luminous disk-shaped craft streaking across the sky. It was travelling at supersonic speeds at a very high altitude and was observed for longer than 9 minutes.

1952 - In March,
Intelligence Officer Captain Edward J. Ruppelt recommends that a new project under the name "Project Blue Book" be initiated to continue the research began with Project Grudge . Earlier reports not destroyed, from Projects Sign, and Grudge were moved to Blue Book from where they would gradually become public after 1977. Ruppelt, who quickly became convinced of UFO reality and often investigated cases on his own initiative and even at his own expense, continued with the project.

1952 - During the year,
Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, is approached by Joseph H. Retinger who proposes a secret conference to involve the NATO leaders in an open and frank discussion on international affairs behind closed doors. The meeting would allow each participant to speak his mind freely because no media representative would be permitted inside. Nor would there be any news bulletin about the meeting or the topics discussed. Furthermore, if any leaks occurred, the journalists involved would be discouraged from writing about it.

Prince Bernhard, who held a major position in Royal Dutch Petroleum (later, Shell Oil) as well as Societe Generale de Belgique - powerful global corporations, fully supported Retinger's proposal. Together they formed a committee to organise a plan.

1952 - In March,
Anthony Eden, British Foreign Secretary, issued a memorandum to the "Council of Europe" setting out Britain's change of policy from inclusion in a European unity to one of exclusion:

"The movement for unity in Europe ... is now flowing along two main streams: the Atlantic Community, a wide association of States which, without formal surrender of sovereignty, is achieving unity of purpose and action through the machinery of the North Atlantic Organization, and the European Community, a smaller group of States which is moving towards political federation by the progressive establishment of organizations exercising supranational powers in limited fields."

1952 - On March 29,
A weird, Brilliant Light with a Revolving, Disc-Shaped Nucleus was seen over northern Japan.

1952 - During April,
F.C. Bishopp, assistant chief of the Agricultural Research Administration's Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, began releasing information to the press regarding the conclusions drawn by Rockwell and others regarding the work of UKACO, Inc. He inferred that tests had been conducted under unscientific conditions and that adverse reports on the process had reached his department. In a second letter to the York Dispatch , he stated:

"From our limited knowledge of the use of radiation in control of insects we frankly feel that the claims of this company are exaggerated. The question naturally arises as to why the company should proceed with large-scale tests without having competent authorities evaluate the method. We are anxious that unsound methods not be permitted to divert the farmer's attention, at this critical time, from recognized sound insect control practices."

Bishopp's aim was evidently to use his authoritative position to prejudice and condemn a process of which he admitted he had no firsthand knowledge. Even when USDA researchers were sent out to several selected fields to check the results and found dramatic evidence, Bishopp threw out the results and refused to acknowledge them publicly because the studies did not meet a laboratory criteria which was unrealistic in the field settings. Later, representatives of insecticide companies and USDA employees teamed up in some regions to go out to farmers using the UKACO process to tell them it was an outright fraud. So effective was the government and industry slander campaign and the easy manipulation of the media, together with the lobbying of the rich chemical companies in Washington, that UKACO found it difficult to get new clients.

This is another in the long list of examples in human culture in which status quo (in power) authorities, whether by certificate of achievement of rote study of theory or from past effective experience, motivated by fear or pride, seek to discredit or ridicule any new concept which may diminish their own stability of authority. Bishopp is so uninformed about what he is judging that he makes the mundane error of the time of mistaking the radionics "radiation" with nuclear radiation: the two bear little more resemblance than a comparison of sound wave radiation to light wave radiation!

The media, where allowed to be immature and easily rush to the sensationalism of innuendo, slander, and conflict, mask the truth within disinformation, unresearched and unconfirmed. This encourages the defeat of truth, justice, responsibility and acceptance of radical yet beneficial and effective solutions to widespread problems and hardship. In the end, as the GRAYs are confident of, and the REDs are mournful of, humanity - not God - is responsible for all the disease, conflict, injustice, and poverty which any individual human must face.

1952 - Before April 21,
A Brigadier General of the USAF, stationed in Dahran, Saudi Arabia, sighted a UFO which he reported in writing to his close associates in the USAF Intelligence Division:

With a cloudless sky and no moon present, the officer noticed, while reclining alone on his patio, what at first appeared to be a shooting star. He next noticed that it was not falling towards the ground but was travelling horizontal to it along a constant course and at a constant altitude. It was approaching him too fast to be any known aircraft and made no sound. To dispel the possibility of it being an illusion, the officer looked away momentarily and then returned his glance, immediately picking it up again. He continued to watch the phenomenon until it disappeared from sight, a total elapsed time of 5 or 6 seconds. His educated guess of the speed was between 1000 and 1200 mph.

At first the object had appeared as a dull glow without sharply defined dimensions.
As the object approached, it broke into 2 parts on the same altitude without wavering or fluctuations relative to the other part. Admittedly, this gave the officer the suggestion that the lights might represent the extreme sides or tips of an unseen object. The relative position of the 2 glows changed as the angle of sight changed and as it progressed into the distance the stern view showed the 2 glows distinctly separated again. The altitude of the flight, the officer estimated as somewhere between 10,000 and 20,000 feet. The officer was thoroughly familiar with aircraft, weather balloons and other aeronautical objects and was positive that what he had seen was none of these.

1952 -
North Bay Air Force Base, as one of NORAD's 5 control centres and the most important military installation in Canada, was the focus of UFO sightings on January 1 and April 12. RCAF Warrant Officer E. H. Rossell, an aircraft maintenance superintendent with 13 years service, and Flight Sergeant Reginald McRae, on the evening of April 12, were driving from the married quarters in the evening when they saw a disk approach the airfield, move across it, stop, take off in the reverse direction, climbing at an angle of 30 degrees at terrific speed and disappear. Following the sighting, authorities including Dr. O. Solandt, chairman of the Defence Research Board, Dr. Peter Millman, astrophysicist, and Dr. C.J. Mackenzie, chairman of the Atomic Energy Control Board (AECB) and former president of the National Research Council, made statements in support of further investigations with the Defence Research Board voluntarily disclosing that it had actively probed similar UFO occurrences since June 1947.

1952 -
Wing Commander A.D. Haylett, officer commanding No. 420 City of London Rescue Squadron, was of the opinion that a detected UFO had been travelling at a speed of about 2,000 mph when he stated "I'm pretty firm in the opinion that it couldn't have been an aircraft. Not at that speed. I've never been a believer in flying saucers but I'm pretty sure now there's something going on around this planet that we should be paying lots of attention to." The sighting of a dark cylindrical object over Toronto, and minutes later over London, Ontario, travelling at a high altitude and a futile quarry for the 450 mph Mustang fighter pilots dispatched, prompted a hopeless coverup story by the RCAF.

1952 -
"Project Second Storey" (PSS), interdepartmental committee to outline strategies to cope with the UFO's was convened on April 22. It acted as the coordinating and advisory body for all government departments in any way involved in UFO investigations. The committee made no progress in the first 11 months beyond the circulation of a comprehensive questionnaire and started to phase out its activities by March 9, 1953. It continued in name until 1957. Its adoption of a policy of secrecy led to the belief that the project was ultimately instrumental in covering up covert UFO research between 1954 and 1966.

1952 - On April 25,
Near San Jose, California, near Mt. Hamilton, two scientists - Dr. W. (biochemist, name withheld by request) and Dr. Y. (bacteriologist, name withheld by request) observed a UFO sighting later reported to USA government investigators:

Description of hovering disk: at about 50 feet it appeared to be 4 to 5 ft. in diam.
The wobble of the disk allowed them to estimate its thickness to be approx. 1.5 ft.
No sound or means of propulsion observed. Later they observed a higher flying silvery disc approx. 100 ft. in diam. Next more UFOs appeared and bobbed around like boats in a stream. The objects disappeared around 11:15 A.M. The two scientists decided not to report the incident to Moffett Field for fear of ridicule.

It is noteworthy that within the scientific and professional community, an image of disrespect had already become evident in the USA for reporters of UFO phenomenon. It is also evident that members of the community fear the potential for loss of credibility, and possibly occupation, through the intolerance of their fraternity and its employers based on the reporting of the truth regarding UFOs. Finally, it is demonstrated here that for purposes of retention of the prestige and benefits of participation in an authority-based economic and political community, members would be willing to actively conceal the truth from the majority.

1952 - On April 29,
A weird, brilliant Light with a Revolving, Disc-Shaped Nucleus was seen over Singapore.

1952 - Dated May 10,
A Restricted USA USAF Intelligence Report signed by Colonel William L. Travis, Chief USAF Intelligence Div. stated:

"at 2030 hours in the city of Paphos, S.W. Cyrus, a group of persons including a noted British scientist, sighted a UFO which appeared to rise sharply from the level of the sea and disappeared into the sky. It was circular in shape and emitted a luminous light. It appeared to waver back and forth before fading out of sight directly overhead."

1952 - In May,
"Project MK-Naomi" was set up by the CIA's Technical Services Staff cooperating with the Army Chemical Corps Special Operations Division at Fort Detrick in the production of biological chemical weapons and substances for the agency's operational use. MKDelta, a special procedure for governing the use of MKUltra materials abroad, also began during the year. Eventually there would be 149 MKUltra subprojects and 33 additional subprojects. The doctors and biologists in the Technical Services Staff working on such projects were ambitious to press the frontiers of their disciplines even further, to the point of "executive action" capability - the agency's inhouse euphemism for assassination. Like many who chose science as a career at the time they were expert at intellectualization, denial and sought to use achievement to bolster their self-esteem, pride, and power.

Over its 11 year existence MK-Ultra contracted out work to 80 institutions including 44 colleges or universities, 15 research facilities or private companies, 12 hospitals or clinics, and 3 penal institutions. Cost to taxpayers was approximately (1955) $10 million at a time when a residential detached house could be bought for $8,000 to $12,000 . The subprojects dealt with ways to maximize stress on whole societies - destabilization plans to destroy the internal integrity for large countries.

1952 -
May saw a rise in Project Blue Book sightings from 10 in December of 1951 to 79 in May.
June produced 149 reported sightings and the 2 months following added 700 more.
This was now the greatest wave of sightings ever to be experienced in the U.S.A..
Consider that researchers estimate that, at most, one in ten sightings is reported.

1952 - During June,
Gordon Dean, the second chairman of the AEC, tells Robert Oppenheimer that he thinks a change in the composition of the General Advisory Committee would be beneficial. Oppenheimer offers Dean his resignation from the chairmanship of the AEC, which was accepted, and Dean, as a matter of course, ordered that all papers having to do with AEC affairs be returned to Washington from Oppenheimer's safe in the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton where Oppenheimer was director. He was kept on as a consultant until Lewis Strauss became the third chairman of the AEC, in July 1953.

In the interim, Lewis Strauss would become an important background figure in the future business involvement with military high-tech research and development. Strauss had the background and connections (investment banker, military officer, government adviser in the areas of scientific research administration) to focus the direction of the Rockefeller fortunes and connections towards rebuilding the family power base. Strauss had served as secretary to Herbert Hoover during WWI and, while in France, had met Mortimer Schiff, scion of the Kuhn, Loeb banking dynasty who invited him to join the firm in New York.

By 1928, Strauss had become a full partner in the investment bank.
He had gone on to serve on the finance committee of the "Du Pont's U.S.Rubber Company" (later "Uniroyal"), helped George Eastman patent and market the "Kodachrome" process, and backed the early inventions of Dr. Edward Lamb, the inventor of the "Polaroid camera". An officer in the naval reserve, he went into duty after Pearl Harbour in WWII. With encouragement from fellow Wall Streeter James Forrestal, he rose quickly in the ranks to rear admiral two months after Hiroshima. In 1944, he convinced Forrestal to ask the U.S.A. Congress for postwar military appropriations while emotions were still backed by fear, anger and insecurity.

In 1945, he managed to get a Naval Technical Mission sent into Germany to scout for scientists even before the war finished. In 1947, he was appointed to the first AEC ( Atomic Energy Commission ) where he remained until 1950. During that time, he was the major force behind President Truman's decision to proceed with the development of the hydrogen bomb, in 1948. Laurence Rockefeller hired Strauss in 1950 to oversee his business endeavours which he hoped would re-establish the former levels of capital power which had been declining and were threatening to make the Rockefeller's a "second-rate family".

Strauss was an excellent advisor for Laurence Rockefeller who had demonstrated his sense of adventure, technical and government awareness, and his high degree of entrepreneurial tenacity. With money, name, contacts, desire, and time, During WWII, Laurence oversaw patrol plane assembly lines on the west coast for the Bureau of Aeronautics. He was transferred to the fighter desk shortly before Hiroshima. Laurence had seen firsthand how investment opportunities could exist in the service of "national interest". During June, 1952, the report of the Truman appointed "Presidential Commission on Materials Policy" was published. It detailed the location of strategic resources (those needed for military means) noting that such materials made up 75% of all U.S.A. imports and that underdeveloped countries were blessed with "rich and relatively undeveloped natural resources often far in excess of their prospective needs."

By adding a national security component to the field of conservation (as opposed to hoarding) the control of raw materials sources was now a necessary preparation for Armageddon. This would become the basis for NSA and CIA operations in many American and African countries in the years ahead. Laurence's activities would become very much intertwined and supporting of the covert high technology industry. Laurence had seen airplanes and weapons on the drawing boards capable of revolutionizing not only warfare but the economy and possibly society itself.

The GRAYS had contacted Oppenheimer and provided him with the scientific enthusiasm of "knowing" that the atomic bomb and the hydrogen bomb could be built. After Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Oppenheimer felt guilt and remorse for the influence of the monster he had promoted the creation of. Added to that, he had unwittingly shared some of that development, as a scientist, with an ally, the U.S.S.R. only later to find that the ally had become the greatest enemy of the U.S.A. (or the reverse). Now with more guilt, and shame, he was co-opted into promoting the development of the hydrogen bomb. Again, idealistically, he misjudged the situation by assuming that the Roswell, 1947 "alien" technology would be reverse engineered for the benefit of the U.S.A. and mankind and save him from the horror of hydrogen bomb use.

He had seen the mind shocking examples of GRAY technology.
His hesitation would later look like treason. He introduced Lewis Strauss to the GRAYS and their technology in 1950; Strauss was older and wiser and a pragmatist. He was fascinated by the possibilities of the technology but also knew that a military solution was required soon, and, correctly judged that unless the GRAYS agreed to join forces with the U.S.A., it was only a dream that we could understand their technology or replicate it. Strauss told Truman to get on with it (the hydrogen bomb). Strauss then introduced Laurence Rockefeller to the GRAYS, such that like Oppenheimer much earlier, he saw what could be done, and with the counsel of Strauss would take a long-term development perspective: at least a decade of commercial business profits to support re-engineered or alien assisted technological development. Oppenheimer, Strauss, and Laurence would encourage a meeting with Eisenhower.

On the part of the GRAYS, they were undecided at this point whether to wait at a distance until humanity destroyed itself and then move onto the planet, or to try working with a political entity for joint control of the Earth. The latter seemed unworkable, at this point: the majority of organized humans were intolerant enough not to work with others cultures of their own species and had a first reaction of fear followed by aggression to the presence of the GRAYS. Typical response from humans had been to launch interceptors to shoot them down with missiles, hardly a peaceful invitation to much more technically advanced people. It seemed comparable to the GRAYS to humans trying to establish intellectual contact with a colony of ants. Every time you tried, all the ants were interested in was stinging you and either driving you away or killing you and taking you apart! Making a pact with members of a species who could not trust each other and whom you couldn't trust wasn't intelligent. Options would remain open, they weren't going away.

Laurence Rockefeller, like his brother Nelson Rockefeller and Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg (General Hoyt Vandenberg was his nephew and a member of MJ-12), understood that in aggressive international politics, the government could not wait for research and development to occur spontaneously. Government would have to underwrite the costs and support the wartime mobilization on an ongoing basis into the postwar world. "New horizons" products ranging from optics to computer science would be the lucrative and exciting area for profits. Areas of technological advance in the postwar period would mean new centres of power with which the Rockefellers had to connect or they would never regain the financial power which had been slipping away from them. The war never ended for those who were "informed" and politically astute; the war simply took on a face of deception and distrust in which the only sure means to peace was ultimate power, in the hands of a self-perceived benevolent dictator. By the time Strauss joined forces with Laurence Rockefeller, the latter had already set a base from which to expand.

With the "McDonnell Corporation" as one entry point into large military high tech government projects, Laurence Rockefeller acquired a second when he and friends, C. Douglas Dillon and A. Felix Du Pont purchased 51% of Piasecki Helicopter . The Navy had approached Laurence to see if he could save Piasecki which had built 20 small craft from 1943 to the end of the war. By the time the Korean War had begun, Piasecki was back on firm footing making arctic rescue helicopters. During the war, the U.S. Army saw the advantages of using helicopters as troop transports and Piasecki took off. Investments to other young corporations with high tech promise followed: Reaction Motors (liquid fuel rocketry); Marquardt Aircraft (ramjets); Wallace Aviation (jet engine blades); Flight Refueling ; Airborne Instruments Laboratory ; Aircraft Radio (electronics). After Strauss came on board, a young company called Nuclear Development Associates (commercial nuclear reactors), and Itek were acquired. Commercial projects in the Belgian Congo multiplied: a cotton textile mill (shared with associate C. Douglas Dillon; Cegeac (an auto distributor); Cobega (a metal can company); Anacongo (a pineapple processor), and "Cico" (a cement firm).

