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Memory Stimulators.
1988 - HIGHLIGHTS:

Movies:

Shakedown; Punchline; Alien Nation; Deepstar Six; Rain Man; The Vanishing; High Frequency; Funny Farm; A Cry in the Dark; The Vanishing; My Best Friend is a Vampire; The Dead Pool; Child's Play; Without a Clue; Gorillas in the Mist; Moving; Willow; The Blob; Crusoe; A New Life; Bird; Return of the Killer Tomatoes; Messenger of Death; The Night Before; Viper; Torch Song Trilogy; Pulse; Watchers; Cocoon: The Return; Tequila Sunrise; Shakedown; Hot to Trot; The Outer Space Connection; Married to the Mob; Permanent Record

Underground FEDERATION bases are established near Telos/Shasta, California, Denton, northeast Texas, and central Nebraska.

1988 - By January,
"Hitachi Zosen Corporation" of Japan, in cooperation with Nagoya University and jointly with the Hiroshima Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station, developed an unmanned vertical takeoff/landing (VTOL) aircraft. In the same category as the American unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the craft is square-shaped (about 3 m on each side) with a 1 m diameter rotor mounted on each of its 4 corners. Flights are remotely controlled from the ground. The rotors are enclosed in cylindrical ducts, so the craft can fly about safely between buildings. The cylindrical ducts are made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) that is lightweight and highly resistant to shock. The vehicle flies at 36 km/hr maximum at a preferred minimum altitude of 5 meters and can fly up to 200 meters from the transmitter.

It is currently being used to spray agricultural chemicals (pesticides) for which its underside is equipped with a spraying system. A flight lasts 20 to 30 minutes and roughly 2 hectares can be sprayed in a single flight. The chemicals are sprayed near the roots of the farm crops through low flights and downspray from the rotors. Conventional spraying methods are less efficient and have much greater potential for negative health influences on nearby humans and spray drifting to adjacent properties.

Hitachi is a multi-national conglomerate with 33 research laboratories located in Japan, Europe and the USA. It employs 16,000 persons and has a strong research and development department with a budget of almost US $2.5 billion. In 1979, the HITAC M-200H (Super-large-scale computer) utilized high-density, super-high-speed LSIs in the world's highest level of performance for its intended uses in manufacturing, wholesale, banking, insurance, securities, transportation, electric power and gas supply, printing, broadcasting, newspaper publishing, government agencies and university research institutions.

1988 -
Andrei Kokoshin, a Soviet military spokesman, states:

"We consider electronic warfare (radio-electronic combat) the most promising defence because we do not know what weapons the United States would deploy in space ... Electronic warfare has the potential to interfere with radio and laser, upset computers and feign targets. The technical means to do all that exist ... I am confident we will be able to paralyse the SDI monster without destructive means."

1988 -
Tobacco smoking mothers are found to give birth to babies which frequently mature into sexually defective adults.
Biologists Annabell C. Segarra and Fleur L. Strand, at the University of New York, are finding that female offspring in such circumstances develop sexual abnormalities such as increased ovary weight, delayed puberty, and a shortened interval of time between fertile periods. Adult male offspring behave less sexually, copulated less, had depressed male-hormone levels and preferred salty solutions to regular ones. In conclusion, Sagarra noted: "The developing reproductive system of the fetus is especially sensitive to drugs or hormones."

1988 - By February,
The Standing Armies of Humanity total 32 million soldiers.
With complete war mobilization, those nations could field armies of 570 million troops: all of these troops exert a direct restraint on the ability of the majority of humanity to live lives of moderate material adequacy by the cost of their equipping, administration and training. At the same time, while problems of a global context threaten life on the planet of Earth, groups of humanity are preoccupied in conflict with each other over what is presumed will be available in the future and over avenging wrongs which have been done in the past.

"Reshaping The International Order", a Club of Rome report, has estimated that 50% (500,000) of ALL scientists work on weapons improvement research, while over 40% of all funds spent on scientific research are focused on armaments. This represents tangible, real, chosen commitment on the part of humans to develop technologies of destruction and continue to mentor, inspire, promote, condition and otherwise motivate younger humans to expect a life of anxiety and frustration in which competitive achievement is the norm and in which war is a likely reality.

This addiction, (for what self-directed intelligent culture would choose such a direction) has proven quite effective in the calculated stifling of the human spirit, resulting in its willing enslavement to chemical and behavioural addictive (obsessional) patterns. The result continues to be:

   	- increasing inflexibility of response;
   	- increasing predictiveness of reactive response;
   	- decreasing ability to cope constructively with reality;
   	- increasing intensity of perceived frustration, acting out of denial;
   	- emotional desensitization.

Like domesticated animals, made willing slaves of their masters - humans increasingly appear to have surrendered their ability for self-direction (freedom), their sincere quest for truth as a condition of coping with reality (awareness), and their capability for recognizing the availability of options (intelligence). An invading spaceculture desirous of settling on or within the Earth have little to fear from human opposition: it can be so easily manipulated into self-destructiveness.

