Top INDEX
• Basics: Enhancement.
• About: Garlic.
• Detail: Garlic. (Allium sativum)
• Health: Uses of Garlic.
• Dangers: Garlic in Health.

  Product Possibilities, NOT Recommendations.

  Product: Once A Day Aged Garlic Extract, Kyolic.

  Product: Garlic Active Principles, Cyto-Matrix.

  Product: Garlic Oil, Garlic Active Principles.

• Insight: FODMAP digetive intolerance.
• Insight: Preparing odorless garlic.

• -LINKS: from Lenntech, and others.
• -Focus-: Monographs on Toxins and Enhancers.

Basics: Enhancement. INDEX
http://www.raysahelian.com/garlic.html
Garlic health benefit, research and side effects, immune system enhancement,
blood pressure lowering benefits, Heart disease, aphrodisiac, impotence, erectile dysfunction.
October 1 2017 by Ray Sahelian, M.D.

LINK 2: http://naturalmaleenhancement.org/articles/natural-cures-for-erectile-dysfunction/
LINK 3: http://www.pbrc.edu/training-and-education/pdf/pns/PNS_Garlic.pdf

Garlic has been used medicinally since antiquity due of its ability to improve the immune system, fight germs of all sorts, and reduce the risk for heart disease disease. Garlic bulbs were found in tombs of the pharaohs, in Crete, and in ancient cultures throughout the world. Hippocrates considered it to be a vital part of his therapeutic armamentarium. Garlic is a member of the same group of plants as the onion.

Raw versus cooked, raw is better
Raw garlic is much more potent than cooked because heat inactivates the enzyme allinase. ...

Health benefits
The active ingredients of garlic include

• enzymes (e.g. alliinase),
• sulfur-containing compounds
  --- such as alliin and compounds produced enzymatically from alliin (e.g. allicin), ...
• organosulfur compounds such as
  1. diallyl disulfide,
  2. S-allylmercaptocysteine, and
  3. S-trityl-L-cysteine.

Allicin is unstable, and changes into a different chemicals rather quickly hence the benefits of fresh garlic surpass that of those in pills. Products obtained even without allicin such as aged garlic extract (AGE), have a clear and significant biological effect in immune system improvement, treatment of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, liver and other areas.

Cooked or processed garlic products show different kinds of garlic organosulfur compounds, some of which are highly unstable and instantly decompose.

A good antioxidant

Gerontology. 2008.
Effects of garlic consumption on plasma and erythrocyte antioxidant parameters in elderly subjects.

... Our results show that ingestion of garlic leads to significantly lowered plasma and erythrocyte MDA levels and to increased activities of some antioxidant enzymes, which indicates that consumption of garlic decreases oxidation reactions.

Garlic and blood pressure ...
Red blood cells process compounds from digested garlic and turn them into the cell messenger hydrogen sulfide (H2S) which relaxes blood vessels and increases blood flow. Those who are already on blood pressure medications are not likely to have significant reduction when adding fresh garlic to their diet. However, if you have hypertension, do discuss with your doctor that you are planning to take garlic and initially use only a small clove once a day. Over time you can gradually increase the amount of garlic you use while you monitor your blood pressure. Hopefully it may be possible to reduce the dosage of BP medications, such as beta blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (captopril).

J Clin Hypertension (Greenwich). 2015.
Effect of Garlic on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis.
This meta-analysis suggests that garlic supplements are superior to controls (placebo in most trails) in reducing BP, especially in hypertensive patients.

Integr Blood Press Control. 2014.
... Garlic-derived polysulfides stimulate the production of the vascular gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and enhance the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO), which induce smooth muscle cell relaxation, vasodilation, and BP reduction. Several dietary and genetic factors influence the efficiency of the H2S and NO signaling pathways and may contribute to the development of hypertension. ...

Pak J Pharm Sci. 2013 September.
Effects of Allium sativum on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension.

... Present study showed significant decrease in both Systolic and Diastolic blood pressure in both dose and duration dependent manner. In each garlic treated group, significant reduction in SBP and DBP were observed when compared with atenolol and placebo.

Dr. Karin Ried and colleagues from The University of Adelaide in South Australia included published studies in their meta analysis, ... they found that garlic reduced systolic blood pressure by 4 mm Hg, on average. An analysis limited to people with high blood pressure showed garlic reduced systolic blood pressure by 8 mm Hg, on average, and diastolic blood pressure by 7 mm Hg. The higher a person's blood pressure was at the beginning of the study, the more it was reduced by taking garlic. ... A fresh clove of garlic contains 5 mg to 9 mg of allicin.
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, published online June 16, 2008.

Dipak K. Das at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine in Farmington report that raw, crushed garlic generates hydrogen sulfide ... relaxing blood vessels and allowing more blood to pass through. However, processed and cooked garlic are not as able to generate hydrogen sulfide. ...