In 1939, Laurence had set up the McDonnell Company with J.S. McDonnell.
Carrying a staff of 15 when WWII broke out, the company had more than 5,000 workers when the fighting ended and had established itself as a centre of research into jet propulsion. In 1943, the company got a contract to build the first carrier-based jet fighter, the FH-1 Phantom: it completed its test flight by January, 1946. Even before it was deployed, McDonnell was building the Banshee, the Navy's workhorse jet during the Korean war. By the time that line was finished, McDonnell had secured a contract for the first Navy fighter to use missiles in place of guns: the Demon.

In 1952, Strauss was key in lining up the scientific establishment to support him in his getting the Chase Bank to begin investing in the future field of atomic energy and reactors. Chase had an overarching presence in the economic life of the world. Directors from Standard and Gulf Oil, International Nickel and International Paper, American Sugar and United Fruit, Time Inc., AT&T, and many more shared the boardroom: more contacts. Chase would be the venture capital banker for many of the Rockefeller real estate and high tech developments. Strauss assisted David Rockefeller, Laurence's elder brother, which in turn contributed to the earnings of Rockefeller Brothers, Inc., which Laurence had a share in.

David was redeveloping a new downtown area in New York City which would include a World Trade Centre, twin 110-storey skyscrapers, and would occupy some of the richest low-income real estate in the world. David was forming the Downtown Lower Manhattan Association (DLMA) which brought together the big financial institutions of the area to plan and finance the development. The proposal called for $1 billion (1952 $s) in public and private monies to be spent on housing projects, office buildings, and parks. It would be built on land occupied by small businesses and some low-income housing. The key was having the development undertaken by the Port of New York Authority, which operated as a private corporation with the power to condemn land and to borrow money at tax-exempt rates of interest. Initial funding was obtained largely from the Chase and First National City Banks; the assistance of Strauss could be seen. Strauss knew members of MJ-12 and was trusted and admired by Eisenhower who would personally call him back to the AEC, to be the chairman, in 1953.

Beginning with the U2 Project (1954), "Itek" would become overnight the premier developer of aerial reconnaissance and surveillance technology. Itek had originally been conceived of for an entirely different purpose, a library information retrieval card. At about the same time as Laurence Rockefeller bought into the company, Dr. Duncan MacDonald, the vice president dropped by the CIA headquarters in Langley Field, Virginia State, to pick up a fishing pole he had left there. He was a member of the air force Science Advisory Board and an expert on optics and surveillance technologies, so he was a frequent visitor. While there he found out that the government-created and funded Physics Research Laboratory at Boston University had been given 30 days notice of termination of contract. He rushed back to Massachusetts to encourage Laurence and other colleagues to purchase the lab on the expectation that the government would want the benefit of the lab soon, as intelligence reports indicated that the U.S.S.R. missile and rocket program were ahead of the U.S.A. They did acquire it and in 6 months, Itek had a 3 to 4 million dollar backlog of government contracts. Itek provided the cameras for the U2 planes and later spy satellites. Within a decade, it had annual sales over $100 million dollars (1962 $s).

1952 - Dated June 4,
A Restricted USA USAF Intelligence Report stated that while Operation Intercept was in effect, 2 North American Sabre fighters were vectored onto a target UFO. The pilots had a broad daylight view of the UFO and fired tracer bullets at it before it accelerated out of range. The officer who fired the bullets was debriefed by his Colonel (name withheld) and the base Commander told Captain Ruppelt to destroy the report (according to Ruppelt himself).

1952 - In June,
Additional USA military assistance to Vietnam amounting to $150 million was approved by the Eisenhower administration.
Eisenhower had largely adopted the judgements and attitudes built around the Indochina situation by the Truman administration. Eisenhower was not in favour of expanding the war and had campaigned for office on the policy of reducing American forces in Indochina. Maintaining influence while reducing presence could only be seen to be accomplished by increasing material aid and intelligence service involvement.

The war was now an American war.
The Americans had bought into it through their increasing fear of Communism, distrust of China and the Soviet Union, and their moral sellout to the French. The French, tired of suffering defeat, were weakening and threatening to withdraw. The American administration were now becoming compulsive about winning. Korea had not been a positive experience and the pride of believing that they had won WWII, shamed the American administration into continued involvement so as not to reveal their intolerance, ignorance and immorality of position to the citizens who paid the bills. An authoritarian government always seeks to conceal its weaknesses and mistakes from those which are dependent upon it.

The USA National Security Council now agreed that if China intervened directly in the war, the United States would have to send naval and air units to defend Indochina and would have to consider the possibility of naval and air operations against China itself. NSC 124/2 advised that the United States should use its "influence" to "promote positive political, military, economic, and social policies ...."

The United States was now carrying 40% of the cost of the anti-Vietminh war.
Chinese aid to the Vietminh had increased from 400 tons per month to more than 3,000, and as many as 4,000 Chinese "volunteers" assisted the Vietminh in various ways. The war expanded into Laos and Thailand where China and the Vietminh backed rebels fighting against USA and France supported governments. The once guerrilla group had now matured into an army of divisional groups with artillery and technical expertise.

1952 - On July 1,
The U.S. intelligence departments of OSO and OPC were merged.
The staff in the Office of Policy Co-ordination (OPC) were largely chosen from the social group of Frank Wisner and tended to be independently wealthy, Ivy League - educated lawyers and bankers. They tended to be less professional and less secure than OSO staff and placed a great deal more emphasis on covert action. Office of Special Operations (OSO) personnel tended to be more career oriented with a greater emphasis on professionalism, very tight security, and the maintenance of espionage and counter-espionage. For years, conflict had existed between the groups in terms of approach to their work and attitude towards each other with a duplication of work in some areas resulting. Both were subagencies within the CIA. OPC had been set up in 1948.

1952 - On July 2nd,
Navy Warrant Officer Delbert C. Newhouse, a trained Navy photographer with a 16mm movie camera in the trunk of his car, was driving across Utah, near Tremonton, with his wife. His wife pointed out a group of bright objects, which he had difficulty seeing until he stopped the car. He got the camera and focused on one of the objects which left formation without moving the camera. He let the object cross the field of view several times. When they had first seen the objects, the objects were closer to the car, were large, disc-shaped, and brightly lighted. Newhouse continued on to his new base and submitted a copy of the film to the USAF. Months later, they had no answer.

The Navy then examined it for a further 1000 manhours to conclude the following:
The objects were internally lighted spheres travelling at a velocity of 3,780 miles per hour if they had been at a distance of 5 miles. At just under a mile, the speed would have been 472 miles per hour. They were classified as intelligently controlled vehicles. The Air Force were sure the objects were neither birds, planes or balloons.

"The Robertson Panel", in January, 1953, nitpicked about incidental details, and eventually decided it showed seagulls! Later, Donald H. Menzel would claim that it definitely showed birds.

In 1955, Dr. R.M.L. Baker did another study, agreed with the Air Force findings and discounted the possibility of bits of airborne debris or radar chaff because they didn't twinkle. He went further to disqualify the possibility of ballooning spiders because there was no evidence of silk tails. He said the conclusion of birds was rather unsatisfactory. He also criticized the Robertson Panel findings in that if a panning error was present, the speed of the objects would actually have been faster than the Navy estimated: over 3,780 mph.

The Condon Committee, in 1969, again concluded birds.
How many birds do you know that can fly that fast?
As late as 1996, a disinformation video would discount this by then classic film of UFO evidence as having been found to show "sea gulls that inhabited the Salt Lake area."

1952 - On July 16, Early in the morning,
A coastguard dutyman, R. Alpert, took a photograph of 4 bright fast moving objects, from the control tower at Salem Air Base in Massachusetts, U.S.A.

1952 -
Flying saucers were seen on radar over Washington D.C.'s National Airport from April onward through the rest of the year with them becoming quite noticeable by July. Initially, as radar sightings, the public were unaware of them. In July, the Democrats were holding their convention to nominate a candidate for President, while the U.N./U.S.A fought the Korean War and the Olympic Games were on.

On July 19 , the first public sightings and stories began involving multiple witness reports from Washington National, Andrews AFB, Bolling AFB, and other locals. Some had been flying in formations while others were alone. Initially, the 7 blips moved slowly across the radar screen at 100 to 130 mph., 15 miles south and not far from Andrews AFB. Suddenly, two of the objects accelerated to tremendous speed and almost instantaneously flew beyond the range of the radar, a distance of 100 miles. Ed Nugent, a controller on duty, presumed them to be military traffic until they accelerated and vanished off his scope. Nugent called over his senior controller, Harry Barnes. Additional bases were called to observe and report, the same targets now performed more burst of speed and moved into every quadrant of the radar screens while flying in prohibited airways over the White House and the Capital. The UFOs were monitored by Harry Barnes , Senior Controller, and controllers Howard Cocklin and Joe Zacko . One of the targets was clocked at 7,000 mph. No intercepts were attempted ?

It was noted that UFOs "Show Superiority" before stopping abruptly and then cruising about in unconventional patterns. They had also flown directly over the White House, restricted air space. When Barnes tried to get the USAF to send interceptors, confusion seemed to reign.

Captain Casey Pierman on Capital Airlines Flight 807 said that he was between Washington and Martinsburg, West Virginia, in late morning, when he saw 7 objects flash across the sky. Airport radar had picked up the objects and asked Pierman to keep an eye on them. Pierman reported that the objects were travelling at tremendous speed and that they would rapidly move up and down and accelerate from motionless to high speed suddenly. Meanwhile, the most powerful installation, Washington National radioed Andrews Air Force Base to tell the operators that one target appeared to be hovering directly above them. When the operators rushed out and looked up they saw "a huge fiery-orange sphere." And then all of the objects disappeared.

Captain Ruppelt, of Project Blue Book, received no cooperation when he arrived, and was indeed rushed away back to Wright Patterson.

On July 26th, a wide arc of objects was seen formed around the city of Washington.
The Air Force scrambled several 600 mph F-94 interceptors over Washington National without success of any of them approaching the objects. When the interceptors appeared, the objects vanished. As soon as the jets departed, the objects reappeared. In the interim, Langley Air Force Base in Virginia had received calls of bright lights in the sky "rotating and giving off alternating colours." The USAF scrambled another F-94 from Langley and the pilot made visual with one of the objects, but as he closed on it, it suddenly disappeared, "like somebody turning off a light bulb." The radar operator made contact 3 more times, but each time the contact was broken as the strange object apparently accelerated out of range within seconds.

A few minutes after the object broke radar contact for the last time, the green blips appeared again en masse on the radar screens at Washington National Airport. The USAF scrambled 2 more jets and this time the targets remained stationary, so the radar controllers could monitor both their movements and those of the jets as they came on the screen. But when the pilots themselves closed in for visual contact, the objects sped away. Finally, one of the pilots saw a light hovering in exactly the position radioed in by one of the radar controllers. He flew closer and the light remained motionless. Then he cut in the after-burner and rapidly closed, but moments before he would have overtaken the light, the light suddenly blinked off, and the pilot found himself travelling at Mach 1 into a blank sky.

Captain Ruppelt told Major Dewey Fournet, a radar specialist with Project Holcombe, to get over to the airport in Washington, ASAP. Fournet arrived with Al Chop , Air Force Press Secretary, just in time to hear ground-to-air conversations between the pilots of the F-94 interceptors and the controllers and to see the UFO blips on the radar screens.

The USAF were mystified by the large number of reports (over 100 each month).
During this period as many as 1501 cases were logged by Project Blue Book.

Two days after the last above sighting, the USAF held a press conference at the Pentagon at which General John A. Samford, director of intelligence stated: ...

Birds could give off good (radar) returns.
Radar could even bounce off invisible temperature inversions, hit a ground target, and show up as a blip on the screen." Because the objects were able to change direction and speed instantaneously, the General did not believe the objects were "material".

Near July 29th, Drew Pearson wrote that the Air Force was becoming "less sceptical" about flying saucers. Secondly, they admitted that "flying saucers could be craft from another planet because we could now reach the moon if we wanted to spend the money necessary for the research". Pearson also indicated that a number of scientific watch stations were being set up in the southwest U.S.A. At the same time, the USAF announced a plan to photograph the flying saucers. Special cameras were going to be given to members of the Ground Observer's Corps. No one knows if the plan ever went into effect or if any photos were taken.

On the evening of July 29, the UFO's returned to Washington.
Radar picked up dozens of UFOs, as many as twelve at a time.
Because there were no visual sightings, the CAA (forerunner of the FAA) did not make a report to the Air Force. They did watch the UFOs for about 4 hours in the early morning hours. This was the third set of sightings in 2 weeks at the airport; the first 2 had been on consecutive Saturday nights and had included visual confirmations and a few attempted intercepts. Later, on the 29th, General John A Samford publicly announced that there had been nothing hostile about the saucers so there was no need to worry. In addition, "no pattern has ever been found that reveals anything remotely like a purpose". He also used the possibility of a temperature inversion as an explanation for many of the radar sightings.

At the same time a story appeared in the Cleveland Press in which Lieutenant George Kinman of Birmingham, Alabama, said that on a flight near Augusta, Georgia, in 1951, he had been attacked by a saucer.

On July 31, radar crews at Washington National Airport refuted the Air Force claims and declared that they had recorded "unknown objects" twisting in a weird pattern, and not light reflections. Weather bureau officials said an inversion had existed over Washington but that it would have appeared as a straight line on the radar and not a series of blips.

The Coast Guard then reported that it was going to let the Air Force inspect the picture of 5 "egg-shaped" objects flying in formation taken by a seaman in Salem, Massachusetts, on July 16 at 9:35 A.M. In August, at least 150 reports were made. Few sightings continued after the end of the year.

1952 - On July 23,
Albert Einstein, in a letter to Mr. Louis A. Gardner, wrote regarding UFO witnesses:

"those people have seen something.
What they saw I do not know and I am not curious to know."

1952 - On July 25,
Carlo Rossi, was walking alongside the River Serchio, opposite San Pietro A Vico, in Lucca, northern Italy, at 3 a.m., when he saw an unusual light from the river nearby. Climbing an embankment, he gained a clear view of a huge circular craft with a transparent cupola on top, a shallow turret underneath from which 3 legs extended downward into the water to support the craft above the water, a ladder, and a long tube by which water was apparently being taken aboard. Suddenly, a port opened in the upper part of the turret and a humanoid figure looked out. The figure pointed at the fisherman, who scrambled down the embankment, throwing himself down in time for a green ray to pass over his head. Seconds later, the craft rose and flew off at high speed towards Viareggio. Rossi began to fear for his life and a few weeks later a strange man approached him and offered him a "bad" cigarette. Later, Rossi died when he and his bicycle were struck in a hit-and-run incident. Coincidence and fear, or intent to quiet ?

1952 - On July 26,
A series of blips again appeared over Washington, D.C..
Ruppelt was informed of it by a reporter. He phoned Major Dewey Fournet, an engineer and consultant to Project Blue Book, because he lived in Washington. He told Fournet to get over to the airport as fast as possible with anyone else he considered useful. Fournet, a radar specialist, and Al Chop, the Air Force press officer, arrived in time to see the blips and hear the ground-to-air communications with two Republic F-94 Thunderjet/Streak interceptors. The press was ordered out of the tower: information would be provided afterward when the authorities had scrutinized it.

Over several hours, there were visual sightings, many radar trackings, jets closing in on lights, only for this and the radar blip to vanish when the aircraft got near, and reappear after the jets flew past. 48 hours later, the USAF conceded that they didn't know positively what the objects were but offered that they were caused by weather temperature inversions, mirages, mistaken stars and meteors. It was one of the biggest post-WWII press conferences. The dissenters remained quiet and the press bought the comforting suggested explanations. While many of the ground sightings may have been due to errors and suggestibility, the radar blips could not be explained away by weather interference. Within 3 years, Ruppelt would leave the USAF to write a serious book admitting UFO reality and speculating that he was just a 'front man'.

Fournet quit the USAF to join a leading civilian UFO group, and Al Chop resigned his USAF position to work as an adviser on a Hollywood documentary about UFO sightings. A CIA memo from acting Chief of Weapons and Equipment Division, dated August 1, two days after the press conference, and only released decades later stated It is strongly urged, however, that no indication of CIA interest or concern reach the press or public.

1952 - On July 28,
British Prime Minister Winston S. Churchill sent a Personal Memo to his Secretary of Air Minister stating:

"What does all this stuff about Flying Saucers amount to?
What can it mean? What is the truth?
Let me have a report at your convenience."

1952 - On July 28,
At the Civilian Defense Skywatch Tower, New York City, a UFO was sighted and photographed.

1952 - On July 29,
A Secret, "Eyes Only" Memo to Deputy Director/Intelligence from Ralph L.Clark, Acting Assistant Director of Scientific Intelligence stated:

"In the past several weeks numerous UFOs have been sighted visually and on Special UFO Group Radar. This office (CIA) has maintained a continued review of reputed sightings for the past 3 years and a Special Group has been formed to review the sightings to date. OCI and OSI will participate in this study and prepare a report on UFOs by August 15, 1952."

The CIA would adamantly deny to the public that it ever conducted any research into UFOs until documents released after the passage of the Freedom of Information Act in 1977 began to show otherwise during the 1980s.

1952 - During the summer and fall,
International response to the Washington sightings grew.
Ralph Noyes was at the Air Ministry (Britain), on the staff of Air Chief Marshal Cochran, and sat in on cabinet discussions about the Washington sightings. He recalls Cochran saying at one of the meetings "I thought Vandenberg had put an end to this in '49", a presumed reference to the rejection of the then Estimate of Situation stating that the UFOs were of alien origin.