The annual arms trade in 1988 has grown to almost one trillion dollars.
Global human problems influencing quality of life and survival could be eliminated with a small fraction of this investment. Yet the result of current practices has left the Arab nations surrounding Israel with 300% more artillery and tanks and 500,000 more mobilized soldiers than the combined armies of NATO. Leaders of Arab nations have repeatedly threatened to destroy Israel.

1988 - In the Spring,
Eugene Johnson of the USAMRIID, had persuaded the US Army to sponsor and the Kenyan government to authorize a biohazard investigation of Kitum Cave, the suspected site of 2 earlier filovirus outbreaks. Gene arrived with 20 shipping crates of biohazard gear and scientific equipment. There were 35 team members including wildlife naturalists, doctors and labourers.

The Cave was closed off to the public for the duration, test animals were placed in cages throughout the cave, biohazard suits were used by all of the staff when in the cave, and local animals and wildlife found in the cave were tested for evidence of the Marburg virus. Birds, rodents, hyraxes, bats, flies, ticks, guinea pigs, monkeys, cattle and some of the local Masai were tested. Large animals like the elephant, antelope, leopard and cape buffalo were bypassed. After 30 days, no evidence of the virus was found.

1988 - During the late 1980s,
"Mad Cow Disease", a viral multi-host disease infected and resulted in the death of tens of thousands of cows.
Normally placid agriculturally herded cows became agitated with some becoming aggressive while others became quite fearful of people. As the disease progressed, the animal became weaker and weaker, eventually losing the ability to stand, and finally, dying. The disease was found to be transferrable to cats and other animals, including some humans, by the eating of infected meat.

1988 - By April,
Crop Genetic Uniformity was the caution expressed by Pat Roy Mooney, co-founder of "Rural Advancement Fund International", an Amsterdam-based agricultural research organization; he is also a lecturer in agricultural economics. His concerns included:

"... of the world's top 10 leading seed companies, 7 are connected to pharmaceuticals and to crop chemicals. They now want (a) monopoly for plants (as they have) for drugs (through patent legislation). ... Plant breeder' rights in other countries have encouraged uniformity - sometimes called chrome-and-tailfin breeding or "me-tooism" in research.

... companies take successful varieties and make minor cosmetic adaptations in order to be assured of both a patent and a market. The result is a proliferation of brand names but greater crop vulnerability. ....

Every significant pesticide manufacturer in the world is now concentrating, through biotechnology, on the development of plant varieties that will survive spraying by the company's herbicides.

Where once we had breeders who prided themselves in developing pest-resistant plant varieties, corporate breeders now focus on pesticide-resistant plant varieties. ... our food system will be faced with more chemical residues. Crop uniformity creates a market for crop chemicals."

What would happen if transportation and capital resources were interrupted for 3 years and you could not purchase the herbicides without which your crops could not survive?

1988 - By May,
RU-486, an antiprogesterone agent, has been developed by Professor Etienne-Emile Baulieu, in France.
If taken shortly after a missed menstrual period, it provides a 96% chance of inducing a miscarriage. As such, it is being considered for use as a delayed contraceptive. Opposition by anti-abortion groups in the USA would discourage American pharmaceutical companies from openly manufacturing it and lead to a black market supply and distribution network. During 1989, Baulieu would receive the Albert Lasker award for his lifelong work with steroid hormones - which led to his discovery of RU-486, after almost 40 years of work.

Each year, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about 200,000 women die from unsuccessful surgical operations. Another 500,000 die from crude abortions done in unhygienic situations by unskilled persons. Still others die from complicated miscarriages. Some doctors in all countries still perform D and C's (dilation and curettage), the scraping away of the internal lining of the uterus - without anaesthetizing the patient so that she will intentionally be forced to "suffer for her sins." Of course, the men involved in the relationship, the state religious and educational facilities (which could inform the people of effective contraception methods, and, the politicians - who could maintain better educational, health, counselling, and financial assistance programs - are all denied responsibility for their contribution to the sought abortion.

Progesterone is a hormone which during the second phase of a woman's menstrual cycle is essential for a successful human reproductive function. In the uterus, this hormone protects the developing embryo and fetus by promoting the attachment of the egg to the uterine wall. RU-486, as a progesterone antagonist, breaks the bond between the fertilized egg and the uterine wall, and the egg is expelled. A single dose (600 mg) of RU-486 must be taken within 3 weeks of a missed period for reasonable effectiveness. 48 hours later, the patient is given a small dose of prostaglandin, another hormone, which influences the woman to shed her uterine lining as would happen in a heavy menses.

In some pregnancies, the delivery of a full-term, normal baby when the cervix doesn't open well could be facilitated by the use of RU-486, thereby eliminating the need for Caesarean section surgery. Use of the anti-hormone has also led to a marked reduction of pain for women with endometriosis. Some breast cancer tumours have also responded well to its administration. At least one form of Cushing's disease has benefited by RU-486 inhibiting cortisone and reducing the excessive adrenal function associated with the disease. Birth defects in infants not aborted after the use of RU-486 have been non-existent. Regarding hormone awareness and research, steroid hormones in the brain relating to memory would not yet be discovered for another year.

Initial marketing of RU-486 began in September, 1988, but was initially limited by misunderstandings, the political necessity to standardize procedures associated with its use, and, by intolerant pro-life activists. Spiritually, all individuals make their choices before God and are responsible for the results. By 1990, popular media would refer to RU-486 as an abortion pill.