Testimonial received November 2017
I am currently taking 1 clove of garlic daily morning as soon as I wake up on an empty stomach as a home remedy to reduce hypertension. Before starting this treatment, my average BP measured at home used to be about 155/111 mmHg. After taking 1 clove of garlic daily on an empty stomach since last 2 weeks my BP now seems to be around 135/99 mmHg which seems to be a reasonably good improvement. ...

Blood thinner
Garlic has anti-platelet activity.
Those who are on warfarin (Coumadin) should be cautious regarding the combination.
Perhaps consuming garlic may reduce the required dosage of anti-coagulants.

Cancer prevention or treatment
There is evidence that onions and garlic protect against tumor growth in humans.
It has been suggested that this effect is partly due to the organosulfur compounds in allium vegetables and that these substances act through induction of phase II detoxification enzymes. Raw garlic works much better. Cooking garlic is likely to reduce or eliminate its anti-cancer benefits.

Eating just one clove of raw or cooked garlic daily may help protect against stomach, esophageal, and colon cancer.
That's the conclusion reached by a researcher at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill who analyzed 17 international population studies examining the eating habits of more than 100,000 people.

A review of several studies has found that older adults with the highest onion and garlic intakes had the lowest risks of a number of cancers -- including colon, gastrointestincal, ovarian and throat cancers. Garlic has a large number of potent bioactive compounds with anticancer properties, largely allylsulfide derivatives. Garlic derivatives influence a number of molecular mechanisms in carcinogenesis, including DNA adduct formation, scavenging of free radicals, mutagenesis, cell proliferation and differentiation, and angiogenesis. The growth rate of cancer cells is reduced by garlic, with cell cycle blockade that occurs particularly in the G2/M phase. Apoptosis is stimulated by garlic. ...

Cancer Biol Ther. 2009 Nov;
Garlic constituent diallyl trisulfide induced apoptosis in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. ... ...

Breast cancer
BMC Complement Alternative Med. 2014.
Antitumor mechanisms of S-allyl mercaptocysteine for breast cancer therapy.

Lung cancer
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016.
Raw Garlic Consumption and Lung Cancer in a Chinese Population.

Evidence of anticancer properties of garlic for different cancer sites has been reported previously in in vitro and in vivo experimental studies but there is limited epidemiologic evidence on the association between garlic and lung cancer. The results of the current study suggest that raw garlic consumption is associated with reduced risk of lung cancer in a Chinese population.

Cholesterol in the blood and influence on lipids

Nutr Rev. 2013. Effect of garlic on serum lipids: an updated meta-analysis.
Discipline of General Practice, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;
National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

This meta-analysis, the most comprehensive to date, includes 39 primary trials of the effect of garlic preparations on total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. The findings suggest garlic to be effective in reducing total serum cholesterol ... in individuals with elevated total cholesterol levels.., provided garlic is used for longer than 2 months. An 8% reduction in total serum cholesterol is of clinical relevance and is associated with a 38% reduction in risk of coronary events at 50 years of age. ...

Common cold
Elizabeth Lissiman of the University of Western Australia in Crawley ... The garlic takers also were sicker for a shorter amount of time in total (111 days compared to 366), but took about the same amount of time to recover from their colds. People in the garlic group complained of rash and odor, but there were no serious side effects.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009. ...

Dental abscess and tooth infection, dental caries, toothache, tooth Infection, abscess remedy?
Help for dental pain, a natural antibiotic?

Some people report improvement in their tooth infection after consuming several cloves of garlic a day or applying chopped garlic on or near the tooth for a few minutes every couple of hours. Hopefully this will reduce the problem or discomfort until you are evaluated by a dentist. Garlic has anti-microbial activity in the mouth. It can potentially reduce the risk of certain oral infections. ...

Garlic (allium sativum) extract has been known to have inhibitory activity on various pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi. ... inhibitory activity of garlic extract on multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Streptococcus mutans isolated from human carious teeth. ... All isolates of S. mutans were sensitive to garlic extract. ...
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007. ...

Erectile dysfunction, impotence, garlic is an aphrodisiac
Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by an overactive nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase system in penile tissue is an important mechanism of erectile dysfunction. S-allyl cysteine (SAC), a bioactive component derived from garlic, can restore erectile function in diabetic rats by preventing ROS formation through modulation of NADPH oxidase subunit expression. S-allyl cysteine restores erectile function through inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation in diabetic rats.
Andrology. 2013.

Gallstones
Feeding garlic and onion effectively accelerates the regression of preformed cholesterol gallstone by promoting cholesterol desaturation in bile.

Heart disease prevention
Consumption lowers the risk of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).
... This herb reduces the risk for heart and blood pressure disease by stimulation of nitric oxide generation in endothelial cells which leads to improved blood flow and by the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) which relaxes vascular smooth muscle, induces vasodilation of blood vessels, and significantly reduces blood pressure.