 Why would Vandenberg have taken such a position ?
 Would Vandenberg be embarrassed as a military leader to admit defeat ?
 Was Vandenberg taking a Security position of not alarming the public ?
 As a member of MJ-12, was he safeguarding an elite position with the aliens ?

1952 - On July 29, at 4.30 P.M.,
George Stock, outside his lawnmower shop, took photographs of an airborne disc-shaped object showing a metallic-like bottom, with his box reflex camera.

1952 - At the end of July,
Concerning Operation Intercept, a Secret Memo was sent to the Director, CIA, from H. Marshall Chadwell, Office of Scientific Intelligence, stated:

"ATIC has set up a worldwide reporting network for Flying Saucers and major Air Force bases have been ordered to make Interceptions of UFOs. Battello Memorial Institute is to handle machine indexing of all official reported sightings. From 1947 to date, there have been 1500 official sightings with 250 of them in 1952 alone. Of the 1500, 28% remain Unexplained. UFOs are of such importance that the matter should be brought before the National Security Council."

It already had been.

1952 - On July 29,
Ralph Mayher, of Miami, Florida, U.S.A., filmed an object 30 to 40 feet long that moved away through the sky at a speed less than that of a falling meteorite. After clipping off the first few frames, Mayher turned the film over to the USAF for investigation. The film indeed was "lost" and was later seen as part of a deliberate campaign to conceal evidence of UFO's.

1952 - On August 1,
A CIA memorandum as follow-up to the National Security Council order for it to continue investigating with an intent to resolving whether UFOs were a threat to national security, as directed from the Chief of Weapons and Equipment Division, read:

"so long as a series of reports remains 'unexplainable' (interplanetary aspects and alien origin not being thoroughly excluded from consideration), caution requires that intelligence continue coverage of the subject .... It is strongly urged, however, that no indication of CIA interest or concern reach the press or public, in view of their probable alarmist tendencies."

1952 - On August 9,
The British Air Ministry stated that "a full intelligence study" had determined that all reported UFO incidents could be attributed to hoaxes, optical illusions, mistaken identities and known astronomical phenomena. The intelligence study was apparently carried out in 1951 and the statement was made following an enquiry on the part of the then Prime Minister, Winston Churchill. The Americans have reached a similar conclusion.

1952 - On the night of August 14,
Tom Brooke, his wife and their 11-year-old son left some friends at a bar 40 miles from Miami, Florida, U.S.A. and drove away to go home. At 7:14 the next morning, the police found their abandoned car 11 miles from the bar. The headlights were still on, one door was open, and Mrs. Brooke's handbag, containing a large sum of money, was on the back seat. There were footprints leading into a field beside the road. The family seemed to have taken about a dozen steps, then vanished into thin air, because the footprints stopped abruptly.

Seven miles away, a waitress named Mabel Twin disappeared that same night, in the same way. This was a time during which there were many sightings of UFOs in the U.S.A. with some witnesses testifying to having seen the occupants. Few of these possible abductions have been recorded or summarized in UFO literature.

In 1994, we know that the above locations are on a great circle route (the shortest distance between two points is an arc over a spherical surface - the Earth) between the mid-Atlantic location of an orbiting GRAY mother ship and the GRAY underground base set up in 1946 near Dulce, New Mexico.

1952 - During August,
John Foster Dulles, advisor to U.S.A. Secretary of State Dean Acheson since 1945, and close to occupying the post himself, stated why the "Cold War" must continue for the benefit of the American economy. Dulles had been a missionary for the Open Door Policy of universal freedom of all states to all markets, his definition of compromise with the Soviet Union did not include a fundamental accommodation with the Soviet Union or the acceptance of fundamental changes in the underdeveloped regions. Dulles announced that he would liberate the Russians and the Chinese from "atheistic international communism" and usher in the American Century. Dulles became Secretary of State in January, 1953.

Still, negotiations with the Soviets were avoided to any length, until finally, it seemed they could no longer be delayed. Dulles worried about such a meeting with the Soviets fearing that it would turn the Americans away from their attention to the cold war. Most other American business and political leaders grasped that if toleration could rise between the U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R., a major conference of underdeveloped societies without the U.S.A. as leader could emerge to defy the United States; even to use its nuclear weapons in retaliation.

1952 - During August,
EBE, the spacebeing captured by the USAF from a UFO crash near Roswell in 1949, died.
(see also December, 1951)
In a futile attempt to save EBE and to gain favour, rather than incur the wrath, of this technologically superior race, the U.S.A. began broadcasting a call for help in early 1952. The program would later be code named SIGMA. It had been hoped that EBE would become trusting enough to impart sufficient knowledge to allow the reverse engineering of the spacecrafts retrieved on the expectation that the U.S.S.R. might also have captured a spacebeing with whom they had negotiated or interrogated, perhaps by torture. The ultimate spiritual challenge was always present from the day of its capture: how far to go in trying to obtain information from a remarkedly technologically advanced being whom you believed had been party to the collection of human body parts? If you were EBE how much would you tell?

1952 - In an August 16
CIA analysis report of a Vienna news article of a UFO report from the Belgian Congo:

"Commander Pierre of Elizabethville Airfield was sent out to intercept 2 Flying Saucers. They had a diam. of 12 to 15 meters with a stationary central hub with visible portholes and an extremely fast rotating outer disk that glowed as if on fire. Colour similar to aluminum. They emitted a loud whistling sound which could be heard over his own engines. He estimated their speed at over 1500 kilometres/hour."

1952 - On August 18,
The Crew of the "Oregon" sighted a disc-shaped object over the Indian Ocean.

1952 - On August 20,
H. Marshall Chadwell sent a memorandum to the Director, CIA, stating that:

"the DCI, after a briefing by OSI on the subject of UFOs, directed the preparation of an NSCID for submission to the Council stating the need for investigation and directing agencies concerned to cooperate in such investigations. It was decided that Dr. Whitman, chairman of P&DB, would investigate undertaking R&D studies through Air Force agencies."

1952 - On August 23,
A CIA analysis report of a UFO landing in East Berlin:

"Former mayor of Gleimershausen, Oscar Linke and his 11-year-old daughter, Gabriella, spotted a landed Flying Saucer near the town of Hasselbach. The huge "frying pan" was approximately 13 to 15 meters in diameter and had 2 rows of holes on the periphery, about 30 centimetres in circumference. The space between the 2 rows was about 0.45 meters. On top was a black conical object about 3 meters high. Two men dressed in shiny metallic clothing were standing outside the craft. Upon hearing the daughter's voice the two men retreated into the UFO which then began to rotate. As the UFO began to spin the conical tower slid down into the UFO and the UFO began to rise and rotate like a top. It seemed to be supported by the conical tower that was now underneath it. ...."

1952 - On the evening of September 12,
In the small town of Flatwoods, in Braxton County, West Virginia, U.S.A., saw what they thought was a meteor flash through the air and crash into a nearby hill. Gathering a few of their friends and an adult, Mrs. Kathleen May, a party of seven hurried up the hill to where they thought they had seen the meteor fall.

They found a "fire-breathing monster, ten feet tall with a bright green body and blood-red face" that waddled towards them with a "bouncing floating motion". Terrified, they rushed back down the hill to Mrs. May's house and phoned the sheriff. He found nothing but mass media representatives boosted the story and gathered much attention and popularity for the seven in front of television cameras and on newspaper pages. It is unknown how much the perception of the participants might have been "expanded" afterwards under the pressure of mass social attention and highly unprofessional interest.

1952 - In September,
Vannevar Bush, science adviser to U.S.A. President Eisenhower, was among those establishment scientists approached by members of UKACO, Inc. and General Henry M. Gross, the distinguished head of the Selective Service Board for the State of Pennsylvania, seeking support for patenting of the radionics disease control process for crops. When Gross explained to them UKACO's accomplishments and said that every particle has its own generic frequency, the scientists responded heatedly that the UKACO-obtained results were impossible. Invitations to the scientists to visit the fields and talk with the farmers who had been exposed to and used the process were declined. Gross had no more success with the director of the Carnegie Institution in Washington, who flatly told him that there was nothing in the science of electronics to suggest that the UKACO process could work. Lack of support eventually forced UKACO to close its doors.

Several things are noteworthy here:

1. Had the process been "fairly investigated" by persons carrying the title of "scientist" at the time, it would have replaced chemical insecticides, decreasing the chemical toxicity of agricultural soils later and reducing the rise of chronic illness frequency. Further, crops would have had higher yields over longer durations while costing less to grow.

2. GRAYs are insect-like in their biological characteristics.
Had the process been developed, the Earth could have been "protected" from occupation and domination by the GRAYs relatively easily and without danger to humans. That option is no longer possible. We are too close to the "take over" date and the GRAYs have had almost 50 years to prepare and place controls on human society such that endeavours in this direction now would be detected quickly and stopped.

3. Vannevar Bush was part of "Majority 12 (MJ-12)", had met with the GRAYs, knew their biology was insect-like, and with the feedback of the Intelligence and Armed Forces members of that group was aware that such a technique could be used not only against insects but also possibly against concentrations of troops or even the populations of whole cities in wartime. Grudgingly, they had to acknowledge that the GRAYs were technologically superior to humans. In fear and projection they further assumed that if humans were in the position of the GRAYs and saw such a weapon being developed, the humans would capture it and use it against the originators.

1952 - During September,
J. Zenabi of Santiago, Chile, meets with the Martian crew of a landed flying saucer.
He is taken onboard and taken on a trip to Mars and return.
He describes the physical features of Mars and the science, culture and political institutions of the spacebeings there.

1952 - On September 18,
The following incident was reported in a Norwegian newspaper in Harstad, a copy of which was found in U.S.A. C.I.A. files released 30 years later. At 1400 hours, 3 forestry workers who were working right outside Kirkenes noticed a flat, round object hovering motionless at about 500 metres. After the workers had observed the object for a while, it suddenly flew away at great speed in a northwesterly direction.

1952 - On September 18,
A Mr. Denny of Louisiana, was found burned to death.
Lieutenant Louis Wattigney, who investigated:

"The man was lying on the floor behind the door, and he was a mass of flames.
Not another blessed thing in the room was burning ... I don't know what caused the fire to burn so hot.
He could have been saturated with some oil. I did not smell anything, however.
In my experience, I never saw anything to beat this."

There were no matches, used or unused; all the windows were closed and, though the day was a gray, rainy day, it was not a cold one. The central heating was off.

There was blood on the kitchen floor - Denny had been burning on the bedroom floor.
That the fire had enveloped him whilst he was still alive was indicated by a large amount of carbon in his trachea and lungs. ... the Coroner ... finally "admitted" that Denny had cut his arteries and then cremated himself with burning kerosene.

What the persistent writer, Otto Burma failed to get from the Coroner was a simple explanation of how Denny managed to cut his arteries, pour kerosene over himself, strike a match with oil-soaked fingers over which the arterial blood was pumping - and then, in flames, manage to hide the kerosene tin and the used and unused matches.

1952 - On September 19,20 and 21,
"Operation Mainbrace", a NATO military training exercise in the North Sea, near Britain, using naval and air resources, encountered UFOs on 3 occasions.

On the 19th, a round,silvery object appeared over Topcliffe Airfield, North Yorkshire.
Five members of the No. 269 Squadron, including Flight Lieutenant J. Kilburn, were "watching a Meteor fighter approaching and gradually descending. The Meteor was at approximately 5,000 feet and approaching from the east. Paris suddenly noticed a white object in the sky at a height between ten and twenty thousand feet some five miles astern of the Meteor. The object was silver in colour and circular in shape,; it appeared to be travelling at a much slower speed than the Meteor but was on a similar course.

It maintained the slow forward speed for a few seconds before commencing to descend, swinging in a pendulum motion during descent, similar to a falling sycamore leaf. This was at first thought to be a parachute or engine cowling. The Meteor, meanwhile, turned towards Dishforth and the object, while continuing its descent, appeared to follow suit. After a few seconds, the object stopped its pendulous motion and its descent, and began to rotate about its own axis. Suddenly, it accelerated at an incredible speed towards the west, turning onto a southeasterly heading before disappearing. All this occurred in a matter of fifteen to twenty seconds. The acceleration was in excess of that of a shooting star. I have never seen such a phenomenon before ... the rate of acceleration was unbelievable.

Flight Officer R. N. Paris, Flight Lieutenant M.Cybulski, Master Sergeant Thompson, Sergeant Dewis and Leading Aircraftsman Grimes, all of No. 269 Squadron, were with me at the time ... clear skies, sunshine and unlimited visibility."

A "Meteor" jet was scrambled and the RAF pilot got close enough to confirm the description before it flew off, against the wind, with no noise. At least 3 civilians sent letters to the RAF Topcliffe Base, Yorkshire stating their observations of the craft on the same date: one, who lived in Waterhouse, County Durham, added that he had witnessed a similar incident in May, 1950.

On September 20th, a similar object appeared over a USA carrier ship with the fleet between England and Scandinavia. An American photographer, Wallace Litwin, took a number of photographs of a silvery object which was circular. they have never been released by the Navy. Extensive checks were made to determine if this could be a military vehicle or not; the answer was negative.

On September 21st, 6 RAF jets were flying over the North Sea when they saw a "sphere" heading towards them from the direction of the English fleet. They followed it, it easily outdistanced them, and they found it was behind them. One pilot gave chase but quickly lost it. These reports led to the RAF officially recognizing UFOs. At the same time, some of the files concerning the exercise and held at the Public Records Office at Kew, London, are closed for 50 years.

Further corroboration of the events was received in a report submitted by Senior Aircraftsman F. W. R., who was employed as a radar mechanic at RAF Neatshead, Norfolk, U.K.:

"I was on duty early one morning during the Mainbrace exercise.
Sometime between the hours 0400 and 0800 an object was picked up on our (radar) scopes flying over the North Sea and parallel to the English coast. The height.range display gave its height as being in excess of 50,000 feet. Meteors and Venoms were scrambled from Colishall as the object was not identifiable. When the planes headed across the sea to attempt to intercept it, the object rapidly accelerated and disappeared from our screens heading on a target for Norway. None of the planes got close enough to record a visual contact.

The next day a similar event occurred and an object was picked up on scope, and again planes were scrambled. The object accelerated out of range and the aircraft were forced to give up the chase. ...

We were never given any explanation as to what had occurred nor were we told where the (radar) photographic material (of the second sighting) was sent. The object never returned."

1952 - In early October,
The "Nineteenth Party Congress", the first in 13 years, was held in Moscow, U.S.S.R..
It raised the alarm on vigilance, changed the name of the Politburo to Presidium, and then increased that body from 11 to 25 full members, diluting the power of the likes of Beria, Malenkov, Khrushchev, Molotov, and others. Poskrebyshev had disappeared sometime before the Congress and would disappear after it again. But here, he chaired the Congress and spoke in terms which linked the lack of vigilance to economic crimes, which were then linked to espionage. Several Beria supporters were demoted in the party. Beria did his best to turn Stalin against several critical officers in the Bodyguards Directorate, which he was in the process of purging.

1952 -
C.L. Bacon, R. Rennecker, and M. Cutler publish the results of their "Psychosomatic survey of cancer of the breast", in the Psychosomatic Medicine Journal. They conclude that the breast cancer patients studied had 6 important behavioural characteristics:

   (1) a masochistic character structure;
   (2) inhibited sexuality;
   (3) inhibited motherhood;
   (4) inability to discharge or deal appropriately with anger, 
           aggressiveness or hostility, covered over by a dacade of pleasantness;
   (5) an unresolved hostile conflict with the mother, handled through 
                                       denial and unrealistic sacrifice; and
   (6) delay in securing treatment.

Bacon and her colleagues were inclined afterwards to believe that "it is possible for emotional forces at times to provide a catalyst for the cancer reaction." The American and Canadian Cancer societies would largely downplay this focal area while spending hundreds of millions of dollars on the development of costly drugs and radiation therapy. It would be after 1975 that "renegade" doctors would begin treating cancer with greater success through the use of exercises to strengthen one's self-esteem, reduce one's toxic shame, promote the skill of creative visualization and form support groups. It would be more than 35 years before any public awareness of these factors would be initiated through the mass media and expanding alternative health centres. Why? There's little money to profit from such positive stress counselling and instruction; drug dependency by the pharmaceutical industry keeps the capitalist status quo in place.

Options were available yet they would have threatened the strength of the authoritarian status quo which left the masses at the mercy of their leaders. Several positive redirections of the culture could have included the teaching of assertive communication in the schools and workplaces; parenting skills training in the schools and in community support groups; greater availability of truthful and responsible information concerning sexuality, birth control and trust building.

Tolerance, understanding and compassion towards those with cancer and the removal of social stigma associated with cancer would have allowed earlier detection and treatment and encouraged the development of better coping skills. The signs were present; the solution was suggested; the response was intellectualized to support the new gods of laboratory science and cold technology. The North American culture was so primitive on these factors at this time that most participants were blind to their weaknesses and their endemic negative spirituality.

1952 - On October 2,
H. Marshall Chadwell, Assistant Director of Scientific Intelligence, sent a Secret Memo to the Director of the CIA:

"ATIC is the only group devoting appreciable effort to the study of UFOs.
Flying Saucers pose two elements of danger to the United States.
The first involves mass psychological considerations
and the second the vulnerability of the U.S. to air attack.
Recommend that the DCI discuss this subject with the Psychological Strategy Board."