1988 -
The Noll Family, while driving at night in the desert, in Australia, had their car lifted by a UFO, which then put it down with such force as to blowout a tire. Fifteen minutes later, a tuna fishing boat had a similar incident of being raised and lowered. After each experience, one unknown to the other, the voices of the abductees changes for a short period "as if they had been breathing helium". OMNI magazine, an American science publication, tried to make light of the Noll experience with a mundane excuse that did neither take into account the second incident, their similarities, or the change in voice which the participants of both were observed to have. (January)

1988 - During May,
The Soviet MIR spacestation receives a high velocity particle impact against one of its twin-pane portholes.
A window crater and fracture lines are left over an area of 6-8 mm.
Through concerns over the increasing amount of space debris in orbit, external shutters are added to the portholes.

1988 - During May,
High-temperature powder metallurgy aluminum alloys, as replacements for titanium in aircraft structure materials are announced publicly by "Lockheed Aeronautical Systems". Cost savings of 50-70% have been forecast for the alloys that can be made and processing will be by techniques similar to those used in making customary aluminum. Prospects for a continued increase in the demand for titanium will drop over the following months; demand will not.

1988 - In June,
The BLONDS rebel against the GRAY's increasing impatience and attempts at precipitating a human nuclear war.
Several underground bases in western U.S.A., previously under the direction of the Federation of Peoples of the Orion and Milky Way Galaxies are split into Orion-human and GRAY-human bases with their connecting tunnels sealed off. For the first time, the humans involved in these covert activities become aware of the deception which has been put to them by the GRAYs.

Since the 1930s, the GRAYS had told various human groups a variety of the following:

   a) They were from a galaxy in constellation .............;
   b) they had been forced to seek relocation elsewhere when their sun died;
   c) they had influenced human life for a long time;
   d) they had bioengineered humans to become "intelligent";
   e) they had founded most of the major religions to bring peace to humanity;
   f) they had created Jesus Christ and engineered his resurrection;

   g) they were back now to assist the "best" nation to rule the world;
   h) they now had to prepare to stay on Earth permanently;
   i) they needed genetic material from humans to assist their own re-engineering;

   j) human leaders believed that they had to remain secret to not create panic;
   k) they would transfer some of their technology in exchange for assistance;
   l) they would not mutilate or harm any more humans in their experiments;
   m) they would quietly abduct human subjects for experimentation;
   n) the implants they used were only to monitor human behaviours and responses;

   o) the senior human leaders approached were conceited, proud, greedy, envious 
          and co-dependent enough in their obsessions to believe all of the above.

After reviewing the written histories, spoken concerns and political communications of human groups, the GRAYs had concluded that religion was a unifying factor for humans and that its elements were increasingly, and effectively being used to manipulate the human masses. As live human "drones" were more valuable to them than adversity promoting corpses, the GRAYs followed the strategy of human leaders: power by deception. Aware that humans were particularly easily influenced by a visual experience, and possessing advanced holographic projection technology - they manufactured a realistic "re-enactment" of several major human elements of history surrounding religious scenes. One of these was the life of Jesus Christ. Further aware that humans had an inclination to show reverence for power and technology and to fear that which was unlike themselves, the GRAYs changed their appearance in the sight of humans and concentrated on the advantages of power which the human leaders would gain from their assistance.

Many of the rationales for their presence and their requirements were demonstrated now to be deceptions.
The truth was as follows:

   A) They were from a galaxy in constellation SIRIUS;
   B) they had chosen to spread and colonize elsewhere in the universe;
   C) they had not influenced human life for a long time;
   D) they had not bioengineered humans;

   E) they had not founded any of the major religions;
   F) they believed that the life of Jesus Christ was a political deception;
   G) they would work with whomever would be easiest to deceive and held power;

   H) they now intended to stay on Earth permanently;
   I) they needed genetic material from humans to assist their own re-engineering;

   J) human leaders believed that they had to remain secret to not create panic;
   K) they would transfer some of their technology in exchange for assistance;

   L) they would not mutilate or harm openly as many humans in their experiments;
   M) they would abduct human subjects with the aid of government disinformation;

   N) the implants they used were to monitor and direct human behaviours;
   O) the senior human leaders approached were conceited, proud, greedy, envious 
          and co-dependent enough in their obsessions to believe all of the above.

The World Order had financed movies and books promoting the possibility of "friendly, docile, emotional, weird-looking" GRAY spacebeings arriving on Earth in the near future and of the status quo necessity of approaching such beings with confidence and friendship and the reverence due to a lifeform which was highly technologically advanced to all of humanity. Now the World Order had a MESS. It had to prepare for a REAL threat to the freedom and existence of humanity by a spaceperson culture which was already on the Earth, with its sanction, and prepare to obstruct it, WITHOUT alarming the common population.

The strategy had to be, based on the historical human patterns:

   	1. Consolidate human worldwide technology;
   	2. Conduct real battlefield tests of the most modern weaponry;
   	3. Begin to allow the dissemination of real facts about the GRAYS;
   	4. Encourage the mass media to keep the populations distracted;
   	5. Organize a true World Government ASAP;
   	6. Do whatever is necessary to achieve points 1-5.