J Nutr. 2016. Garlic-Derived Organic Polysulfides and Myocardial Protection.

Immune system, antibacterial, antifungal, activity against against bacterial, viral, mycotic and parasitic infections This bulb has potent activity against certain bacteria and parasites. Garlic can combat intestinal parasites, perhaps fungal infections such as athlete's foot, and perhaps vaginal yeast infections. ...

May be effective against tapeworm infections
Streptolysin O is a potent cytolytic toxin produced by almost all strains of group A streptococci and is considered an important virulence factor for this organism. Allicin likely inhibits the Streptolysin O by binding to the cysteine residue in the binding site. Allicin may be a potential alternative drug against streptococcal diseases.
J Med Microbiol. 2010;
Inhibition of streptolysin O by allicin - an active component of garlic.

Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 2012.
Killing effect of garlic extract on Schistosoma japonicum cercariae and Oncomelania snails.

Garlic has a wide range of antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and antiprotozoal activity.
Additional microbes whose growth may be inhibited:

• Aspergillus - Lett Appl Microbiol. 1995;
  Antifungal effects of Allium sativum (garlic) extract
  against the Aspergillus species involved in otomycosis.

• Candida species
• Enterococcus faecalis
• Escherichia coli
• Helicobacter pylori stomach infection
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae
• Salmonella species
• Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus MRSA
• Staphylococcus epidermidis
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Streptococcus pyogenes
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Salmonella typhi
• Proteus species
• Shigella species

Insecticide and pesticide exposure protection
Compounds in this plant can reduce damage from certain insecticides and pesticides.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 August.
Protective Effects of Garlic Extract and Vitamin C Against In vivo Cypermethrin-Induced Teratogenic Effects in Rat Offspring.

Memory and learning
Indian J Exp Biol. 2013.
Learning and memory promoting effects of crude garlic extract.
Results indicate that long-term administration of crude garlic extract may improve learning and memory in mice while the underlying mechanism of action may be attributed to the anti-AchE activity and anti-oxidant property of garlic.

Prostate enlargement, BPH
Phytother Res. 2016.
Anti-Proliferation Effects of Garlic (Allium sativum) on the Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Prostatitis
It could be some benefit as a adjunct to treatment for prostatitis.

Pulmonary hypertension
(A) garlic ingredient, called allicin, seems to ward off pulmonary hypertension, or high blood pressure in the arteries that bring blood to the lungs. In humans, pulmonary hypertension can lead to potentially fatal complications in the heart and blood vessels. Humans would need to eat two cloves of garlic every day ...

Toxicity for medications
May be useful in gentamicin toxicity.

Garlic extract, tablets, capsules and various forms
Garlic pills are sold in various extracts, including aged and extract with 2% allicin.
I prefer to eat a fresh clove rather than to take a supplement, but each person has a different preference. Each garlic clove weighs about 2 to 5 grams. Odorless pills are available. Heated, cooked, or roasted garlic is less healthy. Garlic bread is not a good way to get the benefit since there is little actual garlic and much of the ingestion is white bread with no nutritional value.

Garlic side effects or caution, safety, caution, danger
It may be a good idea to not consume high doses if you plan to have surgery because of the possible blood thinning properties of garlic. Very high intake of garlic may cause easy bruising.

Chemistry and how it works

Garlic has been shown to metabolized into

• N-aceryl-S-allyl cysteine,
• allyl mercaptan,
• diallyl disulfide,
• diallyl sulfide,
• diallyl sulfoxide,
• diallyl sulfone, and
• allyl methyl sulfide.

Garlic has been thought to bring about its anticarcinogenic effect through a number of mechanisms, such as the scavenging of radicals as an antioxidant, increasing gluathione levels, increasing the activities of enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase, catalase, inhibition of cytochrome p4502E1,

DNA repair mechanisms, prevention of chromosomal damage etc.
Sulfur compounds, including allicin, appear to be the active components in the root bulb of the garlic plant.

Garlic breath reduction, how to minimize the odor
Garlic odor or breath is caused by conversion of alliin to volatile sulfur compounds.
Consider the use of mint, parsley, or fennel seeds to partially counteract this bad breath.
Drinking whole milk may also help. Keep in mind that garlic breath can last more than 24 hours.

Effect of milk on the deodorization of malodorous breath after garlic ingestion.
Food Sci. 2010.

The effect of milk and milk components on the deodorization of diallyl disulfide (DADS), allyl methyl disulfide (AMDS), allyl mercaptan, allyl methyl sulfide, and methyl mercaptan in the headspace of garlic as well as in the mouth- and nose-space after garlic ingestion .... Fat-free and whole milk significantly reduced the head-, mouth-, and nose-space concentrations of all volatiles. Water was the major component in milk responsible for the deodorization of volatiles. Due to its higher fat content, whole milk was more effective than fat-free milk in the deodorization of the more hydrophobic volatiles diallyl disulfide and allyl methyl disulfide.