1952 - On October 17,
The headmaster of the school in Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the SW of France, saw a solitary cloud-like object crossing the sky at an estimated altitude of 6500 to 9800 feet. Above the cloud, and travelling at the same speed, was an object shaped like a cylinder, white in colour, and not luminous, tilted at an angle of 45 degrees. The upper part of the cylinder was leaning in the direction in which it was moving- towards the SW - and puffs of white smoke, or cloud, seemed to be detaching themselves from the top. Ahead of the cylinder, and travelling in the same direction, were some 30 small objects that looked like balls of smoke.

Looking through his binoculars, the headmaster could see that each of these smaller objects consisted of a red sphere encircled by a yellow-hued ring inclined at such an angle that it hid much of the lower part of the sphere. The objects appeared to be domed saucers, and they were moving about in pairs in zig-zag flight, with each pair linked by what looked like an electric arc. The smaller objects left long trails of a threadlike substance, which detached itself and floated slowly earthwards. The threads draped themselves about roofs, trees, walls, street lamps, telephone wires, and cables. When the threads were touched, they became gelatinous, then vapourized and disappeared. Many people over a wide area witnessed the same incident.

1952 - On October 19,
A weird, brilliant Light with a revolving, Disc-Shaped Nucleus was seen west Korea.

1952 - On October 27,
Over Gaillac in southwest France, at 5 P.M., an object shaped like a cylinder, white in colour, and not luminous, tilted at an angle of 45 degrees with the upper part leaning in the direction it was moving, was seen. Ahead of the cylinder and travelling in the same direction were 20 small objects that were smaller and consisted of a red central sphere, encircled by a yellow-hued ring inclined at an angle such that it hid much of the lower part of the sphere. They appeared to be domed saucers, moving about in pairs in swift zig-zag flight, each pair linked by what looked like an electric arc. The smaller objects left long trails of a threadlike substance, which detached itself and floated slowly to earth to fall on all kinds of objects. Looking like strands of nylon or glass wool, the substance became gelatinous when touched and then vapourized and disappeared. At least 100 people witnessed it.

1952 - October 27,
U.S. Air Intelligence Memo,
" Some military officials are seriously considering the possibility of interplanetary ships."

1952 - By November,
Vladimir Popov, assigned to the Soviet GRU (Chief Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff) in Soviet-occupied Austria, began selling intelligence information to American diplomats who made it available to the CIA. He remained a an American spy until his arrest in 1958 and was executed in Moscow in 1959. For 6 years he passed bundled of top secret information out of the Secret centres of Soviet power. His contributions greatly decreased the KGB's effectiveness and was estimated to have saved the U.S.A. half a billion dollars in military research.

1952 - By November,
Headquarters of NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command) had been chosen as Peterson AFB in Colorado State.
It would be enclosed deep within the granite Cheyenne Mountain.
Eventually 15 steel buildings would be cushioned on huge steel springs and, until larger nuclear weapons were made, it would be considered impregnable in a nuclear attack. The USA Space Command would later be added to the facility's services.

1952 - On November 1,
Elugelab Island, in the Eniwetok Atoll was the site of a U.S.A. "Mike", Ivy Series, thermonuclear bomb test, part of the Greenhouse series. The MIKE shot blew, at 10 megatons, the whole islet apart so that it disappeared below the sea. It was roughly 1000 times larger than the force released by the Hiroshima bomb. The fireball was 3 miles in diameter and millions of gallons of lagoon water turned to steam appearing like a giant bubble to the observers 40 miles away. A crater 1/2 mile deep and 2 miles wide had been torn in the reef. It weighed some 60 tons.

It was never intended to be a deliverable weapon as its thermonuclear fuel consisted of liquid deuterium, a normally gaseous substance which must be cooled to temperatures colder than -250 degrees C. for liquification. It therefore required a very complex refrigerating device and the entire mechanism was very large and bulky, occupying a specially constructed laboratory on site. This simpler, less practical construction would satisfy the influential theoretical scientists who needed to see a straight-forward concept work before backing the more complicated Teller-Ulam abstraction.

It was the first test of the Teller-Ulam ignition strategy and was successful, thereafter making it possible to build deliverable hydrogen bombs. Bomb stockpiles now began building.

Deliverable bombs contain the salt of lithium-6 and deuterium so that neutrons from the explosion of the atom bomb trigger react with lithium-6 to produce fast moving tritium nuclei, that, in turn, fuse with each other and with deuterium. The Teller-Ulam concept made the bomb practical; the lithium-6 combination made it possible.

1952 - On November 4,
The National Security Agency, is established by U.S.A. President Harry Truman by way of Executive Order.
Initially, its purpose was two-fold: to carry out high technology centred covert operations and to develop high technology for military applications through reverse engineering of crashed UFOs and communication with space "aliens". It is exempt from all laws which do not specifically name the NSA in the text of the law as being subject to that law. Most American lawmakers were unaware of the existence of this covert policy office for next 20 years. In the late 1980s, 75% of the monies allotted to the intelligence community were going to the NSA.

Allen Dulles (then Deputy Director of the C.I.A.) and Richard Bissell (first professor of Keynesian economics, organizer of Allied shipping during WWII, promoted the Marshall Plan for European recovery, friend of Truman and Dulles, conservative to the extent that he believed that communism anywhere called for an automatic and often unthinking response and that a system so evil deserved no tolerance in return) recognized that covert operations had to change from agent-oriented to technology-oriented if they were to remain possible. Secrecy could not be maintained in situations where thousands were involved; technology replaced thousands of agents with dozens of technical experts.

The imminent demonstration of this involved the development and use of the U2 spy plane.
In 1954, the Intelligence Advisory Board would study advanced warning systems against attack from the U.S.S.R.; as a result Dulles and Bissell would run the U2 development under the C.I.A.

1952 - On November 16,
The "KING" thermonuclear shot was tested as the second of Operation IVY over the Pacific Ocean.
It was dropped from an aircraft and exploded at an altitude of 1480 feet above its target.
It produced an extremely large explosion, 500 kilotons, but it derived its energy entirely from fission.
The political basis for such a "test" was such that President Dwight D. Eisenhower could later declare, a year later, that the USA possessed an atomic bomb 25 times larger than the ones used in Japan. The intent to build the bomb began immediately after the Soviet Union exploded "Joe 1"; it was never planned to be thermonuclear. It was supported by politicians and military leaders who feared that the Soviet Union would only respect a much larger bomb than their own. Both the fission and the fusion nuclear weapons programs were followed. Among other findings, this proved that very efficient fission bombs in the megaton class range could be made by adopting the latest implosion techniques for that purpose.

1952 - By November,
The Truman Administration had been approached by either or both Prince Bernhard and Joseph H. Retinger to participate in a secret conference of NATO leaders. It was to be held in secret from the public so that the leaders could have frank discussions on international affairs. While the intent was to separate each of the participants from the manipulation of the mass media of the participating authority-based nations - by deceptive grandstanding - it opened the way for such populations to be effectively manipulated by elitist decision-making.

The 2 key role-players in the USA group would be General Walter Bedell Smith (Director of the CIA) and C.D. Jackson (a member of the Council on Foreign Relations - CFR). The USA had its own preoccupations which would temporarily make such a meeting secondary.

1952 - On November 18,
Admiral R. Hillenkoetter (MJ-1) sends a Majestic-12 briefing document to President (elect) Dwight D. Eisenhower.

1952 - On November 20,
George Adamski, a Polish immigrant who was an aspiring science fiction writer and who operated a snack bar on Mount Palomar, reported his first direct encounter with an alien. He reported that on that evening, a UFO landed near him in Desert Center, California. A man with long blond hair left the craft and approached Adamski. They understood each other partly by sign language, but mainly through telepathic transmission of thoughts. The man advised Adamski that he had come from Venus and was sent to earth by the planetary populace to stop atomic testing here, as effects of the testing process were beginning to damage other planets. The spaceperson identified himself as a Venusian and asked Adamski not to photograph him. Adamski published a book on his encounter, Flying Saucers Have Landed , and later reported meetings with people from other planets - Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.

He reported that he had met these beings, who appeared disguised as people from earth, in various cafes and bars around Los Angeles. They were friendly and invited him aboard their spacecrafts. On board the crafts, he met beautiful women and was served exquisite food. He met an elderly wise man who acquainted him with the wisdom and knowledge of space beings from the various planets. The space beings had come to warn the people of earth that they would destroy themselves if they continued their foolish atomic weapons testing. The extraterrestrials also told him that they had come to earth in the past whenever earth conflicts had become critical. They had always worked through emissaries to deliver their messages; Christ had been one of the messengers before Adamski. The response from the community has ranged from highly sceptical to devotees.

FBI agents maintained surveillance of him for a time with the concern that he might found an anti-government cult. The political and military paranoia of the times encouraged some authorities to be intolerant towards all who did not agree without question in any policy put forth or action taken by the government. J. Edgar Hoover, director of the FBI, was such an individual. Any critic of the government policies which he individually favoured, such as the testing of nuclear weapons, was, in his perception, an enemy of the state. Under Project Moondust, FBI operatives approached Adamski in locations of intrigue and covert suggestibility, such as cafes and bars, and acted out roles of supposed extraterrestrials. Plying him with liquor and manipulating his naievity, they implanted suggestions in him which they later used to discredit his credibility. It became a successful disinformation strategy - one that would be used many times in the future. The public, history, and even Adamski himself, would eventually be unable to untangle the real incidents from the fabricated ones and most persons would disregard all of his writings, or, believe all of the faked information along with the true facts. Either way, the warning of the spaceperson would be lost amongst the tangle.

Adamski did develop a following of interest and gave lectures on his reported experiences well into the 1960s. He described the spacecraft that he had been on as being totally push-button operated. A robot system controlled the practical operation of the craft because even these extraterrestrials did not have minds that were sufficiently developed to be able to cope with the speeds and the conditions of space. Thus, he said, their primary function became the servicing of the robot systems (computers) to make sure they operated correctly. He later described being taken aboard a mothership and flown near the Moon to see the far side through some form of magnifying screen.

The man whom he stated had come from Venus he called "Orthon" and he produced photographs of an airborne object which had a saucer-like shape with a dome on top and 3 evenly spaced ball-shaped projections on the bottom. He drew schematic drawings from his memory of the spacecraft interior showing a 2-deck structure with a central magnetic pole around which were ordered a chartroom, control room, storage, a kitchen-dining room, lounge and benches. Portholes and a magnifying lens were situated on the outer walls. It was very status quo orderly in accord with the popular "scientific" planning of the day. Adamski's drawing of a Venusian mothership had a structure similar to that of a caterpillar. Long and cylindrical, a long hallway-like assortment of activity areas extended through the central portion: air locks, flight deck, control room, lounge, launching area, arrival-departure platform, rail carrier. When Orthon left the Earth, and Adamski, he left behind footprints illustrating symbols which Adamski interpreted as the expression of a plea for humans to cease nuclear weapons testing.

1952 - In November,
A letter from William Borden, executive director of the staff of the Congressional Joint Committee on Atomic Energy is sent to F.B.I. Director "J. Edgar Hoover", who later passes it to U.S.A. President Eisenhower. The letter stated that more probably than not, Oppenheimer was a Soviet espionage agent. Eisenhower calls in Lewis Strauss, after April 1953, to direct him to cut off Oppenheimer from further access to classified documents.

1952 - On November 22,
8 Men spent 30 minutes observing 4 flying saucers, their evolutions, variations in colour and luminosity, ... The account was recorded in the records of the local Service Meteorologique of the Oubangui Chari in French Equatorial Africa.

1952 - On November 25,
H. Marshall Chadwell, sends a briefing continuance memo to the Director of the CIA:

"Another meeting by A-2 and ATIC personnel was held on this date.
UFOs must have immediate attention. UFOs have been sighted at great altitude and high speeds in the vicinity of major U.S. defense installations and can NOT be attributed to natural phenomenon or Known types of aerial vehicles. OSI is proceeding to establish an immediate Priority research and development on UFOs under the aegis of CANIS."

1952 -
Goose Bay Air Force Base, Labrador was to become a busy location for sightings from Canadian and U.S. military pilots over the years with dozens of incidents. On December 15, the crews of a USAF T-33 jet trainer and an F-94B interceptor spotted a brilliant red and white object, seemingly motionless in the sky at an altitude of 15,000 feet. After fixing the target on their radar screen, they set off in pursuit at speeds up to 431 mph being led around in circles for 30 minutes. The UFO suddenly straightened out its flight path and shot away at extreme speed. USAF officials covered up the incident by stating that a radar malfunction had resulted in both ground and flight radars scanning the planet Venus.

1952 - By December,
General Mi Li of Chiang Kai-shek's army, who had escaped from the rout by Mao Tse-tung's forces from Mainland China into Burma, and subsequently seized control of the poppy-growing areas of the Golden Triangle, now began working with the USA CIA. The latter supplied weapons in return for information and armed resistance against the growing Indochinese socialist and Communist groups. Chinese syndicates in Thailand and Laos - such as the chiu chao with its well-established ties to the Japanese colonial Kuomintang governments - controlled the refining and marketing of the hard drugs supplied by General Mi's "opium Armies" and delivered these drugs by courier to dealers in America and Europe. The same Chinese syndicates controlled the sex trade in Thailand, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, in collaboration with government officials.

In Thailand, to the end of the century, the sex trade business would gradually become an institutionalized part of the culture. Living a subsistence agricultural existence with minimal birth control continually raised the material needs of the family until they could no longer be met. Increasing exposure to capitalist materialism, and, increasingly becoming addicted to opium and heroin themselves - many families would come to expect that their 13-year-old daughters would leave home for a period of years to work as indentured sex slaves in the cities.

Drug addiction meant a total loss of spiritual strength: the victim simply did not care about anything other than feeding the addiction. A willingness to sell the services and freedom of daughters, sons, and wives - in order to maintain their drug habit would become a regular practice. Addiction meant more wasted time, in drug-induced states, during which agricultural tasks could have been done to provide at least a subsistence level of livelihood.

It would become an established practice that the only, and the accepted way of paying off family debts and paying for family home ownership - was by selling at least one daughter into the sex business. There, over a period of years, the girl would slowly work off the debt, then return home to marry; to have her own family, and send her own daughter(s) to work in the sex trade. With the promotion and availability of the brothels by the chinese underworld organizations, it would gradually become an accepted practice for itinerant and military employees to become the prime patrons of the brothels. Peasant farmers, either through ignorance and necessity, or, through desperation and drug addiction - would "sell" their daughters to work in the cities, towns or villages - as "waitresses" or, knowingly, as prostitutes.

BACK to PEAR
INDEX

Memory Stimulators.
1953 - HIGHLIGHTS:

Movies:

Abbott and Costello Go To Mars; Titanic; Tom Brown's School Days; Top Secret; War of the Worlds, The Cruel Sea; Roman Holiday; Shane; The Savage; Glen or Glenda?; Jennifer; Stalag 17; The 5,000 Fingers of Dr. T.

1953 - On January 8,
Harald Bower, a U.S. Army volunteer, died while being used in a test of psychoactive drugs at the Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland.
He had been reticent about the test beforehand and had asked repeatedly as to what the test drug would be and what the possible side effects of it were. The researchers informed him that for the integrity of the test results, he could not be forewarned with any information; that this would be a routine test; that he had nothing to worry about. Bower was never informed of what the substance or risks were, he did not want to proceed with the test and he never gave his consent to be injected with the drug which was given to him. One of the researchers later testified that they never knew what they were injecting into the test subject: "It could have been dog piss, for all we knew."

Bower was injected with a compound known as "EA 1298", a mescaline derivative.
He immediately became restless and sweating and soon began frothing at the mouth - a condition which persisted for an hour. At that point, he lapsed into a coma. He died 1-1/2 hours later. His family was not informed of the cause or nature of his death until 1975, when agents from the CIA and Pentagon informed his wife that he had been the fatality of a drug experiment. Further details as to the drug used and the details of his agony would not be disclosed for many more years and then only after extended legal requests. There was never any open disclosure as to how many persons died in such experiments or as to how many were severely affected over a long period of time. Fear, paranoia, and "duty" motivated men during this time to take extreme actions in the expectation that a weapon of horrendous magnitude could be developed which the potential impact of its use would force peace on the world. Humanity has never been able to bring about any form of lasting peace, by coercion.

1953 - January 14,
The "Robertson panel" was convened to investigate and report on UFO sightings to date.
None of the Project Blue Book staff or consultants appear to have been included.
All were selected with CIA clearance, as physical scientists, and a knowledge of magic and chicanery was considered a plus. Included on the panel were these:

   Professor H.P. Robertson, a renowned nuclear physicist,
   Professor S. Sam Goudsmit, enemy weapons technology & intelligence,
   Professor Luis Alvarez, worked with Oppenheimer on the atom bomb,
   Dr. Lloyd Berkner, a rear admiral and physicist (also MJ-12),
   Professor Thornton Page, an astronomer and weapons expert,
   Captain Ruppelt, head of Project Bluebook,
   Dr. Allen Hynek, 

The panel met for 5 days.
The first morning they viewed colour films of the sighting at Tremonton, Utah and at Great Falls, Montana.
The Navy Photograph Interpretation Laboratory had analyzed the Tremonton film for a thousand hours and concluded that the 12 objects flying in loose formation could not be birds, balloons, aircraft, or reflections; and whatever they were, they were "self-luminous." Despite the Nay's findings, the panel assumed that the cinematographer, a naval commander, was probably mistaken in his estimate of how far away the objects were, that they probably were considerably closer, and that therefore the formation of flying objects was probably nothing more than sea gulls or some other kind of bird "reflecting the strong desert sunlight but being just too far and too luminous to see their shape." Similarly, they dismissed the 2 objects in the Great Falls film as probably jet airplanes that had been seen in the area a short while before, though the man who took the footage testified he knew the difference between jets and the 2 objects he filmed.