1988 - During the year,
"R.J. Reynolds Corporation" introduces the ultracool cartoon character of "Joe Camel" as its marketing image to pre-teens in North America. The character shoots pool, rides motorcycles and associates with attractive women.

1988 - By June,
The number of spacecraft & space probes being launched annually by the Soviet Union has reached 150, while the U.S.A. has a launch schedule of 100. The Russian Academy of Science controls more than 300 basic research institutes. The Soviet Union was launching cheaper, simpler, short-lived spacecraft rather than the more highly technical, expensive and long-lived American efforts. Soviet engineers have a superior ability to find simple solutions to complicated problems, construct strong and large devices and to build for practicality than their American counterparts.

1988 - On June 8,
"Project Beta" is described in a letter from Paul F. Benewitz.
Its goal is to find, inventory and propose ways of destroying Alien bases. One such base was found in New Mexico; it is now abandoned. NASA film aided in the locating of the base and revealed USA military involvement. GRAYs helped the military to build a working flying saucer, Atomic Powered. Two women and a boy exposed to radiation burns by the craft have not received any assistance from the government for their medical bills. Another group called "ORANGE" is based on the west slope of Mt. Archeleta near the "Diamond".

1988 -
Don Schmitt, an investigator with the (Aerial Phenomena Research Organization) (APRO) in Tucson, Arizona, was interviewed by Captain Kevin D. Randle, USAF, ret. on the then current trends in the UFO situation. He responded that

"There has been more interaction as far as an open approach ... close encounters of any kind are way down. We're not getting the (reported) occupant cases as we used to through the mid-1950's and especially in 1973. We certainly are getting more abduction cases, however. So its ... showing more of a direct approach, more motive, and more purpose. But yet it's more secretive. That's where we're concerned. That these are legitimate experiences and that it's gone underground. And, they're now picking people at will. ... We are getting an increasing number of cases where they describe the two as working together. The humanoid with the human-appearing entities during the course of the abduction (working with the aliens). ... these are not the norm. ...

Where we have to be careful is with people who aren't looking for that release.
This feeling that something else happened. But we cannot create an entire scenario that only accentuates their difficulty, their whole problem, making it all the more difficult for them and making it that much more difficult for their spouses."

1988 - During mid-June,
A Toronto, Ontario Bankers' Third World Debt Summit met to try and find and offer solutions to countries considering permanent default of their excessive foreign loan balances. In jeopardy was $1.5 trillion in unresolved loans to 122 developing countries with major debtors including Brazil and Mexico. Basic policies advocated in order to keep these "customer" nations "on board" supporting international capitalism included these:

1. Extension of repayment of principal terms from the original 3 or 4 years to 20 years or longer;

2. Reduction of and stabilization of interest rates on the current loans;

3. Forgiveness of interest payments outstanding, in some situations, in return for a resumption of payments;

4. A return of the status of defaulted countries to creditworthiness so that renewed economic activity would permit new tax revenues to service the outstanding debts.

1988 -
Elliott Abrams, an Architect of Ronald Reagan's anti-communist crusade in Central America would later recall what happened when he complained to the Guatemalan strongman of the day about the army's alleged complicity in the murder of two Guatemalan citizens working for the U.S. Agency for International Development (AID). The two men were communists, declared the strongman, General Oscar Mejia Victores. Even so, said Abrams, murdering them was wrong. Replied Mejia: "These are necessary evils." More than 100,000 civilians would be killed.

A State Department official would later add:
"If you want to know about scum, you have to recruit scum." But scum sticks to whoever employs it.

1988 - During June,
"The War On Drugs", introduced by President Ronald Reagan's administration was now being reconsidered as the next American Presidential election was approaching. USA taxpayers had been paying between $10 billion and $14 billion each year for a program which had contributed to the extension of federal powers over the individual, an extension and centralization of civilian surveillance and policing, and an increase in public reaction against the abuses that were likely to emanate from such an authoritarian, coercive, and manipulative approach to culture shaping.

Drug-related problems were costing USA workers at least $40 billion in lost earnings during 1983 alone.
Strict enforcement of drug laws did little to influence that figure.
In 1986, 824,100 drug arrests had been made by state, county and city drug-enforcement officials.
Federal arrest added more. The sheer number of arrests were crippling the USA court system and overloading the prisons. Prison construction and incarceration was at an all-time high. At this rate 10% of the American population would soon be in prisons. The illicit drug industry had passed the $trillion mark.

The new proposed policy of the Reagan administration was that government make most - or even all - drugs legal. During 40 years of deception and manipulation by White House administrations, national security institutions, the advertising industry, the defense and energy industries, and the political and academic status quo - many Americans had lost faith in themselves and their political system and their economic future. Despair, conditioned immaturity, and traumatic personal experiences had conditioned many into rebelliousness or docility - each feeding the other. Honesty and awareness was the first step in the healing - to be avoided. Without that, no programs of drug rehabilitation would turn the tide, and few were proposed. The authoritarian prohibition approach to law and order had NEVER worked. The empowerment of the individual through skills training and awareness had never been long-term nor focused and could never succeed while billions of dollars promoted social anarchy. Why would an administration simply adopt a position of defeat: no options except abandonment? What could be done to regain a unified spirit between Americans?