Milk was more effective than water and 10% sodium caseinate in the deodorization of allyl methyl sulfide, a persistent garlic odor, in the mouth after garlic ingestion. Addition of milk to garlic before ingestion had a higher deodorizing effect on the volatiles in the mouth than drinking milk after consuming garlic.

Practical Application:
Ingesting beverages or foods with high water and/or fat content such as milk may help reduce the malodorous odor in breath after garlic ingestion and mask the garlic flavor during eating. To enhance the deodorizing effect, deodorant foods should be mixed with garlic before ingestion.

Garlic allergy
I see many advertisements about immune system and garlic.
I have discovered that I am allergic to garlic and byproducts. Is there any research on the subject of garlic allergy?

A: Diallyl disulphide is the major allergen in garlic and onion.
Garlic use may cause allergic reactions (allergic contact dermatitis, generalized urticaria, angiedema, pemphigus, anaphylaxis and photoallergy), alteration of platelet function and coagulation (with a possible risk of bleeding).
Contact dermatitis, particularly affecting the fingertips, can be caused by garlic allergy. ...

Emails ...

1. Does a garlic supplement interfere with 5-HTP nutrient, curcumin supplement, ahcc, or the herb saw palmetto?

   A: Garlic has a mild effect and should not interact with any great degree with curcumin or any of these supplements.
   
   

2. I came across a site this morning that claims garlic can elevate testosterone levels,
   Since I have a history of low testosterone and currently have levels which are low/normal naturally I am interested in this claim. I visited your site immediately to see what information you had on garlic, but discovered there was no information regarding the role of garlic on testosterone levels. So I ask: is there anything to this claim on garlic raising testosterone levels. ...

   A: Although there have been a few studies with garlic feeding in rodents that have shown conflicting results regarding testosterone levels, no such human studies could be found as of April 2010. ..., at this time, I see no evidence that eating small amounts of garlic will have any appreciable influence on testosterone levels in humans.

   
   

How Garlic Works as a Natural Cure for Erectile Dysfunction
Garlic helps to lower blood lipid levels and stabilize blood sugar.
For this reason, garlic is especially effective in lowering cholesterol in the body.
Cholesterol build-up in penile tissue is a real problem in circulatory issues in male impotence.

Since garlic increases circulation, you will see an increase of blood flow to penile tissues, making erections firmer and longer lasting. And since garlic also helps to remove cholesterol -- your overall size should increase as well.

Many experts have also found garlic to be an effective additive to a high-protein diet, and that the combination of the two have been shown to increase testosterone levels–helping increase overall sex-drive. ...

S-allyl cysteine (SAC) is one of the water-soluble organosulfur compounds in garlic that can be detected in the plasma, liver, and kidney after oral intake. Its concentration increases during extraction and aging. From several studies, SAC has proven to be a stable, odorless, water-soluble compound with the ability to lower cholesterol, serve as an antioxidant, inhibit the cancer process, and protect the liver from toxins. At present, SAC is the only reliable human compliance marker used for studies involving garlic consumption because it is detectable and increases quantitatively in the blood after oral intake of garlic capsules.

About: Garlic. INDEX
https://paleoleap.com/all-about-garlic/
Publisher: https://www.facebook.com/paleoleap
LINK 3: http://fodmapfriendly.com/what-are-fodmaps/
LINK 4: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FODMAP

Infamous for its distinctive, pungent smell, but prized for its historic role as a highly medicinal vegetable, garlic is a love-it-or-hate-it kind of food. Some people can’t stand it even in soups and stews, while others happily chow down on raw cloves as a snack (and hopefully brush their teeth afterward!).

And then there’s a third group, the people who hate the taste, but feel guilty because they keep reading all about what a superfood it is. Frequently touted benefits of garlic include

• cancer prevention,
• lower blood pressure,
• lower cholesterol, ...
• a natural disinfectant,
• antibacterial, and
• antifungal medicine.

To some extent, this medicinal tradition has been backed up by lab experiments, but as always, it’s always important to read the research critically – were the studies done in humans, in animals, or in test tubes? Does the benefit rely on choking down 10 cloves of garlic a day, or is it something that a reasonable diet could include? Ultimately, the evidence is neutral to positive: there’s a lot of potential, but very little conclusive research to suggest that otherwise healthy people should worry about eating garlic if they don’t like the taste.

Garlic and Chronic Disease
The most famous chemical in garlic is allicin, a sulfur-containing compound that’s most concentrated in fresh garlic, and becomes even stronger when the garlic is crushed or chewed. This is what gives the garlic such a strong taste and smell. Like many other plant chemicals, allicin functions as the garlic’s defense against predators and pests, and many of garlic’s health benefits come from allicin mounting that exact same defense for your benefit.

Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Health
One of garlic’s most famous benefits has traditionally been the prevention of heart disease, specifically by lowering blood cholesterol and blood pressure. High blood cholesterol is really more of a symptom (the real problem is whatever is causing the high cholesterol), but from a health standpoint, it’s still interesting to see what kinds of treatments reduce cholesterol levels.

In the case of garlic, the evidence is mixed.
A 2000 review and analysis concluded that while the available studies suggest a modest benefit, it’s hard to analyze the data accurately because they all used different forms of garlic (powdered, fresh, or extracts).

On the other hand, these effects may only work in the short term: the few studies who followed up to 6 months found no real benefits from garlic compared to placebo. And a study from 2006 demonstrated no benefit in cholesterol levels (or anything else) even in the short-term for garlic powder over a placebo. The most recent meta-analysis, from 2012, was back to finding a small benefit for garlic in whole food, powder, or oil form.

The evidence for blood pressure and other markers of cardiovascular risk is equally inconclusive: some studies find a benefit, and others don’t. Some population studies show that garlic is associated with a lower risk, but this kind of research is so inconclusive that it’s hard to know for sure. So while the evidence is mixed, it’s safe to say that there isn’t an extreme result either way.

Cancer
It’s everyone’s favorite disease to “cause” or “cure” with food, and garlic is no exception.
Garlic does seem to treat cancer in test tubes, and even in some animal models, but whether this benefit carries over to humans eating garlic isn’t clear.

Most of the evidence about garlic and cancer is epidemiological (survey studies).
A 2001 meta-analysis of the epidemiological research found there’s an association between garlic intake and prevention of stomach and colorectal cancers, but that there simply isn’t enough strong evidence to suggest benefits for any other kind.

This kind of evidence is obviously limited – food recall is unreliable, and epidemiological studies only prove association, not causation. The very few non-epidemiological studies that we have are conflicting, with some finding benefits, and others finding no change. But many of the population surveys did try to control for confounding factors (like the fact that high intake of garlic usually means high intake of other vegetables as well), so the results are worth noting, if not conclusive.

Garlic as an Antimicrobial
Another traditional benefit of garlic came from its antimicrobial effects.
One of the oldest-known natural antibiotics, garlic has been used for centuries to treat bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections.
In test tubes, garlic kills all kinds of pathogens, including well-known microbes like staph, E. Coli, and candida.
And it seems that this benefit really does carry over to human subjects. For example, one study found that a diluted garlic extract helped children infected with tapeworms recover more quickly. Another showed the benefits of a garlic-based mouthwash in killing the bacteria that cause cavities.

More excitingly, garlic can sometimes help when other drugs can’t.
One study found that garlic extract was effective against five multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria.
And a group of researchers in Italy found the benefits so compelling that they even suggested garlic as the basis of potential new treatments for multidrug resistant tuberculosis that doesn’t respond to antibiotics.

Applied to the skin, garlic is quite an effective remedy for fungal skin infections like ringworm and athlete’s foot.
One study found that a 1% cream of ajoene (an extract of garlic) was actually even better for athlete’s foot than a 1% cream of a conventional antifungal.

Uniquely among antibiotics, garlic also shows some promise as a gut-friendly alternative: there’s some evidence that it doesn’t attack your friendly intestinal flora alongside the bad guys, and it contains prebiotic carbohydrates (inulin) that help feed the good bacteria. And using it extensively in lab tests, researchers have yet to discover a kind of bacteria that develops a resistance to garlic.

These antimicrobial properties make garlic an exciting natural cure for various ills, a kind of culinary medicine.
It might be worth a try if you think you have a bacterial overgrowth (such as SIBO or candida). Nothing here suggests that you can cure any and all chronic infections with garlic, or that you should take garlic instead of going to the doctor when you’re sick, but it’s definitely an interesting line of research and something to bear in mind. ...

Garlic and FODMAPs intolerance
One potential negative of garlic is that it’s very high in FODMAPs, so if you’re FODMAPs-sensitive, the uncomfortable digestive side effects can be very unpleasant. But there is actually a way to get many of these benefits without the discomfort, because the allicin in garlic is simple to extract yourself at home. In fact, you might already be doing it!

To remove the allicin from garlic, simply crush a garlic clove, let it sit for 5-10 minutes (this increases the concentration of allicin), and then fry the garlic in some hot oil. Remove the garlic and throw it out, but use the oil in any recipe you like: the allicin is fat-soluble, so it will leak out into the oil, but the water-soluble FODMAPs carbohydrates will stay in the garlic clove that you throw away.