They heard testimony from Ruppelt, Fournet, Hynek, and others, viewed military photos of suspected UFOs. An aeronautical engineer, who for 15 months had served as the Air Force project officer for UFOs in Washington, reviewed several of the better sightings from Blue Book files for the panel and concluded that he saw only one explanation for the presence of the unusual flying objects - extraterrestrial visitation. But the panel would accept none of the cases cited by the engineer because they were "raw, unevaluated reports." After reviewing only 6 cases in detail, and 15 cases generally, the panel concluded that nothing they had seen or heard offered scientific data of any value. After a total review of about 12 hours, the panel concluded: "We firmly believe that there is no residuum of cases which indicates phenomena which are attributable to foreign artifacts capable of hostile acts."

They concluded that those who had seen the "objects" were biased and took the position Vandenberg had in 1949 in supporting the CIA position that all sightings were of no significance.

Further, the panel was concerned that if the reports continued, the American population might be vulnerable to "possible enemy psychological warfare" through "the cultivation of a morbid national psychology in which skilful hostile propaganda could induce hysterical behaviour and harmful distrust of duly constituted authority. They suggested measures to brainwash the public into passivity regarding the sightings. Among the measures considered in the secret report, since released are these:

Twisting the truth to allow universal debunking;

Recruiting Walt Disney to create cartoons that made UFOs look silly;

Monitors (informers) within civilian UFO groups to discredit their activities;

Utilize an army training film company, Walt Disney Productions, psychologists expert in the field of mass psychology and personalities, such as Arthur Godfrey, selected for their believability, to educate the public to identify known objects so that sightings could be mass debunked.

Other forms used included character assassination, media manipulation, and direct threat demonstrated a clear manipulation of power and democracy leading to the disruption of families, careers, and loss of personal sanity.

The panel also recommended that the two major UFO research groups - Aerial Phenomena Research Organization (APRO) in Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, and Civilian Saucer Intelligence (CSI) in New York - be

"watched because of their potentially great influence on mass thinking if widespread sightings should occur. The apparent irresponsibility and the possible use of such groups for subversive purposes should be kept in mind."

Goudsmit, a panel member, wrote 12 years later that the subject was a "complete waste of time and should be investigated by psychiatrists rather than physicists." It was "almost as dangerous to the general welfare of our unstable society as drug addiction and some other mental disorders."

A follow-up report by the CIA on December 8, 1953, noted the success of this approach through the falling numbers of sightings reported.

1953 - On January 13,
"The Doctor's Plot" was announced in the U.S.S.R. media.
It was an alleged terrorist operation that was supposedly caught at the last minute.
Several leading Kremlin physicians were arrested, and confessed to the actual and planned medical murders of prominent political and military leaders. Most were charged with espionage for Britain, the United States, and an international bourgeois Jewish nationalist organization. Most of the 9 doctors arrested had Jewish names.

The plot predated the alleged crimes, for the doctors were accused of the medical murders of General A. Shcherbakov in 1945 (chief of the Main Political Administration of the Army and Navy and an ideologist of anti-Semitism) and Andrey Zhdanov in 1948. This backdating of murder was significant, for both party and state news services blamed state security for lack of vigilance in not discovering such long-running conspiracies. This was a direct attack at Lavrentiy Beria, a security director, and his associates.

LATER: Beria was tried and executed in July, 1954.
Beria was the longest lived state security chief in the thirty-plus year history of the party state.
He knew virtually as much as Stalin did about the sordid details of the era.
There is a strong likelihood that Stalin through the technique of "combination" scored a success in getting rid of influential Jews, increasing nationalist sentiment, and making sure he didn't need to worry about what Beria would say or do before or after Stalin died.

1953 - On January 13,
British Fighter Command Headquarters issued a document detailing procedures to be taken in the event that unusual aerial phenomenon should be detected on radar.

1953 - On January 26,
The USA Department of Defense, Washington, D.C. states in a letter to "Henry Holt & Co." that Maj. Donald Keyhoe's book on flying saucers is accurate and that if the reported controlled maneuvers of the saucers are accurate then the saucers may be from another planet. Signed, Albert M. Chop, Air Force Press Desk.

1953 - On February 3,
Eduard Meier, who had just turned 16 years of age, lost contact with his spaceperson mentor, Sfath.
After several months, the new mentor, a female named Asket, from the DAL universe, a universe parallel to that of the Earth, came into his life. Her universe, she said, "lies reckoned in your time on an equal plane. Many of the universes lie in time planes and spaces completely unknown to you. Because of technological developments, the barrier has been opened from our universe to yours." Asket encouraged Meier to venture out into the world, to explore and learn. Inspired by her telepathic teachings and her reassurance, he would begin his first travels into the Middle East in 1958. Important places for him to visit she outlined as Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Jordan, West Pakistan, the foot of the Himalayan Mountains, New Delhi, Mehrauli, Turkey.

In Mehrauli, he learned the teachings and philosophy from a Buddhist monk.
Asket would instruct him from time to time, asking him to go an visit specific people on the following day at a specific location. At other times, she would ask him to go somewhere and learn something. Meier saw part of his mission as "getting to know man, the soul of man, life of man, the background of the teachings". He was also to learn about nature. He later remarked "You get to know a lot from nature. You observe plants and the animals, how everything exists, how it comes to life, how it dies, how it can live together. That's how I learned the laws and commands of nature. The laws and commands of nature are the same as the laws and commands of Creation. Creation is not a separate power, Creation is in everything."

Working his way from Greece to Turkey, down through Syria, Jordon, and Iraq, into Saudi Arabia and out again through Kuwait, into Iran, further east to Pakistan and finally into India, Meier would travel by land, in cars, by hitchhiking, by bus and by train and by ship. He would find employment as a snake catcher and a gardener, would drive a nitroglycerin truck, sing in the streets, wait tables, herd pigs, sail in an oceangoing tug, sell pots, pound nails, supervise a youth hostel, prospect for rubies and gold, pose as a animal doctor, coach, work as a male nurse, pick grapes, design jewelry, perform puppet shows, raise chickens, and teach German, all under the guidance of Asket.

1953 -
J. Zenabi provides an account of his contact with a Martian spaceship and crew, the trip he made with them to Mars, and in detail, physical features of Mars, its science, culture, and political institutions.

1953 - Early in the year,
Flight Lt. Cyril George Townsend-Withers (later to become a senior scientific officer, specializing in radar and working with the Ministry of Defence at the rank of Wing Commander), was flying a secret experimental Canberra aircraft with an RAF pilot and a science officer. They left the RAF test base at Boscombe Down in Sussex, England with a stripped down plane to fly at the record elevation of 55,000 feet.

Passing over Salisbury Plain just after noon, Townsend-Withers picked up a strange blip on his radar (they were testing a new form of radar). It indicated that something was following them at a constant distance of 5 miles. After confirming that the instruments were working correctly, the science office went up to the turret and saw a very bright round shape flying behind them. In an effort to elude the UFO, the pilot increased their speed to 225 knots. The object stayed with them. They made a wide radius turn only to find the object in front of them on collision course. Their clear view of the object was described as "round, like a thin disc, but with 2 small tailfins at the rear". It seemed to be metallic and enormous, and it was simply sitting there waiting for them to crash into it. Suddenly, the craft flipped vertically into the air and climbed upwards at an astonishing rate. It left no vapour trail, made no sound and disappeared in seconds.

The current British opinion of American sightings was disbelief.
Surprisingly, when the superiors of the officers were satisfied that it was not a USSR aircraft, they expressed little interest. It was then revealed that the Air Ministry did have a secret project evaluating UFO sightings from the point of view that they might be extraterrestrial.

It was reported in the 1960's that such a project was based at Farnborough, Hampshire, and staffed by RAF intelligence officers.

1953 - By February,
Maurice Messegue, a sophisticated Frenchman born a peasant in a remote section of Gascony known as Gers, became known to the courts of France. Taught by his father, who took him as a child on herb-collecting trips all over the countryside, Messegue had become a famous herbal healer successfully treating hundreds of patients. Some of his patients had included the president of the French Republic, Edouard Herriot, and artist Jean Cocteau. Others included a beautiful girl with a withered arm which was cured when bathed in infusions of wild plants. A child of 12, apparently unable to talk, gained the ability. The courts repeatedly censured him for practising medicine without a medical degree even though those with degrees had proven their inability to assist the persons cured by his treatments. Messegue resisted the court challenges feeling that it would be criminal not to use his skills in the service of others.

In unfortunate but typical human fashion, the messenger of good was challenged, humiliated, ridiculed, feared, restricted, threatened with loss of freedom and defamed by a status quo which revered human political and legal authority above that of the rights of the individual and without reference to the authority of the God they professed to follow. Few humans appear willing to offer their material wealth, their freedom or their life to support another without whose efforts and service they would have nothing, perhaps not even life itself.

By refusing to take a stand on any issue, based on spiritual direction rather than person gain or safety, the individual becomes responsible for the injustices enacted by the authorities they maintain. Historically, too little is done until too late, or, those who are in a position to make a change for the more spiritual lack the power of will and spiritual strength and guidance to take action. The decision to act, spiritually, is not in the individual, but is given by God to those who by searching and self-advancement receive the Word. Ask and it shall be given, yet so few ask.

1953 -
Due to the political/military secrecy attached to the investigation of UFO sightings, the public remained unaware of their global nature or their frequency. The suggestion of post-war stress leading to hallucinations was one common belief along with the suggestion that some cultures were more "imaginative" and less realistic in their perceptions than others (ie. American vs British).

1953 - On the last day of February,
The Structure of DNA is found by James Watson and Francis Crick.
After 2 years of research, both were transferred to other projects and ordered by their superiors to stop work on the proposed structure. Watson was, by obsession, aggressive - and while lacking a practical background in genetics, he approached the search for the structure with the desperation and urgency of a war knowing that the winner would receive considerable fame. Crick, an undisciplined scholar with "awesome perceptions", approached the search for the discovery as if participating in a race - also aware of the career enhancement value.

Both had continued their research without authorization.
They fraudulently used the calculations of Rosalind Franklin and others, without performing basic research themselves, to conduct theoretical models. Watson discovered some of the answers in photos of DNA (crystallographic) taken by Franklin and shown to him without authorization. Watson assembled the double helix structure; both were enthusiastic. They would receive credit from the scientific community for their "derivation" - even though the foundation work, without which they could not have accomplished anything - was completed by other persons. While the general public was informed of this deception by 1978, few gave notice to it.

1953 - During the year,
U.S.A. President Dwight Eisenhower, states:

"The loss of Vietnam, together with Laos on the west and Cambodia on the southwest ...
would have spelled the loss of valuable deposits of tin and prodigious supplies of rubber and rice.
It would have meant that Thailand, enjoying buffer territory between itself and Red China,
would be exposed on its entire Eastern border to infiltration and attack.
And if Indo-China fell, not only Thailand but Burma and Malaya would be threatened,
with added risks to East Pakistan and South Asia as well as to all Indonesia."

1953 - During the year,
Richard M. Nixon, future Vice-President and President of the U.S.A. states:

"If this whole part of Southeast Asia goes under Communist domination or Communist influence, Japan, who trades and must trade with this area in order to exist, must inevitably be oriented towards the Communist regime."

1953 - On March 4,
The purpose of CIA MK-Ultra programs was stated in a memo from Richard Helms (Director of the CIA, 1965-66) to then Director Allen Dulles:

"... research to develop a capability in the covert use of biological and chemical materials. This area involves the production of various physiological conditions which could support present or future clandestine operations. Aside from the offensive potential, the development of a comprehensive capability in this field of covert chemical and biological warfare gives us thorough knowledge of the enemy's theoretical potential, thus enabling us to defend ourselves against a foe who might not be as restrained in the use of these techniques as we are."

Trying to counter "theoretical" developments which an enemy has made is saying that you are imaging their level of sophistication and then assuming that they will use those capabilities because they have them. The error in this reasoning is that you will imagine a form of development as far beyond your own as you are afraid or paranoid and have the capacity yourself to academically imagination. The truth is that the enemy may be behind you in development and, if they are more self-confident, be less likely than yourself to use the capabilities they have because of their self-confidence.

1953 - On March 5,
Josif Stalin, USSR Premier, dies, at age 73.
This was to be the first day of action on a new deportation order against Jews intended to provoke a war with the USA. Stalin has, and intends to use a rocket deliverable hydrogen bomb to win over the USA.

Stalin has 3 bodyguards including Peter Vasilievich Logzgachev and Ivan Khrustalev.
The latter is close to Laventi Beria who has directed and contributed to the brutality of the internal security forces for many years. Beria has assisted Stalin in framing, torturing, and murdering many of Stalin's opponents. Now, Beria fears for his own life in the next expected purge. Khrustalev, under orders of Beria, puts poison into Stalin's bottle of booze. Later in the evening, Logzgachev finds Stalin lying in a pool of his own urine on the floor. Suspecting a serious health problem, such as a stroke or coma, the guards call Beria for direction. Beria and his aides downplay the importance of the situation and tell the guards to remain calm and not disturb the "sleeping" Stalin.

After 13 hours, and no change in Stalin's apparent health condition or consciousness, doctors are called to him and report his death shortly thereafter. Khrustalev would die shortly thereafter by mysterious means. The reality of Stalin's death would not be largely revealed until Logzgachev reports it in 1996.

Ironically, many government officers are purged bringing a more moderated foreign policy.
Considering that on March 1, Stalin was in apparently good health and in full control of the party and police, it was an extremely fast bureaucratic movement which resulted in the government changes 2 days after his death. The Central Committee met with the Presidium of the Supreme Soviets and decided to merge the MVD (Ministry of the Interior) and MGB (Ministry of State Security) into one MVD. The Presidium was reduced from 25 to 10 full members and 4 candidates.

On the night of the announcement of Stalin's death, on the 6th, state security troops arrived in Moscow and took complete control of the city. The new MVD was under the command of Laverentiy Beria who controlled the Border Troops, the Internal Security Troops, the Kremlin Guards, the Gulag and Convoy Troops, and the KGB Military Counterintelligence "OO" departments: perhaps a million well trained and equipped men. Near the end of June, Beria would be taken into custody for planning a coup as determined from wiretapping evidence. His former deputy, Sergey Kruglov, immediately replaced him and placed Ivan Serov as his deputy. Beria and 6 associates would be tried for treason and executed on December 23, 1953. Some witnesses say that some of Beria's most prominent and dangerous assistants were executed on the spot with the court simply making it official at a later point. With the major police trials over, Nikita Khrushchev would dump Kruglov as MVD minister before his secret speech at the Twentieth Party Congress in February 1956.

With the death of Stalin, government control assumed in collective leadership by the party presidium:

                             President, Voroshilov; 
                        Prime Minister, Malenkov; 
             1st Deputy Prime Minister, Kaganovich; 
                              Minister, Molotov; 
              Minister of the Interior, Beria; 
                     Minister of Trade, Mikoyan;
                   Minister of Defence, Bulganin; 
1st Secretary of the Central Committee, Nikita S. Khrushchev (1894-1971).  

Following Krushchev's speach, the KGB was chosen as the scapegoat for Stalin's terror with the unofficial persecution beginning with Brezhnev's coming to power in 1964. By that time hardly anyone was left in the KGB who had taken part in the repressions. Immediately after Khrushchev's speech, most of those with blood on their hands were removed from the KGB or transferred to other work.

Stalin was reported as being in good health within hours of his death, save his acute paranoia aided by his alcoholism. Successful flights by the huge rocket launched spaceships which had been developed together with successes in the thermonuclear weapon development program placed Stalin on the verge of putting into orbit a 200 kiloton bomb intended to be exploded over eastern, industrial, U.S.A. His sense of urgency was such that of 2 being built, if the first worked, the second would be sent. The weapons used at Hiroshima and Nagasaki were less than 18 kilotons in size.

Within days of the death of Stalin, stop work orders were sent to the shipyards.
Many newly started cruisers were cancelled or their construction was slowed; battle cruisers were cancelled completely; the proposed aircraft carriers were never laid down. Large numbers of destroyers and submarines were completed, mostly from components already produced, although not all that had been planned.

The BLONDs had been responsible, more than the GRAYs for the successful U.S.A. development of nuclear weapons. They had mentored the developments. Soviet espionage had allowed the Soviets to pace their own technical development with the U.S.A. without the time involved to conduct the development experiments safely. This advantage also meant that the American cost of development of the atomic bomb of $2 billion was largely foregone, suggestively leaving the Soviets in a better position, financially, to focus on thermonuclear and rocket development.

The BLONDs were ethically responsible for what the Americans did with the weapon even as a parent is responsible for what a child does with a gun given over, without effective supervision, to the child. Effective supervision demands the presence of authority to dominate the decisions taken.

The BLONDs, much as they hoped for the American constructive use of the weapon, could not control the use to which American decisionmakers were to put it. Their original intent had been for the weapon to be used as a negotiating tool to end the war. The presence, and misuse of the technology, fully opened its access to the Soviet Union by virtue of the sophisticated methods of covert technical intelligence gathering perfected over decades of experience both in the Soviet states and internationally. American successful thermonuclear weapons tests in the Pacific and elsewhere had led to the Americans beginning further testing and mass production of thermonuclear weapons at the Livermore Laboratory, in March, 1953.