1988 - By July,
96 Serious Nuclear Accidents had been tabulated by the "Center for Defense Information".
Such incidents were individually capable of starting a nuclear war and/or resulting in an extensive ecological disaster. The number did NOT include an additional number of more than 50 incidents kept secret by the USSR and its allies nor 10 incidents remaining secret within the USA defense bureaucracy.

Developed countries are currently spending less than 1/2 of 1% of their annual military budgets on international aid. It is not unusual that 50% of the international aid received by a country will carry with it a stipulation that it be used to purchase armaments from the granting nation. This ensures that the granting company to both receiving accolades in the public press and the common political circles for their generosity, while in reality, the granting nation is simply deceiving its citizens into supporting the home-origined armaments trade.

1988 - On July 18,
The building of a new Titanium pigment plant in the USA is announced by NL Chemicals.
No other plants have been built in the USA since 1978 although utilization of titanium has continued to increase in its applications and quantity. With new government motivation, in North America, to ensure that lead-based paints are replaced with safer alternatives, the titanium pigment industry has been given a long-term boost.

In addition, demands by environmentalists for paper manufacturers to use chlorine bleaching less because of the harmful chemicals released during manufacture and paper incineration (dioxins and others) has also boosted the industry. Titanium dioxide can be used as an alternative to the bleaching in order to attain a bright white product without toxic consequences for humans. Further, the utilization of titanium dioxide in consumer product plastics has demonstrated an economic and environmental advantage in by such products keeping their new white appearance much longer than the typical product which "yellows" within several years.

"NL Chemicals" will be building their new plant in Lake Charles, Louisiana.
Start-up: 1991. The new plant will be based on NL Chemicals' proprietary chloride process. Titanium pigments are used in the production of paints, plastics, paper, ceramics and fibers. World demand at the moment is estimated at 3 million tons per year with USA demand expecting to reach 1.1 million tons in 1988. The new plant will cost $200 million and produce 90,000 tons per year of titanium pigments. It will boost NL Chemicals' titanium pigment production to 445,000 tons per year, that is, over 13% of world supply. NL is already the Earth's 4th largest pigment producer with sales of $750 million. It's total corporate sales exceed $1 billion. All of the new plant's output will be marketed in the USA to alleviate a growing dependency on imported supplies. This is expected to improve the USA trade balance by $180 million/year.

Titanium esters, formed by the reaction of Titanium Tetrachloride with alcohols are becoming useful as waterproofing agents for a variety of natural and synthetic fabrics. The tetrabutyl and tetraisopropyl esters hydrolyse in moist air to give the dioxide - and, can be used to provide thin, transparent, and adherent coatings. Other compounds are being considered as flame-retardant additives for cellulose fabrics and as a cross-liking agent in lacquers so that on drying, the resulting film becomes inert to solvents. Each of these applications could further expand the use of titanium into the consumer market where the advantages of quality, utility, safety and health and environmental benefits are becoming more of a concern. Once again, the reactive properties of titanium and its resultant stable products, in the Earth's atmosphere, have been found to have positive potentials.

1988 - In July,
"Uniform Capital Guidelines" are published by the Basle Committee: "International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards".
They would be slated to come into effect globally on January 1, 1993.
Because of a year-end in March, the Japanese had an action date of March, 1993.
The standards had been under consideration since first set out in 1977 under the title, "Second Banking Co-ordination Directive" and associated measures (2BCD). Their intent was to set minimum standards for banking capital reserves relative to the risk of the assets in the bank's possession and the risk of the lending and investment liabilities which the bank had taken.

A bank involved in international business was to have a minimum capital reserve of 8% of its risk-weighted assets. The standards were agreed to by the Group of Ten, which now included Switzerland, for a total of eleven nations, in December, 1989. Other countries would agree later, to avoid sanctions or to obtain the benefits of "membership". Now each country had until 1993 to modify their national banking laws to mandate and authorize the changes. Many would be late.

Basle Committee chairman Peter Cooke said:

"Capital standards in international banking have been eroded, are continuing to be eroded, and should be eroded no further." Given the dangers of international lending, capital levels also needed to be rebuilt.

A permanent subcommittee was left to spend its time at looking at proposals for new forms of capital-raising. But as ever more complex financial instruments are invented, it becomes increasingly difficult to decide whether the funds should be regarded as high- or low-risk varieties. Stock market would continue to be unreceptive to new issues of bank stock (considered a risk-less asset).

Special types of lucrative bank stock would be created in an attempt to force the market.
At the same time new forms of securities, such as derivatives, were introduced onto the market and difficulty followed in trying to assign them a risk-weighting. Risk exposure from changes in foreign exchange or interest rates had not even been considered yet as reserve levels had proven to be the panic.

In general, capital elements were divided into two categories.
Tier One included paid-up share capital/common stock and non-cumulative preferred stock.
Tier Two included loan loss reserves, perpetual preferred stock, mandatory convertible debentures and subordinated debt.