Garlic: Conclusions
“Garlic is reasonably good for you” doesn’t make for a great headline, but unfortunately, it’s the truth.
Its long history as a folk remedy is a point in its favor, but just because it’s traditional doesn’t mean it’s effective. For cardiovascular health and cancer, the study results are cautiously optimistic at best.

The antimicrobial properties are on more solid footing: garlic is not a replacement for penicillin or any other antibiotic, but it’s showing a lot of promise as a useful co-therapy, especially for skin infections and antibiotic-resistant drugs. In this case, it turns out that the folk remedy really is justified. As an all-natural medicine, garlic completely deserves its time in the spotlight.

So the benefits exist, but they’re not overwhelming.
If you love garlic in everything, you can feel good about adding another one of many healthy foods to your diet. If you hate it, don’t feel bad about taking a pass.

FODMAP: INDEX
FODMAP is an acronym that stands for:

Fermentable – meaning they are broken down (fermented) by bacteria in the large bowel
Oligosaccharides – “oligo” means “few” and “saccharide” means sugar.
---- These molecules made up of individual sugars joined together in a chain
Disaccharides – “di” means two. This is a double sugar molecule.
Monosaccharides – “mono” means single. This is a single-sugar molecule.
And
Polyols – these are sugar alcohols (however don’t lead to intoxication!)

FODMAPs are short chain carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed in the small intestine.
They include short chain oligo-saccharide polymers of fructose and galactooligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol and maltitol.

When consumed in foods and/or drinks, FODMAPs can be poorly absorbed in the small intestine and pass through to the large intestine, where two major events happen:

• The FODMAPs are readily fermented by bacteria in the large bowel, contributing to the production of gas.

• The FODMAPs are also highly osmotic, meaning that they attract water into the large bowel, which can alter how quickly the bowels move.

These two processes can then trigger symptoms including
• excess wind,
• abdominal bloating and distension,
• abdominal pain,
• constipation or
• diarrhoea, or
• a combination of both.

Sources of fructans
Sources of fructans include wheat (although some wheat strains such as spelt contain lower amounts), rye, barley, onion, garlic, Jerusalem and globe artichoke, asparagus, beetroot, chicory, dandelion leaves, leek, radicchio, the white part of spring onion, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, fennel and prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS), oligofructose and inulin.

Sources of galactans
Pulses and beans are the main dietary sources (though green beans, tofu and tempeh contain comparatively low amounts).[

Sources of polyols
Polyols are found naturally in some fruit (particularly stone fruits), including apples, apricots, avocados, blackberries, cherries, lychees, nectarines, peaches, pears, plums, prunes, watermelon and some vegetables, including cauliflower, mushrooms and mange-tout peas. They are also used as bulk sweeteners and include isomalt, maltitol, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol.

Detail: Garlic. (Allium sativum) INDEX
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic

Garlic (scientific name Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, Allium.

Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and Chinese onion.
With a history of several thousand years of human consumption and use, garlic is native to Central Asia and northeastern Iran, and has long been a common seasoning worldwide.

Allium sativum is a bulbous plant.
It grows up to 1.2 m (4 ft) in height. Its hardiness is USDA Zone 8.
It produces hermaphrodite flowers. It is pollinated by bees and other insects.

So-called elephant garlic is actually a wild leek (Allium ampeloprasum), and not a true garlic.
Single clove garlic (also called pearl or solo garlic) originated in the Yunnan province of China.
In North America, many varieties of garlic are common weeds in fields.
Identification of the wild progenitor of common garlic is difficult, due to the sterility of its many cultivars ....
There are 2 subspecies of A. sativum, 10 major groups of varieties, and hundreds of varieties or cultivars.
Varieties of garlic have differing day-length sensitivity.

Garlic is easy to grow and can be grown year-round in mild climates.
While sexual propagation of garlic is possible, nearly all of the garlic in cultivation is propagated asexually, by planting individual cloves in the ground. In colder climates, cloves are planted in the autumn, about six weeks before the soil freezes, and harvested in late spring or early summer. The cloves must be planted deep enough to prevent freeze/thaw, which causes mold or white rot.

Garlic plants can be grown closely together, leaving enough space for the bulbs to mature, and are easily grown in containers of sufficient depth. Garlic does well in loose, dry, well-drained soils in sunny locations, and is hardy throughout USDA climate zones 4–9. When selecting garlic for planting, it is important to pick large bulbs from which to separate cloves. Large cloves, along with proper spacing in the planting bed, will also improve bulb size. Garlic plants prefer to grow in a soil with a high organic material content, but are capable of growing in a wide range of soil conditions and pH levels.

Garlic plants are usually hardy and not affected by many pests or diseases.
Garlic plants are said to repel rabbits and moles.
However, pathogens that affect garlic are nematodes and wood-decay fungus, which remain in the soil indefinitely after the ground has become infected. Garlic may also suffer from pink root, a typically non-fatal disease that stunts the roots and turns them pink or red, leek rot or downy mildew.