Stalin knew of this by his KGB operatives and decided that the only way to stop a first strike with such weapons against the Soviet Union, delivered by "flying saucers", which he suspected the U.S.A. had secretly developed, was to use his own first strike, from space. Thus the BLONDs were also ethically responsible for the U.S.S.R. level of nuclear development and the use it was put to.

With Stalin dead, there was an immediate vacuum in political leadership, for Stalin had systematically had murdered or executed any likely replacement. The authorities who were informed of his death, kept it secret for 36 hours while plans were implimented for a calm takeover. The immediate concern of the authorities was to keep the U.S.S.R. from falling into anarchy, as was common to its history. On August 8, the U.S.S.R. would detonate its first publicly acknowledged thermonuclear weapon, after a series of delays, beginning in March, instigated by the BLONDs.

1953 - During the year,
"Playboy Magazine" begins in the U.S.A. with a circulation of 70,000.
By 1967 circulation will have risen to 4,000,000.
Its readership is largely the urban professional with university or college education seeking to work up in the ranks of an office-centred environment and having a somewhat technician view of life. The basis of its success is the nude or semi-nude centrefold photograph of evenly proportioned human females with skin imperfections airbrushed out. Gloss, pseudo-high (intellectual) style and conventional material culture are the formula.

Apart from the nudes, .. fiction, interviews, reasonably amusing and bawdy jokes and cartoons, and discussions by academic leaders add to the magazine which is filled out with advertisements of the material life of sensual pleasure. Latest male fashions, sleek cars, fine wines and foods, with advice on when to use them, how and to whom to serve them. There is always the suggestion that sex is part of the successful life and that good-looking women are status symbols. The academically educated, emotionally immature, and experience deficient young North American male is the certain focus.

As the cold war progresses and the Vietnam war intensifies, "Playboy" will expand on the emotional cultural reaction which America responds to World War II and the Korean War with. Running away from domination on other continents, and having dominated the original inhabitants of America, the Americans were unprepared emotionally to take on the position of oppressor-of-other-nations nor equipped spiritually and with historical awareness to respond assertively, communally, towards true peace. The major aim was to stop the aggression and leave rather than to understand the aggression, assist in negotiating a solution, support the means to maintain peaceful co-existence. That is like a passivist stopping two boys from fighting each other, then leaving the scene with the expectation that the two will not rekindle their animosity. This immature "hero" complex is NEVER constructive in human affairs.

When a culture has a "hero" complex, it acts as if the world owes it special treatment.
It has sacrificed (often without being asked to, or, only after much delay during which many others sacrificed) and its participants now emotionally believe they should receive special treatment in the context of material or sensual excess. They have foregone the sensual closeness of family and friends during a period of traumatic stress; now, they are obsessive in trying to fill that sensual void which the trauma has conditioned into the mind.

Readers of "Playboy" represented one indication of a segment of society to which pleasure and leisure had become adored values: signs of success. There was a new feeling that enjoyment was imperative and that to live the full, uninhibited life was everyone's duty. For the emotionally immature, voyeurism supplemented the imagination with an object, a photograph, to replace the loneliness engendered by poor interpersonal communication skills and lack of self-esteem. The magazine played on the day-dream world of the academic intellectual to create a euphoria: a masturbation of the mind. For many years, the image presented of women would be that she was no more than an object to be lusted after and lurched after and displayed.

Hugh Hefner, the originator, believed that U.S. society had too long and too rigorously suppressed good, health heterosexuality. Since its growth had been stunted, all sorts of perversions flourished in its place. "You get healthy sex not by ignoring it but by emphasizing it." Release a man from repression and he will instinctively pursue a "healthy" life in business and sex alike. Hefner would also be quoted later as saying that "sex can become, at its best, a means of expressing the innermost, deepest-felt longings, desires and emotions. And it is when sex serves those ends - in addition to, and apart from, reproduction - that it is lifted above the animal level and becomes most human." Like his readers, Hefner avoided face-to-face contact, communicating by dictation machine and transcription to most of his staff. He obtained most of his information from the outside world by way of the mass media. Hefner viewed his magazine as an economic asset of the U.S.A.:

"A publication that helps motivate a part of society to work harder, to accomplish more, to earn more in order to enjoy more of the material benefits described - to that extent, the publication is contributing to the economic growth of the nation."

Playboy was but one of many indicators which signalled the transition from a hypocritical puritanical society to an openly materialistic society in which the spiritual aspect was not lost, rather, it could not be understood nor appreciated. Striving for survival with sacrifice had evolved into material riches in war through aggression; that now translated into lusty pleasures through obsession in academia and career. But furthest back, expansion in population had necessitated movement into stressful environments, friction with other human groupings, envy, lust, greed, pride, fear, power, anarchy. Humanity now had the power to destroy itself with hydrogen bombs and the material wealth to celebrate the party beforehand.

1953 - On March 24,
"Nancy", a 24 kiloton atomic bomb, the second of the Upshot-Knothole series, was fired at Yucca Flat from a cab on a 300-foot steel tower. The objective was to find out if the weapon would operate as predicted. "Nancy" dumped as much as 75 micro-curies per square meter on Salt Lake City, Utah.

1953 - During the year,
Project HT-Lingual was begun by the CIA, with the cooperation of the postmaster general, such that the mail of American citizens was opened and scrutinized. This led to large numbers of files being set up pertaining to Americans who had no reason to be investigated beyond the fact that they used the mails. It was an American based endeavour by an organization charged with obtaining and analyzing international intelligence. In 1958, the FBI would request permission to begin a similar organization, only to be informed that the CIA had been running one for 5 years. The FBI was the enforcement agency with jurisdiction throughout the U.S.A. so J. Edgar Hoover, its director was not happy. A compromise was struck, and from 1958 onward, the agency shared its information with the bureau, leaving 2 sets of files to be created for each of many Americans.

In fear (lack of faith and trust) and with pride, two of the major law enforcement and intelligence gathering organizations in the U.S., charged with safeguarding the freedoms of their citizens investigated, fully illegally, and deceptively against the freedoms of those citizens.

1953 - In the Spring,
The Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, in California, provided both thermonuclear and atom bombs for test in Nevada State. At first, many were flops or fizzles. The largely young, academic physicists had no experience in building bombs. Initially, they wouldn't believe their own computations which indicated that the bombs were too small. Edward Teller's enthusiasm for very small, very efficient bombs which would provide a unique and non-competitive contribution to weapons technology was at first too radical a departure from what was known and had been done at Los Alamos. Eventually, the adoption of "pre-mortems" to consider all possible ways in which the device could fizzle before it was tested, led to no further failures.

Besides designing a variety of nuclear bomb weapons, warheads for ground-to-air missiles for continental air defense, such as the Nike Ajax, .. the Nike Hercules, and the Bomarc were designed. Also included were warheads for tactical missiles such as the Corporal, the Pershing, and the Redstone; nuclear shells for specially designed nuclear artillery pieces, atomic demolition devices to be used like gigantic mines for slowing an advance; a warhead small enough to be fitted to a bazooka-like device called the Davy Crockett, and all sorts of bombs for use on both land-based and carrier-based short-range aircraft. Also included were nuclear explosives designed for naval applications as mines, and as warheads for torpedoes, and antisubmarine missiles such as the ASROC. In the early 1960s, Secretary of Defense would report that 7000 small nuclear weapons were located in Western Europe alone.

Its first year budget was $3.5 million; its staff numbered 698.
Five years later (1958), the budget was $55 million; its staff over 3,000.
After 10 years (1963), the budget was $127 million; its staff over 5,000.
Shortly after that, the staff stabilized at about 5,500.

These humans were employed totally for the purpose of nuclear weapons design!
With a priority like that, what would happen IF a USA President ever became seriously motivated to advance weapons stabilization or reduction?

1953 - During the year,
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, becomes one of three sites selected for the U.S. Army to test dispersion patterns of chemicals in an attempt to suggest outcomes of nuclear weapons use against specific Soviet Union cities. Winnipeg, Minneapolis, and St. Louis are chosen because their topography is similar to that of the target Soviet Union cities. Zinc cadmium sulfide is blasted into the air and the inhabitants are told that it is only a harmless smokescreen being used to establish wind patterns. Decades later, it is discovered that zinc cadmium sulfide is a cancer causing agent.

1953 - In April, U.S.A.
President Dwight Eisenhower issues an Executive Order to remove Robert Oppenheimer from access to all classified material pending a hearing.

1953 - On April 13,
A CIA "program for the covert use of biological and chemical materials" in experiments for the control of human behavior is approved by Allen Dulles, then director of the CIA, appointed in February.

Similar programs had been in operation previous to this one.
This time American citizens would be used without their prior awareness.
Deputy head of the MKUltra programs and then head of the CIA's Technical Services Staff (TSS), Dr. Sidney Gottlieb, worked closely with the Office of Security and the army's Chemical Corps research and bacteriological warfare centre, at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The drug d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) was of major interest in the search for drugs which would help control people for long periods of time and at long distance. At least several persons died in the experiments and others acquired lasting symptoms which diminished their health and well-being.

1953 - On April 17,
The following words of President Dwight Eisenhower are reported in the New York Times newspaper:

"A life of perpetual fear and tension; a burden of arms draining the wealth and the labor of all peoples; a wasting of strength that defies the American system or the Soviet system or any system to achieve the true abundance and happiness for the people of the earth. Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed. The world i arms is not spending money alone. It is spending the sweat of labourers, the genius of scientists, the hopes of its children. We pay for a single fighter plan with a half million bushels of wheat. We pay for a single destroyer with new homes that would have housed 8000 people. ... This is not a way of life at all, in any true sense. Under the cloud of threatening war, it is humanity, hanging from a cross of iron."

1953 - In April,
"The Tri-Galaxy Government" is formed, following the death of Joseph Stalin in early March.
Officers, largely self-chosen according to circumstantial access to UFO contact and transport craft crash finds, meet with the GRAYS (more recently from Venus and the Moon) and the BLONDS (from the Orion Galaxy and Mars). Humans include officers from the previous MJ-12 (C.I.A., N.S.A., U.S.A.F., U.S. Navy), the K.G.B. Far East Office (Seventh Department), the Soviet Navy, and British Secret Intelligence (MI-6).

An agreement is made that bodies of other galaxy spacepersons recovered, alive of dead, from crashed craft will be returned to their respective cultures. In return, no humans are to be dismembered or killed for biological experimentation by the spacebeings. Further, notice of any nuclear weapons explosions to be tested or intentionally used by any of the human participating governments is to be made in advance to the GRAYS and the BLONDS to lessen the occurrence of crashed UFOs. There is a considerable physical difference between the GRAYS and the other participants and a considerable similarity, physically between humans and BLONDS. In actuality, the GRAYS view the BLONDS and humans as the same, with prejudice. Conversely, humans view the BLONDS as a super race of humans, with prejudice. Only the BLONDS recognize the inherent cultural differences of all parties.

In secret negotiations, the human representatives decide to continue nuclear weapons tests, in spite of the opportunity to end the Cold War, in order to retain a negotiating point with the GRAYS without which they believe the GRAYS will do whatever they please. Human paranoia maintains an anti-survival option in order to survive. What happens if the "Fail Safe" mechanisms fail to fail safely? Humans still know little about the detrimental effects of nuclear fallout; humans do not recognize yet that insect-like physiologies survive nuclear armageddon better than any other Earth lifeform.

The continuing nuclear tests only confirm to the GRAYS that humans should not be trusted because they are a self-destructive lifeform. Further, the human choice reinforces the position of the GRAYS of largely non-interference with human politics based on the expectations that humans will eventually destroy themselves. Any contact with humans longer-term will be on the strategy of preparing to take dominion over the Earth, and encouraging humans to obliterate themselves - like getting rid of pests by starving them into cannibalism. With humans, starving them of their spiritual nature will encourage their inherent destructiveness.

1953 - On April 25,
"Simon", a 43 kiloton atomic bomb, 4 times the yield of the Hiroshima bomb, was fired at Yucca Flat.
A dose of 16 rads was recorded south of the Glendale Junction on Route 93; an uncertain safety limit had been set at 3.9 rads over a 13-week period. A day later, a major radiation hot spot was recorded at Troy, New York, some 2000 miles to the east, where a sharp rain-out occurred. In 1962, information would be released indicating that infants in Troy could have received a total dose of up to 30 rads of radiation from this one-shot contamination. It also dumped 65 micro-curies per square meter on Roswell, New Mexico, and 80 on Albany, New York. Its path would take it over Nevada, Pennsylvania, the Hudson Valley, southern Vermont, and Massachusetts.

1953 - By May,
Paul Jiga and Benjamin Balmores of the Philippines had run out of money from the sale of small stashes of treasure kept from their wartime activities. Neither had expected that Japan would ultimately lose the war and both had taken on new identities as Filipino commoners to avoid attention being drawn to them. They had kept the maps of the concealment locations of the gold bullion gathered under the command of Rear Admiral Kodama Yoshio and hereafter commonly referred to as Yamashita's Gold (General Yamashita Tomoyuki) erroneously. Alcoholic and destitute, they decided to risk making one excavation, at a site near Baguio. They hired two Filipino laborers to do the digging, recovered a mass of gold bars, and then became so paranoid about the circulation of the gold that they refused to pay the diggers.

The labourers went to the law office of Ferdinand Marcos.
Ferdinand, largely a defense lawyer for underworld persons, had associates who were capable of "eliminating" problems and "forcing" negotiations as favours to him in return for past or present services. An "agreement" was struck between Marcos and the two apparent Filipinos, that in return for him keeping most of the gold, he would ensure their survival. To protect themselves, Jiga and Balmores were obliged to take ordinary jobs and live within their means. For decades the story of their real involvement with the gold would remain a secret. If Yoshio ever discovered that they were alive, had stolen the maps, were using the gold, or had told anyone else about it, he would have had them killed.

1953 - In May,
Nikita Khrushchev becomes the First Secretary of the Communist Party.
The short-lived independence of the Navy came to an end.
All military services were subordinated to a new Ministry of Defense under Marshal of the Soviet Union, Nikolai Bilganin, a political officer with limited field experience. Khrushchev instructed the Navy to dispose of all of its large warships and instead build a fleet of submarines and land-based aircraft armed with missiles that could counter Western naval forces, especially the aircraft carriers with their nuclear bombers that could reach into the Soviet Union.

Krushchev believed that war between the USA and the Soviet Union would quickly escalate into a strategic nuclear exchange. Hence, to build up a fleet and army for conventional conflict was wasteful; further, large surface ships were extremely vulnerable to modern weapons. Submarines represented an effective defensive capability as well as a reliable means of launching a missile counter attack. Gradually, the Navy would be converted into an offensive type of long-range armed force. Along with the Strategic Rocket Forces, the Navy had become the most important weapon the Supreme Command had by the mid-1950s.

Admiral Kuznetsov, the head of the Soviet Navy, argued against Krushchev's position and was in favour of a large conventional surface fleet, even as Stalin had been. By January 6, 1956, Kuznetsov would be replaced by Admiral S.G. Gorshkov, who appreciated the role which German submarines had played in WWII by sinking much of the English and American shipping; he would also be able to acknowledge the role that submarines could make in the event that the USSR had to go to war against either the USA or Britain. He accelerated the missile programs.

1953 - On May 19,
"Dirty Harry", the 9th atomic bomb test in the Upshot-Knothole series was detonated from a 300-foot tower.
1734 tons of fallout was deposited and radiation levels of over 11.5 rads were detected many miles away.
In St George, over 100 miles away, radiation peaked at 5.2 rads; 1230 times the permissible limit, and stayed that way for 16 days. This was the 29th test; in this series alone more than 252 kilotons of nuclear blasts would be detonated - the equivalent of 20 Hiroshimas. "Harry" hit Grand Junction, Colorado, with 55 and Albuquerque, New Mexico, with 40.

1953 - On May 21,
A Kingman, Arizona UFO crash site was investigated by an engineer involved in Atomic Energy Commission work with the USAF and other persons. They were taken in blacked-out buses to a desert site near Kingman. The craft, a 30 foot diameter disc, appeared to be constructed of an unfamiliar metal, similar to aluminum. It had impacted 20 inches into the sand without any signs of structural damage. An opened hatchway was 3-1/2 feet long and 1/2 foot wide. Inside the craft were 2 swivel seats, oval cabin and lots of instrumentation and displays. A tent pitched nearby contained the body of the suspected pilot, under guard. It was approximately 4 ft. tall and had a brown complexion, two eyes, a small round mouth, two nostrils [no nose?], and two ears. It wore a silvery metallic-like suit and a skull cap of the same material.

1953 - On May 25,
An atomic-cannon test shot was fired by the AEC in Utah.
A herder's wife who was trailing sheep at the time in the Hamlin Valley on the western Utah border received blistering over all her exposed body from the fallout. She lost her fingernails and toenails and large chunks of her hair came out on combing. She experienced extreme nausea and became weak and tired. Suspecting radiation sickness, she went to the AEC clinic where she was told she would receive a full report. Months later, none was issued. For decades to follow, the AEC would maintain that such experiences were not the result of radiation exposure.