The total of Tier One could not be exceeded by the total of Tier Two.
A "Solvency Ratios Directive" defined capital into a minimum ratio of capital to risk assets and further stipulated how risk was to be assessed and calculated for those assets. Essentially, a core (that is, basic) capital reserve equal to 3% of the total assets of the bank was to be maintained.

In addition, for risk-based capital, 8% had to be retained - a minimum 4% Tier One and a minimum 4% of Tier Two type. In other words, safe banks could "lend" out as (the equivalent capital) much as 89% of their assets earn income. The weighting of the asset determined how much of it you could hold relative to your reserve level. Typically, higher income assets yielded a higher risk of default or loss.

Risk Weighting defined by the 2BCD Basel Directives were as follows:

Riskless Assets: (0%)
- cash, preferred stock, gold bullion, gold certificates, U.S. Treasury securities;

Depositor Services : (20%)
- demand deposits, cheques in process, letters of credit, short-term claims;

Medium -risk : (50%)
- residential mortgages, private mortgage-backed securities, municipal bonds;

Higher-risk lending : (100%)
- high yield bonds, consumer loans, commercial loans, industrial development bonds, joint ventures, exchange rate controls, etc.

The higher the risk weighting, the higher the reserves desired for safety.

CAMEL (Capital, Asset, Management, Earnings, and Liquidity) ratings were introduced to measure the relative soundness of a bank. Ratings ran from 1-5, with 1 being given to those with the best performance. The ratings would be used by banking supervisory agencies to evaluate bank condition; those with a rating of 4 or 5 would be placed on an alert list. The ratings would be disclosed to bank management but not to the general public - no sense causing a panic. No controls or supervision would be available for banks involved in the insurance business, banks owned by non-financial institutions, or private banks. The principles of the plan would not become public until 1993 and then would NOT be carried in most mass media.

Michael Blandon, an informed writer in banking literature would write in 1993:

"What went wrong? The banks forgot the basics. Lending money carries risks.
There was a frenzy of competition to attract funds and to pass them on to borrowers - both at home and internationally - during the boom years of the 1980s. The result was that margins on lending were squeezed to an extent which ignored the possibility that when the world economy turned down, the banks would need to cover their backs against the threat of loan losses. ... Particularly in the international markets, banks borrowed ... at market-related rates rather than on interest-free current accounts. ... as the banks started to get into trouble and their own status in the marketplace deteriorated, many of their large clients found they could borrow more cheaply in the open market than could their own bankers."

1988 - During the year,
A UN survey estimated that 1.25 billion urban dwellers live with unacceptable high levels of air pollution.
In the East German city of Bittefeld, 90 to 100% of children had respiratory diseases.
In Athens, death rates were 6 times higher on heavily polluted days than on those when the air was relatively clear. In Hungary, the National Institute of Public Health concluded that "every 24th disability and every 17th death ... is caused by air pollution."

1988 - During the summer,
An Updated BMEWS (Ballistic Missile Early Warning System) became operational at Thule, in northern Greenland.
A new $80 million phased-array antenna, 50 m high and 122 m long, had been added for better detection of ICBMs approaching from the north. Similar improvements had been announced for the Fylingdales Moor station in Yorkshire, England. The new antennas are much smaller than the previous football-field-sized earlier ones and the giant spherical radomes previously dominating the landscape. The Fylingdales modification should be completed in 1992 and represents a $200 million contract to the Raytheon Co.

1988 - On July 18,
"NL Chemicals", a Titanium manufacturer, publicizes its intent to build a $200 million, 90,000 tons per year titanium pigment plant in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Start-up is expected to occur in 1991. No titanium pigment plants have been built in the USA for the past 10 years. The new plant will be based upon NL Chemical's proprietary chloride process.

1988 - During the year,
An Earthquake occurs in northeastern Armenia.
It is the strongest earthquake in Soviet history.
25,000 die and numerous towns and cities are destroyed.

In 1989, Mikhail Gorbachev would pledge that cities in northern Armenia would be rebuilt within 2 years.
In 1991, the Soviet Union would fragment politically. Armenia would be left a newly independent impoverished republic with less than 1/2 of the rebuilding completed in the better areas and less than 20% completed in other areas. By 1995, little additional rebuilding would have taken place.

At that time in Gyumri, a northeastern city, previously known as Leninakan, almost 50% of the 250,000 population would still be living in shipping crates and temporary shelters - rated as suitable for 2 years maximum of use and now entering their 7th year. Subject to leaking ceilings, rotting floors, cold, poorly or non-insulated mould impregnated housing - the prospect of epidemic chronic illness would rise. With most factories closed, unemployment high, water and hydro utilities undependable, heating supplies inadequate, government interim financial support minimal, the following factors continued to increase:

   	- minimal washroom facilities;
   	- overcrowding;
   	- poor sanitation;
   	- malnutrition;
   	- incidences of criminality;
   	- tuberculosis incidence;
   	- cholera incidence.

During 1994, the World Bank would advance a US$ 28 million loan to restart the rebuilding programs.
Samvel Mkhitarian, the construction manager of the World Bank would advise that "International experience shows that a disaster of this magnitude usually takes 16 years to repair, even in much more stable and well-developed countries. Arthur Khachatourian, a World Bank logistics officer would reflect: "Year by year, it's becoming worse. The economic situation isn't changing. People feel like they're in a big prison." Suicide rates would be climbing and people would be increasingly dependent on aid.