Much of the garlic production in the United States is centered in Gilroy, California, which calls itself the "garlic capital of the world".

The sticky juice within the bulb cloves is used as an adhesive in mending glass and porcelain.

An environmentally benign garlic-derived polysulfide product is approved for use in the European Union (under Annex 1 of 91/414) and the UK as a nematicide and insecticide, including for use for control of cabbage root fly and red mite in poultry.

Health: Uses of Garlic. INDEX
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic

The use of garlic in China dates back thousands of years.
It was consumed by ancient Greek and Roman soldiers, sailors, and rural classes (Virgil, Ecologues ii. 11), and, according to Pliny the Elder (Natural History xix. 32), by the African peasantry. Galen eulogized it as the "rustic's theriac" (cure-all) (see F. Adams' Paulus Aegineta, p. 99), and Alexander Neckam, a writer of the 12th century (see Wright's edition of his works, p. 473, 1863), discussed it as a palliative for the heat of the sun in field labor. Garlic was placed by the ancient Greeks on the piles of stones at crossroads, as a supper for Hecate (Theophrastus, Characters, The Superstitious Man). According to Pliny, garlic and onions were invoked as deities by the Egyptians at the taking of oaths.

In his Natural History, Pliny gives a list of scenarios in which garlic was considered beneficial (N.H. xx. 23). In the 17th century Dr Thomas Sydenham valued it as an application in confluent smallpox, and William Cullen's Materia Medica of 1789 found some dropsies cured by it alone.

Potential Benefits may include
• rich source of: vitamins B6 and C, manganese and phosphorus,
• a moderate source thiamin and pantothenic acid, calcium, iron, and zinc,
• antiseptic,
• palliative for the heat of the sun,
• anti-viral,
• antimicrobial,
• a fish and meat preservative,
• flavoring spice,
• can keep away insects ... mosquitoes and slugs.

Studies have shown sipping milk at the same time as consuming garlic can significantly neutralize bad breath.
Mixing garlic with milk in the mouth before swallowing reduced the odor better than drinking milk afterward.
Plain water, mushrooms and basil may also reduce the odor; the mix of fat and water found in milk, however, was the most effective.

Dangers: Garlic in Health. INDEX
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic

Adverse effects may include
• low nutritional value per average serving,
• may induce burns when applied to skin,
• some persons are allergic to garlic,
  --- irritable bowel, diarrhea, mouth and throat ulcerations,
  ----- nausea, breathing difficulties, and, in rare cases, anaphylaxis
• can interact negatively with pharmaceuticals,
• may slow breast-feeding infants,
• breath and body odour,
• intestinal gas.

Side effects of long-term use may include
• gastrointestinal discomfort,
• sweating,
• dizziness,
• bleeding,
• allergic reactions,
• risk of bleeding,
• menstrual irregularities.

Garlic-sensitive patients ... are often sensitive to many other plants, including onions, chives, leeks, shallots, garden lilies, ginger, and bananas.

Garlic may interact with warfarin, antiplatelets, saquinavir, antihypertensives, calcium channel blockers, the quinolone family of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, and hypoglycemic drugs, as well as other medications.

Research studies findings.

no effect of garlic on colorectal cancer, 
decreased rates of gastric cancer associated with garlic intake 
a moderate inverse association between garlic intake and some cancers of the upper digestive tract 
garlic intake associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer

Product: Once A Day Aged Garlic Extract, Kyolic. INDEX
https://well.ca/products/kyolic-once-a-day-aged-garlic_11703.html
$15.49 --- 600 mg 30 Vegetarian Caplets

KYOLIC is a unique aged garlic extract powder produced through a proprietary aging and extraction technique that dramatically improves the natural compounds in garlic and reduces the deleterious & malodorous component of garlic, allicin.

Kyolic Aged Garlic Extract has been shown to have an array of Benefits, including
• maintaining healthy cholesterol levels,
• enhancing circulation,
• supporting immune function,
• fighting stress and fatigue to help in maintaining healthy function of the liver and nerves.

... without the stomach upset, gas and diarrhea that may accompany non-Kyolic garlic consumption.

All garlic supplements have some nutritional value.
However, powders and oils contain little or no water-soluble compounds which may be essential to obtain some of the key benefits of garlic. Garlic powders and oils contain some beneficial oil-soluble sulphur compounds. However, these compounds also have a pungent garlic odor as well as harsh, oxidizing side effects. Even though these products may claim to be deodorized, the garlic odor is just masked by chemical or sugar coatings. When the capsules or tablets dissolve, garlic body odour results.

Kyolic® odourless Aged Garlic Extract, is truly the only odourless garlic supplement.
The exclusive aging process eliminates garlic odor and harsh side effects.
Moreover, Kyolic® contains various antioxidant properties and is the only antioxidant garlic supplement available.