1953 - Toward the end of May,
USA President Dwight D. Eisenhower explicitly threatens the USSR and China with the use of nuclear weapons to end the Korean War. At the same time, he orders a sharp escalation of the air war over North Korea. Eisenhower expected that such an ultimatum would shock the USSR and China and that they would concede the war. Stalin had been murdered several months before and with the long-tenured dictator gone, the Soviet Union was still reorganizing politically. Unknown to Eisenhower, the USSR had the means to deliver nuclear weapons from space, but those connected with the Soviet space program would not now have supported such a decision. China had no nuclear weapons, but this move would motivate it to develop them. Eisenhower had been elected President in November on a platform of ending the war. His Vice-President was Richard M. Nixon.

1953 -
Dr. John McLaughlin, a medical officer for the Hughes Aircraft Corporation, reported to his employer that he had identified between 75 and 100 cases of unexplained bleeding tendency, as well as significant excess of leukemias and brain tumors among Hughes workers exposed to low-strength microwaves.

1953 - Since 1953,
Airline pilots in the U.S.A. have been required not to disclose to the public information about UFO sightings.
In January, the CIA insisted that the Air Force create the "Robertson Panel".
The Office of Scientific Intelligence held a series of meetings in the Pentagon from January 13 to 17.
Most of the scientists on the panel were sceptics and CIA agents led the discussions.
The intent was to quell public fear by providing clear statements of cause to sightings and incidents which determined that the phenomenon were mundane or the witnesses lacking in credibility. The USAF, in cases where there was a possible answer, were to state that it was a definite answer. Ridicule and authority were to remove the aura of mystery which surrounded the UFO phenomenon.

In the space of 3 days, the panel did what the Air Force had been unable to do in the previous 5 years - they explained the whole UFO phenomenon. The names of all members of the panel were not made known to the public until 1975. They further concluded that UFOs posed no threat to the security of the United States and that they were not dangerous. On that basis, they chose a direction of debunking everything with the purpose: "this education could be accomplished by mass media such as television, motion pictures, and popular articles ... Such a program should tend to reduce the current gullibility of the public and consequently their susceptibility to clever hostile propaganda."

Afterwards, J. Allen Hynek criticised the explanations offered by the panel.
Ed Ruppelt was ordered to debunk sightings and ridicule witnesses.
It is standard intelligence technique to flood a leak of information with disinformation so that the enemy, in this case, the American public and the rest of the world, would not know how much was good and how much was bad. With the Roswell and other secret findings, the CIA may have been more interested in keeping the information they had already, protected as valuable defense information.

1953 - By June,
"a saucer crashed in a desert area" just inside the Arizona border, was stated by a pilot.
He had also seen the bodies first-hand at Wright-Patterson AFB.
The crates arrived at night by DC-7. Description of bodies: Approx. 4 ft.
Resting unshrouded on special blanket of dry ice.
Heads were hairless, narrow, disproportionately large for their bodies.
Skin had brown tint. Open eyes, small mouth, indistinct nose, hands and feet.
Wore tight fitting, dark coloured suits. One alien appeared to be female.
One alien had been alive at the crash site but attempts to save its life with oxygen failed.

1953 - During the year,
"War of the Worlds", an American science fiction movie is released to North American audiences.
Loosely based on H.G. Well's 1898 novel of the same name, cinematographers demonstrated that they could make unlikely events appear to happen to the viewer. Barre Lyndon wrote the screenplay; it was produced by George Pal, and Leith Stevens composed the musical score designed to elicit feelings of anxiety, confusion, suspense, terror.

The story told how intelligent beings from Mars which possessed high technology much superior to that of humanity, had left their dying planet and came to Earth as their possible new home. Many people are shown as being interested in how they can best exploit this newly arrived technology; others believe that the UFOs which have been seen are only meteorites. Mention is made of human scientists working on the development of a nuclear engine.

In an unfortunate but realistic mirroring of typical human political reaction, the newly evident technology is assumed to be in the hands of a malevolent culture. Expectations are confirmed when persons approaching the "Martians" in peace are destroyed. Mass media begins to report that "cylinders" are being seen landing all over the world; reports of destruction and massacre become numerous. The landing of the spaceships results in local magnetic forces changing. A tact is taken by the human leaders to shoot first and negotiate later. An individual attempt is made at making contact and peace, and fails. What follows quickly is a planned attack against the invading spaceships - with no influences being apparent. Terror spreads throughout humanity as a reaction to the power which the Martians appear to have and a unified resistance develops. All technology-based communication is destroyed by the invaders and Washington, D.C. becomes the last unassailed location.

An institution termed the "Pacific Institute of Science and Technology" considers the problem.
It is recognized that 3 UFOs appear to emerge from each cylinder that is landing.
A decision is made to prepare to use atomic weapons, the most destructive to humans, against the "enemy".
A USAF Flying Wing bomber, one of the newest aircraft models of the era, is chosen to drop the bomb - which represents the most powerful weapon yet built by humans (the hydrogen "Superbomb"), which has not yet been tested.

The story continues to unfold in the San Gabriel hills of California, convenient to Hollywood, where the military reports that all radio and cable communication is inoperative, yet radar still works? It is calculated that the Martians are capable of conquering, or destroying, all of humanity within a period of 6 days. All of the society looks to scientists, as the gods of technology and intelligence to provide answers to this dire situation. It is deduced that the "Martians" cannot be beat with technology. At the seemingly last moment for salvation, the Martians begin to die off - a result of some form of bacteria in the Earth's atmosphere. In the concluding frames of the movie, the salvation of humanity is credited to God who, in wisdom, placed bacteria on the Earth to produce this miracle of destruction of the Martians.

Several items are best to be noted here:

a) Government honest would have discourage such single-mindedness; 
b) Scientists were portrayed as technical and intellectual wizards;
c) The motives of the "Martians" were projections of human ones;
d) Destructive-to-human forces were assumed to influence all life;
e) Public ignorance about technology was exploited;
f) Images of destruction imprinted negative attitudes in viewers;
g) Preoccupation with the technical theme encourages dependency;
h) The influence of God is presented as an afterthought;
i) God must have created the "martians" as well as the humans.

1953 - On June 24,
A UFO collides with 2 jets west of Quonset Point, USA.
A USAF Emergency Intelligence Report states that the collision happened at 2130 E and American and Eastern Airlines pilots reported the UFO. The jets fell in flames 15 miles west of Quonset Point.

1953 - During July,
Lewis Strauss becomes the third chairman of the AEC.
He immediately orders Robert Oppenheimer to return all of the classified materials which he still has in his possession. Oppenheimer realised that the AEC did not have a choice at this point due to the Executive Order in April.

Oppenheimer elects to face a hearing, otherwise the charges of spying will stay on his record.
(see April 12, 1954)

1953 - On July 19,
The observation of a UFO over Oak Ridge, Tennesee was mentioned in a Confidential Message to the Adjutant General, Wash, 25 D.C. An F-86 aircraft was observed in flight over the Oak Ridge residential area by a writer and his wife. While observing the F-86 through 6X power binoculars, a UFO, black in colour, moved out of a high white cloud directly over the area where the F-86 had been circling. The UFO began circling at a tremendous speed for at least 5 minutes. It appeared at times to be cigar-shaped and at other times to be round in shape. No sound or visible means of propulsion was observed from the UFO. It flew away at tremendous speed for 3 miles where it was joined by 2 other UFOs into a "V" formation and sped away.

1953 - During July,
Dr.B. who had emigrated from Britain to the U.S.A. before WWII, taught at West Coast colleges, and been appointed a high-grade physicist at an Army research installation, received notice of charges against him from the Loyalty Board. Statements expressing admiration for Communism had been attributed to him. (He replied that, on the contrary, he had spoken out strongly against Communism. (The accuser turned out to be a highly paranoid woman colleague with whom he had been engaged in an FDR-versus-Dewey dispute: she was later committed to a home for the mentally ill.)

He was also accused of having made a trip to Russia. (He had gone sightseeing between the wars.) At the hearing, new charges were produced: that he opposed American aid to Greece; that he had said that at some time he had been secretary of a Fascist group in England, therefore he might be a Communist (!); that he favoured socialized medicine in England; and that he belonged to a group that held political discussions. A year after his hearing he was informed that he was not suitable for government employment, an added reason being that in the 1930s "he was very active in the British Labour Party, at a time when Communists were attempting to infiltrate the Party." Dr. B. returned to England in disgust. This is an example representative of common situations.

1953 - By July,
Walter B. Smith, Director of the USA CIA, notifies the "Psychology Strategy Board" that "Flying Saucers" have implications for psychological warfare as well as for intelligence and operations. Suggests discussion on the possible Psychological Warfare offensive or defensive utilization of these phenomenon for psychological warfare purposes.

Psychological warfare may and frequently is used against the citizens of one's own state in order to unify the populace, through fear and misdirection, against a singular political foe as defined by the ruling decisionmakers. An "enemy of the state" need not be as closely defined as that of another state. It has taken the form, in human history, of a threatening (to the ruling authorities) religion or scientific concept, a group of persons who are materially privileged, persons who are disadvantaged by their level of intelligence or education and may apply equally well to individuals or groups or concepts.

1953 - On July 26,
Fidel Castro and his followers attack the Cuban Army barracks in Santa Clara and defeat Batista.
Castro becomes Premier and institutes a basic form of socialist government in Cuba.
For the first time, a political leader tries to govern the country in a way such that all Cubans will benefit from a good education, universal health care and employment and good nutrition. Many but not all of his efforts will succeed.

Batista had allowed American Mafia and criminals to operate extensive gambling and such enterprises in the major cities of Cuba, largely for his own personal gain. As the Cold War would grow between the USA and the USSR, American fear and paranoia about Communism would promote a myth of past capitalist enterprise under the direction of Batista and the desired deficiencies of 'Communism" under the direction of Castro. In reality, many of the failures of the Cuban policies were contributed to by the USA State Department trade barriers mounted against Cuba and the sabotaging of industry by CIA sponsored agents.

Castro's leadership would outlast the governing terms of 9 American Presidents, most of which would proudly declare his imminent failure.

1953 - On July 26,
Seven UFos were sighted near Perrin Tower, Texas.
In an Emergency message to Air Defense Command, the 7 UFOs were described as hovering at an altitude of 5 to 8 thousand feet near Perrin Tower. They were visually observed by citizens of Denison and Sherman, Texas. The UFOs were grouped in a Z (Zebra) formation, and were seen to circle to higher altitudes before fading from sight. Each UFO had one bright red light on it.

1953 - On July 27,
The Korean War ends.
An end of hostilities is signed but no peace treaty would evolve before the end of the 1990s!
China and the USSR withdrew their support for the war.

1953 - On July 29,
An enormous bridge was observed on the Moon by an American reporter for a scientific journal through his telescope.
The bridge was located in "Mare Crisium" and was at least 20 kilometres long.
Reporting it to several professional American astronomers, they ridiculed him without looking for themselves. The British astronomer Wilkins, who took the time to personally verify this account, and who also reported seeing a huge bridge between two hills in Mare Crisium.

1953 - By August,
A UFO crash had happened near Camp Polk, Louisiana.
USA Army private H.J. (initials) under Sgt. R.S. (initials) in Company B was ordered to stay by the saucer-shaped craft until an ambulance and superior officers arrived. Three beings walked away from the crash. One was carried away on a stretcher. All eventually died, after being taken to a storage facility near Washington, D.C. Alien description: Large helmeted heads, tight fitting suits, legs stiff when they walked, 3.5 to 4.0 feet tall, used foreign language.

1953 - On August 8,
Premier Georgy Malenkov, of the U.S.S.R. announces that the Soviet Union has built a hydrogen bomb.
It is detonated on August 12, on a tower.
It vapourizes the tower and produces a huge crater with a yield that was estimated as 200 kilotons.
It utilized both lithium deuteride as fuel and the Teller-Ulam arrangement for igniting it.
The test occurred 9 months before the first deliverable U.S. hydrogen bomb test, in March 1954.
Unknown until much later, the U.S.S.R. had started its hydrogen bomb project shortly after WWI ended.
Feeling more secure, the U.S.A. did not begin their's until almost 2 years later.
Klaus Fuchs continued to pass secrets from the U.S.A. program until late 1950.

The event has taken place only weeks after the Korean War has ended in a general truce with the 38th parallel roughly dividing North Korea from the South. A treaty would never be signed and American troops would remain in the South.

America required a scapegoat for why/how the USSR had been able to complete the H-bomb: J. Robert Oppenheimer was chosen. He had made enemies in the USAF by opposing the Strategic Air Command (SAC) doctrine that bombers would always get through to the enemy; he had opposed one of their cherished projects, the atomic-powered airplane. Oppenheimer was unusually vulnerable. Congressmen disliked him because he was dismissive to those whom he felt were not as intelligent as he. He was technically gifted and had been friendly with Communists and leftists before the war. During WWII he had failed to report for 8 months an attempt to recruit him into Soviet espionage. Now, the Soviets possessed an H-bomb of more advanced design than the American development.

By November, William L. Borden, an executive with Westinghouse and a former executive director of the Joint Congressional Committee on Atomic Energy, wrote to J. Edgar Hoover of the F.B.I., that "based upon years of study of available classified information, more probably than not, J. Robert Oppenheimer is an agent of the Soviet Union." Under intensive scrutiny for 11 years, his mail had been opened, his phone tapped, his home and office bugged; he had been questioned by the FBI and Army Intelligence on more than a dozen occasions. Still, it would not be confirmed for another 40 years that Oppenheimer had really been a Soviet agent for some undefined period of time. Under the weight of the suggestions, President Eisenhower removed Oppenheimer's access to all classified information. On June 29, 1954, Oppenheimer's security clearance would be revoked.

U.S.A. reaction also takes the form of a second American nuclear weapons laboratory being constructed at Livermore, California, eventually doubling the size of the American nuclear weapons development program.

1953 -
"An employee of the Department of the Army" is secretly dosed during an MK-Ultra CIA experiment with LSD.
He is allowed to jump to his death from a 10th floor hotel window in New York City, all the while believing, under the influence of the drug, that he can fly. Obviously, the perceptual reality of the illusion and the individual's desire for autonomy were a deadly combination.

1953 - On the night of August 9-10,
The Chief Ground Observer Corps Observer reported a sighting a UFO over Moscow, Idaho.

1953 - On August 12,
The first Soviet thermonuclear device - "JOE 4" was tested in the early morning.
It was the fourth Soviet test announced by the USA; there had been at least 5 Soviet nuclear tests.
The explosion took place on a tower, the purpose, evidently being to reduce the fallout hazard.
The explosion vaporized the steel tower and its concrete footings, and left a huge crater in its place. A number of scientists, including Kurchatov, were able to drive directly into the crater in tanks soon after the explosion, so it was evidently more like a shallow bowl-like depression. The area surrounding the point where the tower had been was covered by "yellow lumpy glass" which became thinner further from the epicenter.

The yield has been conjectured as above between 200 and 300 kilotons.
It used the lithium deuteride principle.

1953 - On August 20,
An object "Like A Ball Of Fire" was seen near Pres de Cronat, France.

1953 - During the year,
At least 10 more crashed disc-UFOs were recovered along with 26 dead and 4 live spacebeings.
This was an active year for thermonuclear test shots in the Nevada area with at least 29 being detonated in the "Upshot-Knothole Series" by the AEC before May 20 by the AEC. So dangerous and unprepared were the scientists involved that they hardly understood the potential dangers of the EMP (electromagnetic pulse) being generated by each blast to advanced as well as simple magnetic technologies. The large number of crashed discs was a cause for concern amongst Intelligence staff and the Executive Office of the U.S.A. Government. It looked like a possible invasion might happen, that the public would find out and panic, that the aliens would hold the Americans responsible for the unintended crashes and mount their own "grudge" program.

The GRAYS, who represented the affected spacebeing group, were obviously upset and confused by the events. Contact was made with humans and it was relayed that the problem was the generated EMP. It disabled the craft which were in the area for surveillance to understand why the unusual planetary nuclear reactions were happening, they having been detected far into space. It seemed completely unintelligible as to why humans were "wasting" such energies for what appeared to have little more significance than diminishing the quality of the environment in order for a small number of people to observe a "firecracker".

Even though the GRAYS had made possible the development of the atomic and hydrogen bombs, they assumed that humans would only develop it if it were needed - meaning if it were going to be used. A highly technologically advanced and spiritually superior but not highly spiritual culture, they had expected that sufficient use would have been made of the early weapons to establish peace or annihilation; they did not care which conclusion was reached so long as it resulted in getting humans to a stage where they could accept the GRAYs with tolerance on the planet, or, resulted in getting rid of this species that appeared determine to destroy the physical and spiritual environment of an amazing planet.

In August, the GRAYs negotiated that if they were provided with a notice of future nuclear tests, no crashes would follow. In addition, those whom they negotiated with would make arrangements for GREY bases in "protected" locations and would agree to allow the GRAYS to "experiment" on humans as long as the humans were not dissected, malformed or killed. The human negotiators, in projecting their own iniquities on the spacebeings expected that without offering assistance to the spacebeings, the latter might destroy them in vengeance for the crashes or prevent them on improving American civil and military defenses. It was evident that the GRAYS had little respect for our intelligence or lack thereof and had no intentions of transferring any further insights into their technology or of become party to what they saw as self-imposed turmoil.

At this point, unknown to the Americans, two land bases were already in existence in remote regions with the remainder of the GRAYS orbiting the earth in holding positions over the equator, outside of human detection: one in mid-Pacific and one in mid-Atlantic. Both of these locations, then and now are in geomagnetically stable locations devoid of all human generated electromagnetic "noise" and climactically devoid of electrical storms. The mother ships were cylindrical objects 10 miles in length by 2 miles in diameter and would be sighted in later years in other locations. One Earth base was in New Mexico near the Montana border; the other was on the Nevada-California state border at approximately the same longitude.