While the earthquake could have been prepared for and warning issued beforehand, IF humanity had set spiritual skills and self-sufficiency abilities ahead of the security and material benefits of dependency education and employment, such was not the choice. Will this become a future tend of hell-like existence for increasing numbers of humans?

1988 - By August,
Insectigone (diatomaceous earth / silicon dioxide) an insecticide "made entirely of natural, non-toxic (to humans) substances" is being marketed by "Chemfree" in Pascal stores and major garden centres in the Montreal, Quebec, Canada region. The talcum-like powder kills crawling insects such as earwigs, cockroaches, ants and spiders within 20 minutes by cutting into the insect's protective shell, causing dehydration and death. Yet the product is considered completely safe for humans, even if accidentally swallowed by children. Reasonably available as a basic inexpensive substance, many who become interested in the product will simply purchase and use the raw material. For this reason and the reasonable market price of the product, extensive advertising cannot be cost-justified. Much more toxic (to humans) and less effective chemical agents of much higher price will continue to be extensively promoted and used.

1988 - By August,
Sidney Lens, in his historical research on disarmament agreements considered and entered into since 1945, concludes that out of a total exceeding 6,000 negotiating sessions, not one thermonuclear warhead has been destroyed in 43 years of agreements. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) have largely considered the removal from service of aging military hardware with the full acknowledgement that such devices would be manufactured into more modern designs which promise increased accuracy, dependability, destructiveness, complexity, and technology dependency.

1988 - In August,
The Iran-Iraq War ends.
Pressure on Iraq would be exerted enthusiastically by the Sabah ruling family of Kuwait inspired by top-level CIA involvement. Saddam Hussein of Iraq wanted compensation for his war debt from Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, as well as settlement of the long-standing Kuwaiti-Iraqi dispute. The Iraqi's believed that the Kuwaiti's had encroached on Iraqi territory and was siphoning off Iraqi oil either directly, or by slant drilling along the border. This was likely an error, but the refusal of the Kuwaitis to allow a confirmation through an inspection of their drilling operations would only encourage the Iraqi's to assume that the Kuwaitis were stealing their oil.

1988 - After August,
The USA "Anti-Drug Abuse Act" is debated and brought into law by the 100th Congress as Public Law 100-690.
It was the next step in the global plan.
It would not be announced formally to the public until September 6, 1989.
Powers suggested in the anti-drug strategy then would include ousting those persons "suspected" of associating with drug dealers or sellers from public and private housing; mobilization of the National Guard and the USA military to fight addictive drug trafficking (not including alcohol, tobacco, coffee, or prescription drugs) in the continental USA; confiscation of property belonging to drug users; incarceration of first time offender drug users in work camps.

There was no hint of a recognition of the originating factors of hard drug use, no program to reduce or eliminate those factors, no programs for treatment and support towards health lifestyles and attitudes. While billions of dollars had been spent to create the problem, no one was interested in spending money on constructive research which would challenge the medical norms and status quo and lead to both an understanding of the addictive process and a cure from it. Material rationalism and capitalist market expansion were being forwarded by ignorance, fear, paranoia, a desire for control, and greed. .

1988 - By September,
An official Soviet Mars probe is postponed from 1988 to 1990.
It would subsequently be postponed until 1992, then 1994, then 1996.
The European Space Community, which had developed many of the experiments and instruments for the mission was becoming especially annoyed before 1994. A follow-up mission was expected to put a balloon in the planet's atmosphere and a rover on the surface; it was originally scheduled for 1994. By then, it was rescheduled for 1998.

1988 -
The SWIFT network is expanded to allow for broker-dealer and security firm access.
Security transfers and redemptions are added to the network services which facilitate the exchange of payment messages around the world and enable invoicing and receipt of payment to be effected within minutes.

This completes the first level of factors necessary to effect the support and growth of the capitalist world economy by maintaining a growth in reserve capitalization amounts despite cultural factors which are headed in the opposite direction of influence. Noteworthy factors include:

   A. Gold certificates have been used extensively for funding since 1973;
   B. The Basel Concordat committed banks to assist each other since 1975;
   C. Third Country Acceptances > payment in the $$ of the "seller" since 1977;
   D. CHIPS revisions led to settlement at the end of the day, since 1981;

   E. Eurodollar deposits become acceptable for USA banks, since 1981;
   F. The Group of Seven determine to stabilize economic policy, since 1986;

   G. SWIFT facilities are extended to broker-dealers & security firms, 1988;
   H. Capital Adequacy regulations for reserves have been set out since 1977;

   I. The Marcos had been removed from power and were under indictment.

International banking reserves were low and quickly diminishing as a recession was setting worldwide and depositors were using their savings to pay off debts, pay down mortgages, make direct purchases, support themselves through unemployment, pay for retraining, assist disadvantaged sons and daughters, purchase securities rather than accept low bank account interest. All nations had their citizens complaining of high taxes and high deficits were just beginning to become a concern. An increasing proportion of taxes was simply being required to pay the interest due annually on the national debt. More taxes could not be used to increase the supply of gold certificates. Gold bullion could not be purchased directly, unless you had a budgetary surplus - something which capitalistic nations had avoided for decades. What could be done to maintain and raise the level of banking reserves to prevent world currency meltdown?