Kyolic is also standardized with SAC (S-Allyl Cysteine), a beneficial water-soluble sulphur containing compound which is characteristic of Aged Garlic Extract.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
As a meal supplement, take one Kyolic caplet with a meal.
Store in a cool, dry place with cap tight.
Keep out of reach of children.

Note: Contains no artificial preservatives, flavours, colours, starch, wheat, corn, soy or yeast.
Tablets of this product are suitable for vegetarians.

Product: Garlic Active Principles, Cyto-Matrix. INDEX
http://www.cyto-matrix.com/p_garlic_active_principles.php
All products formulated by naturopathic doctors.
Cyto-Matrix products are distributed exclusively through
licenced health care practitioners and specialty pharmacies.
Retail: $78.00 -- 90 caps -- 2017-11

Garlic Active Principles (G.A.P.)™ is a new and unique composition of highly standardized garlic active principles.
This clinically proven formula targets patients with metabolic syndrome by rebalancing all lipid parameters and reducing fatty mass through the reduction of triglycerides in the adipocytes.

Garlic standardized extract reduced TC by 24%, LDL by 36%, TG by 30% and
increased HDL by 35% in a 10 month RCT published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

Conveniently dosed at just one gelcap per day with a meal for optimum patient adherence.

Supercritical Extraction Technology.

Ingredients
All products are manufactured in a state of the art facility without the use of unnecessary excipients, such as magnesium stearate and sodium benzoate. No artificial colours and/or flavours.

Ingredients: Medicinal Ingredients Per Each gelcap:
282 mg --- Garlic (allium sativum) Supercritical Extract

Providing: 
    0.0855 mg --- Vinyldithiines
    0.0210 mg --- Sulfides
    2.0000 mg --- Natural Vitamin E (D-a-tocopherol) Non GMO

Available in 45 and 90 gelcaps per bottle

Directions: Take 2 soft gels once daily or as recommended by practitioner.

Cautions and Warnings:
Consult a health care practitioner prior to use if you are pregnant; are taking blood thinners or protease inhibitors; or if you have diabetes. For relief of upper respiratory tract infections and catarrhal conditions: Consult a health care practitioner if symptoms persist or worsen.

Known Adverse Reactions:
Allergy has been known to occur; in which case discontinue use.

Product: Garlic Oil, Garlic Active Principles. INDEX
http://www.healthpalace.ca/cyto-matrix-garlic-active-principles-45-softgels/
(Pricing available by request & authorization only)
Code: 8100V --- 45 capsules ---

LINK 2: http://www.healthpalace.ca/how-to-get-access-to-items-with-login-password-inquiry/
How to buy Cyto Matrix products from Health Palace

Garlic Active Principles is a new and unique composition of highly standardized garlic active principles.
This clinically proven formula targets patients with metabolic syndrome by rebalancing all lipid parameters and reducing fatty mass through the reduction of triglycerides in the adipocytes.

Garlic standardized extract reduced TC by 24%, LDL by 36%, TG by 30% and increased HDL by 35%
in a 10 month RCT published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

Conveniently dosed at just one gelcap per day for optimum patient adherence.

Ingredients: Medicinal Ingredients Per Each gelcap:
282 mg --- Garlic (allium sativum) Supercritical Extract

Providing: 
    0.0855 mg --- Vinyldithiines
    0.0210 mg --- Sulfides
    2.0000 mg --- Natural Vitamin E (D-a-tocopherol) Non GMO

How to buy Cyto Matrix products from Health Palace:
You must have the recommendation or referral name and phone number of a homeopath.

Step 1: Please Create an account. If you have one already go to step two.

Step 2: After creating your account to obtain access to purchase for those items please contact us via chat, e-mail
or by calling at: 416-273-4809 / 1800-657-5002 (M-F 10:00 AM- 8:00PM EST & Sat 11:00 AM- 4:00PM EST )

Step 3: After contacting us and activating your account; if you are already logged in please refresh the page, or log out and log in back again, then continue shopping by brand and/or search for the desired item, now the add to the cart option should be available.

*Please note you may be required to confirm that you have had a practitioner recommendation prior to use of these products.
This will be registered in your account for future reference. All information will stay confidential and will not be shared with anyone.

Why Some of the items are locked to purchase or does not allow me to add to the cart? How can I order them?

Some brands prefer that their products only be consumed and to be available to those clients who have a healthcare practitioner advice. Following their policy and based on our terms of use, Health Palace make this products available to you if you are our client or when confirm that you are buying certain items as per a healthcare practitioner advice. Please be sure that we do not contact your practitioner and will not share your information.

After Creating an account, please contact us via Email, Chat or Phone and we will be be able to help you with providing access for your account. Emails and Phone Calls are reviewed and replied within 1-2 business days during our operating hours.

INDEX