This is why of the 13 crashed discs found in the U.S.A. between January 1947 and December 1952, 10 were found in New Mexico. During 1953, of the 10 additional discs recovered, 4 would be found in Arizona State, possibly enroute from the California-Nevada border site to the New Mexico base and clearly within range of the EMP generated at the Nevada nuclear test sites. This data would also account for the crashes in Nevada, and Texas (on route to the Atlantic base) with the Montana crash being an exploratory flight. Singular crashes in Norway, Louisiana State and South Africa are less obvious in their probable cause for disaster, although severe electrical storms in addition to major sunspot activity are plausible explanations.

1953 - During September,
An additional $385 million in military assistance to France for the war in Vietnam is agreed to by the USA administration.
It would support the plan outlined by General Henri Navarre, appointed in May, 1953, to command French forces in Indochina.

Tailored to meet many of the specifications set down earlier by the USA Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Navarre Plan called for a vast augmentation of the Vietnamese National Army and for the establishment of a new training program, along with the commitment to Indochina of an additional 9 battalions of French regulars. Navarre proposed to withdraw his scattered forces from their garrisons, combine them with the new forces available to him, and initiate a major offensive to drive the Vietminh from its stronghold in the Red River Delta. In a secret report to Paris, Navarre warned that the war could NOT be won in a strictly military sense and that the best that could be hoped for was a draw. The Laniel French cabinet adopted the plan as a last-ditch effort to save face and attached a $400 million price tag in American aid for its implementation. With the compulsive attitudes of the American leadership, the plan was adopted.

1953 -
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey, of the University of Chicago, use a spark discharge apparatus - to simulate a suggested prebiotic reducing atmosphere of ammonia, methane, water vapour and hydrogen, and then, subject the mixture to the influence of artificial lightning (spart dischage). The initially clear water in the apparatus gradually darkens to a deep red by the end of the first week. 15% of the carbon in the original gases had by then combined with other parts to form 19 organic compounds, nuclei, bases, sugars, nucleosides and nucleotides. Subsequent reaction on various natural catalytic surfaces - mica, lava, etc., led to the formation of polymers found in biological systems.

Quick to assume, many scientists would use these results to support the view of spontaneous chemical creation of life.

1953 - During September,
The REDS contacted the Brazilian authorities to arrange a meeting with the "leader" of the human world on Earth.
In a common manner, communication was transferred along to the military.
Brazil was chosen because of its proximity to the Atlantic equatorial GREY base.
They had connection with the U.S.A. by way of Nelson Rockefeller who had established good terms with the Brazilian military which exerted authority over economic and political areas. The U.N. (United Nations) was politically a new organization and in the perception of the Brazilian military, because of the U.S.A. domination of U.N. activities during the Korean War, the U.S.A. was seen as more representative of real world leadership. The Brazilians contacted the American Executive Office and set up a meeting which took place 4 days later in Brazil.

The REDS looked much more similar to humans than did the GRAYS.
They warned the Americans against making any arrangements with the GRAYS and offered to assist in the spiritual development of the nation if the leaders concurred. The REDS demanded that humans (understood by the Americans to mean 'the Americans') destroy all of their nuclear weapons as the major condition of assisting our spiritual development. They refused to exchange technology citing that humans were spiritually unable to handle the technology which we already possessed; we would use an new technology as we did in the past - against our neighbours. They further stated that we were on a path of self-destruction and we must stop killing each other, stop polluting the Earth, stop raping the Earth's natural resources, and learn to live in harmony.

The Americans viewed these terms with extreme suspicion.
Being largely from a military background, they did not communicate assertively with the REDS.
Assuming most and asking little, they did not clarify the terms presented and simply took them to be an ultimatum. Giving up nuclear weapons unilaterally suggested to the U.S.A. that they would be left helpless against attack from the U.S.S.R. or any future nuclear state. It was difficult for persons with poor spiritual skills from a society of depressed, insecure, money-oriented individuals to imagine what strengths a highly spiritual society might have. It is difficult to have confidence in something which may determine your life or death and which you neither understand or have any experience with. Evidence was given in the religious literature yet the test was that political leaders viewed such evidence as myths - fabricated stories, not reality. Nelson Rockefeller was sent as the main contact as he and Eisenhower had begun working on an "alien" task force earlier. Rockefeller, in knowledge of the GRAYS, and believing in the power which he possessed, pledged to financially back the plans they had already prepared to present to the GRAYS.

    Christian Bible: Psalm 31 - 5 
      Into thine hand I commit my spirit: thou hast redeemed me, O Lord God of truth.

    Christian Bible: Proverbs 16 - 18, 32 
                 Pride goeth before destruction, and an haughty spirit before a fall.
                        He that is slow to anger is better than the mighty; 
                            and he that ruleth his spirit than he that taketh a city.

    Christian Bible: St. John 4 - 24 
  God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth.

    Christian Bible: Romans 8 - 1, 2, 5 
   There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, 
                                  who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.
For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death.
               For they that are after the flesh do mind the things of the flesh; 
                          but they that are after the Spirit the things of the Spirit.

    Christian Bible: II Corinthians: 3 - 17 
   Now the Lord is that Spirit: and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty.

    Christian Bible: Galatians 6-8 
               he that soweth of the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap life everlasting.

1953 -
Dwight D. Eisenhower, Republican, becomes President of the U.S.A. and holds the office until 1961.
A new positive foreign policy was introduced under the direction of Secretary of State John Foster Dulles. Proceeding from the premise of a permanent conflict between Communism and American power in the world, the 'long-range policy' envisaged the 'roll-back' of Communism by means of military alliances and foreign aid.

He experiences a heart attack in September, which raises concerns which parallel a severe drop in the stock market.

1953 - Beginning in 1953,
Rockwell Kent, a 70-year-old American artist, was prevented from leaving his country to visit relatives in Ireland for the purpose of painting because of his alleged beliefs.
In 1940 he had written:

"I am not a Communist. It is, however, not true that I feel the least abhorrence of those socialist principles for the promotion of which the Communist Party is organized."

In 1953, he was told by the USA State Department that he would not be granted a passport "to travel anywhere for any purpose." He refused on principle to swear the non-Communist affidavit, arguing that only citizenship was relevant. In 1957, the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia ordered the Department to grant Kent a quasi-judicial hearing and to explain to him the reasons for the denial, but the Court did not insist on the disclosure of the confidential informants. The State Department complied and then again refused to issue Kent a passport.

In a companion case, "Briehl v. Dulles", the Court of Appeals argued that since the days of the English kings the executive had possessed the right to restrict travel. It being now a period of national emergency, the Secretary of State had not exceeded his powers. Judges Bazelon and Edgerton, dissenting, found that Congress had delegated to the President only the power to delimit certain geographical areas for travel, not categories of people. "We have temporized too long with the passport practices of the State Department," said Edgerton.

"The Secretary proposes to continue restricting the personal liberty of a citizen because statements by informants whom the Secretary does not identify have led him to think that if the citizen goes abroad he will do something, the nature of which the Secretary does not suggest, which the secretary thinks, for reasons known only to him, will be contrary to what, for reasons known only to him, he conceives to be the "national interest".

In 1958, the Supreme Court broke the State Department's stranglehold by ruling in "Kent v. Dulles" that the right to travel can be removed only with due process under the Fifth Amendment, including the right to know and cross-examine hostile informants. Although the Nationality Act of 1952 did accord discretion to the Secretary of State, it did not, the Court ruled, give him authority to withhold passports because of people's beliefs or associations. The Supreme Court decisions of 1958 inspired a passionate countercampaign by the State Department to regain such powers as it had exercised.

This practice of hypocracy by a nation which spoke of freedom in the mass media promotions while taking it away, on the basis of personal whim, gossip, and paid informants - in bureaucratic behind-the-scenes actions affected thousands.

1953 - In the October issue of The Space Review published by "The International Flying Saucer Bureau" (IFSB),
Albert K. Bender, the editor, announced that the solution to the flying saucer mystery was "approaching its final stages" but that "it was not the proper method and time to publish the data in Space Review". Then it was mentioned that "the source is known ... but any information about this is being withheld by orders from a higher source". With that, Bender suspended publication to his several hundred subscribers with the statement "We advise those engaged in saucer work to please be very cautious."

Shortly afterwards, he gave an interview in which he stated he had been visited by "three men wearing dark suits" who had ordered him "emphatically" to stop publishing material about flying saucers. He said he had been "scared to death" and that he "actually couldn't eat for a couple of days". After their visit, he had headaches, lapses of memory and was plagued by strange odours. Others with similar experiences would complain of the same symptoms. It is unknown if these were acute stress symptoms relating to the fear component of the experience or a reaction to some form of radiation or other factor.

In the future similar incidents would be referred to as "The Men in Black" and there is considerable evidence to support the statement that a top secret unit was set up for just such purposes in order to further conceal such information from the public for a variety of reasons. The question remains as to whether they are/were humans or aliens and whether they were working independently or directly with U.S.A. senior military.

In 1963, Bender would release a book "Flying Saucers and the Three Men in Black" in which he would introduce the prospect of a "female counterpart team of 3 women in white". Both females and males had "glowing eyes" over which they frequently wore sunglasses for concealment. Other sightings and references would describe them as having "Gypsy" or "Oriental" features; dark, straight hair; short and delicately built; olive complexions.

1953 - In October,
The Darlington Case of Ohio took place.
A man, wife and 13-year-old son were sitting down at dinner.
As they sat there, the lights in the farmhouse began to dim.
Dogs and animals raised a ruckus outside.
The boy got up from the table to see what was going on.
He called his mother and father to come and look at the funny light in the sky.
The father and mother went outside onto the porch.
When they got out on the porch, one of the dogs broke loose from its leash at the side of the house and came running around to the front.
The boy began chasing after it into an open field.
As the mother and father watched, the light descended from the sky.
They later described it as a round ball of fire.
It began to hover over the field where the boy and the dog had ran into.

As they stood and watched, the mother and father heard the boy start screaming for help, whereupon the father grabbed his shotgun, which was right next to the door and ran out into the field with his wife following behind. When the father got to the field he saw his son being carried away by what looked like little men into the huge fiery-looking object. As it took off the father fired several rounds at the object, with no influence. The parents found the dog with its head crushed but no sign of the boy or any other footprints of the little men who apparently carried him off.

The father immediately called the Darlington police and they immediately came out to investigate.
The official report read that the boy had run off and was lost in the forest which bordered the farm.

Within 48 hours, the USAF made the determination that the family was to be relocated and the mother and father were picked up by USAF Intelligence personnel and relocated with all of their personal belongings by USAF trucks to a northwestern relocation site.

The mother was in shock and had to go through a great deal of psychotherapy and deprogramming as did the father. The USAF classification afforded the report was CE-3 and for the good of "national security" the parents had been relocated to zone Z21-14 (?). According to the report there were at least 4 relocation sites across the United States. Depending upon which type of encounter these people had, the report indicated that there were extensive medical facilities available at the relocation sites to deal with all medical emergencies up to and including radiation poisoning. The report mentioned a site located in the Utah-Nevada area, but no indication of its purpose.

In line with the psychological practices of the time, both parents were lobotomized and remained in an institutionalized work-and-care centre until they died some years later. The body of the son was never recovered. It was one of more than 100 humans abducted and utilized by a visiting spaceperson exploration unit for the purpose of biological classification, inquiry and experimentation. There were no survivors. They were treated as well, or as poorly, as humans treated their laboratory biology test and experimentation specimens of the period. Think about it.

1953 - By November,
Mr. D., A physicist hired by a Midwestern American Industrial company which had put in an application to request a security clearance for him began to wait. By May, 1954, the company's request for his clearance was refused by the Security Board's Screening Division on the ground that the Daily Worker had been seen in his home "on numerous occasions." Mr. D. strenuously denied this and produced supporting affidavits from those who visited his home and from his mailman. When he appealed, he was additionally charged with having attended a campus meeting against lynching sponsored by a subversive organization, and with having changed his name in the 1930s. Finally he was cleared. However, his company had already forced him to resign by threatening to blacklist him throughout the profession if he did not; consequently the Industrial Security Board did not compensate him. He became an associate professor at an Eastern university. This is representative of many other instances.

1953 -
Lieutenant Felix Moncla, Jr. and Lieutenant R.R. Wilson USAF personnel were scrambled into action with their all-weather F-89C interceptor from Kinross Air Force Base on November 23 to investigate a sudden appearance on radar of an unknown object flying over the restricted area of Soo Locks, south of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. Guided by ground radar, the jet flew west at a speed exceeding 500 mph. Just as the F-89 appeared to be closing in on the target, the ground radarmen watched the 2 merge and disappear.

Search and rescue were alerted to the area 70 miles off Keweenaw Point over Lake Superior.
No traces have ever been found. Moncla's widow and the public were informed that the jet had flown too low while identifying a Canadian airliner and had crashed into the lake. In error, a second officer was sent to Moncla's widow to offer condolences and told her that the jet had exploded at a high altitude, destroying plane and occupants. Further, the USAF stated that the F-89 had in fact intercepted an RCAF C-47. Later, interested groups and the media were told by the RCAF that there were no records of an incident involving RCAF aircraft in the Lake Superior area on that date. These stories were later proven to be false.

1953 - By December,
USAF Lieutenant Mel Noel, 2 pilots and a commanding colonel are part of a 1953-1954 USAF assignment oriented toward the search for UFOs. On 3 different occasions they would see groups of UFOs: a group of 16; a group of 5; another group of 5. Noel communicated with one of the spacebeings during the 3rd flight and the commanding colonel later met with the beings and boarded their spacecraft.

1953 - By December,
A round, thin disc with 2 tailfins at the rear was encountered over Salisbury Plain, England.
Flight Lt. C.G. Townsend-Withers was flying an experimental Canberra aircraft at 55,000 ft. when he picked up on the new experimental radar a UFO following his plane. The science officer went up to the turret for a visual and spotted the circular craft 5 miles behind them. They tried to outpace the UFO by accelerating to 225 knots but it kept up with their plane. Townsend-Withers initiated a wide sweeping turn and lost radar contact with the UFO only to find himself on a direct visual collision course with the UFO. Then the UFO flipped vertically in the air and climbed from 50 to 70 thousand feet, as quickly as you could say it. The craft left no vapour trail, wake or detectable sound, it vanished within a couple of seconds into a blue sky.

1953 - On December 8,
A CIA Evaluation of the UFO situation noted that they were pleased that the number of reported sightings had decreased dramatically, due, it was believed, to ....

1953 - During December,
USA President Dwight D. Eisenhower addressed the United Nations.
He offered to provide fissionable material and nuclear technology, free, under UN aegis, to other countries. Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace proposal was considered to be his own idea, one readily accepted by the rest of the world. In time, it led to the creation of the International Atomic Energy Authority. He also directed Dulles's own department to establish the United ....

1953 - In mid-December,
Imelda Romualdez met Ferdinand Marcos, in the Philippines, where they both had grown up and lived.
She had been a clerk for a time in the Central Bank.
She had attended many parties, given by her cousins, of whom the guests were business and political socialites.
She had a beautiful singing voice, immature emotions and low class in manners, choice of literature and clothes.
She had run for the Miss Manila Beauty contest against the wishes of her family.
Many people believed that the successful contestants had given sexual favours to the contest judge.
With the sponsorship of the Philippine Women's University, Imelda still lost the title to Norma Jimenez.
Imelda pleaded with the mayor, who overturned the judge's decision.
Scandal, rumours and gossip abounded. In the end, neither young woman was chosen to be Miss Philippines at the international beauty contest.

By the same time, Imelda, had taken to dating a divorced man, a Catholic seeking annulment from the Roman Catholic Church, a lengthy process. Imelda's father, Orestes, argued against her continuing as a Catholic marriage was considered still a marriage even if annulled; anything that followed was perceived as sequential polygamy. This was sheer hypocracy for a man who had married twice, had extramarital affairs, and been abusive in every major way to his second wife.

A spiritually uplifting spousal relationship has seldom been the focus of human institutionalized religious regulations. Often praised, the structure and preparation provided to attain such an aim is usually of a contradictory nature. For the Roman Catholic Church this process has always worked well. The more dysfunctional a marriage is, the more penances the followers must say; the more authority the follower surrenders to the institution; the greater the sense of guilt and lowered self-esteem the follower feels, and, the greater the material gifts which the church is likely to receive - either voluntarily, or, coercively on the suggestion of a clearer soul.

1953 - On December 16,
British Air Force Flight Lieutenant C. B. Russell prepared a document for Senior Air Staff Officer No 11 group, entitled "Reports on Aerial Phenomenon" which was widely circulated. In part it states:

1. It has been decided that sightings of aerial phenomena by Royal Air Force personnel are in future to be reported in writing By Officers Commanding Units immediately and directly to the Air Ministry, (DDI(Tech.)), with copies to Group and Command Headquarters. In addition, any reports from civilians received by units should be acknowledged formally in writing and copies of the reports themselves be forwarded direct to Air Ministry, (DDI(Tech)).

2. It will be appreciated that the public will attach more credence to reports by the Royal Air Force personnel than to those by members of the public. It is essential that the information should be examined at Air Ministry and that its release should be controlled officially. All reports are, therefore, to be classified "Restricted" and personnel are to be warned that they are not to communicate to anyone other than official persons any information about phenomena they have observed, unless officially authorised to do so.