The central banks could not legally purchase non-governmental securities UNLESS they were risk-free AND had an established market value. Pools of capital and bullion had been growing for decades, secretly, and, technically, illegally. Since the 1930s, Swiss banks had been providing numbered and special accounts for use by the dictators, generals, underworld and high income earners of many countries. For the first time, Swiss banks following the Basel Concordat, opened their confidential records to the US Treasury Department. Together with the assistance of the CIA, they identified 6 major sources of what they considered illicit funds - some of which had been obtained with, or "hidden" with the assistance of the CIA:

   1.  The accounts of the Marcoses;
   2.  The account of the Shah of Iran;
   3.  The accounts of the American Mafia;
   4.  The account of an American billionaire and tax defrauder;
   5.  The accounts of SE Asian underworld triads;
   6.  The accounts of South American junta leaders.

As they were "discovered", they were "seized" and made available to a Trilateral Commission which with the assistance of the Swiss banks in question, began issuing original source corporate capital debentures in US $100 million values, which, of course, were guaranteed by the Swiss banks.

But these "raw" debentures could not be used to build bank reserves until they had established their value by being traded in an "open" market. Nor could the banks offer the Bonds for sale, as that act would be illegal. Through selective contacts with national accounting, legal, real estate, and investment house firms, an arrangement was offered.

The arrangement, in simplified terms, runs as follows:

1. The private prospective investor would approach the bank and submit a written "Letter of Intent" declaring that he was interested in buying Prime Bank Debentures (also referred to as Prime Bank Guarantee of Funds Certificates). The documents were, essentially, a guarantee by a Swiss bank that the capital described was on hand and in safekeeping at the bank.

2. The bank would then acknowledge that such securities existed and that they could be purchased.

3. The prospective investor would then be asked to offer verification that indeed he did have the cash required to make such a purchase.

4. When the prospective investor's bank confirmed the presence of the capital, held against any other use than this investment, the bank brought out a contract on behalf of a Trilateral front corporation.

5. The astute investor also asked about the possibility of arranging a sale for the to-be-traded securities and the bank concurred from the present market as to which central banking facility required an injection of reserve funding.

6. A contract was arranged between the prospective investor and the central, or major, bank to be involved.

For the investor not to lose part or all of the cash paid for the security, it was necessary for the security to change hands immediately to a new buyer - so as not to acquire further banking and exchange charges.

The investor wanted a profit from such a large and confidential transaction and it was provided.

1988 - In September,
Chemical Weapons were used as part of an ongoing search-and-destroy operation in Kurdistan by the Iraqi government under the leadership of Saddam Hussein.

It was not the first time that the Kurds had been gassed.
The British Army had killed thousands more by gas shells in 1920.
Neither incident incurred international penalty, thereby suggesting sanction.

The men, women, and children in the town of Halabja became the latest civilian casualties.

1988 - During the year,
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and their development was centralized within the Defense Department under order of the USA Congress. The "Joint Project Office" (JPO) was created to oversee the unified program. Of course, this centralization would still not include "black" (secret) programs. Now that the programs were largely out in the open, their continuance would demand a tactical demonstration of their usefulness.

1988 - During the year,
Louis Rapoport, in his "Confrontations", reports and comments on Israeli life and the conflicts within Israeli society:

"Thousands of Israelis leave (Israel) every year for a period of study abroad, government or Zionist organization business, sabbaticals or just 'a break' to earn real money. A good many, even some of the aliya emissaries, never come back. These people are often the cream of the crop. ...

'I'm not sure anymore if Israel is the answer. Zionist goals are not my goals.'

Zionism, he felt, had been co-opted, or swept away, by those who believe in a Greater Israel or a religious Israel, who say that democracy is not really part of Judaism, and who easily justify the subjugation of another people. 'We Jews, who have been wronged by nationalism, are doing the same to our Arab neighbours. When you are in the army, and you are fighting, you have to believe in what you are fighting for. I had to ask myself, who is closer to being my brother, Arik Sharon or my Arab neighbours? There's no doubt in my mind - my Arab neighbours.

Those people who feel they must leave for economic, psychological or other reasons cannot survive on hope; they feel they have no choice. It is a painful decision for most of them. Why should they be burdened with guilt laid on thick by the self-righteous souls who think people are only looking for an 'excuse' to leave. That attitude is almost Soviet: 'We educated them, gave them everything, and then they spit in our faces and abandon us.' ...

I know a veteran Israeli, a man who has devoted most of his years to the Jewish people, ... His feelings had nothing to do with the economy, the horrible drivers, the maddening bureaucracy, the inefficiency or the everyday meanness some people encounter in the streets. He believes Israel is on a collision course with disaster, because the country's leaders do not deal with basic issues concerning national and religious identity, relations with the Jews outside Israel, and the Palestinian question. ...

Something is obviously wrong if only 60,000 American Jews have come to Israel since 1948, while at least 6 times that number of Israelis have gone to the U.S., the home of the largest Jewish population in the world, a land that has drawbacks of its own.

What would happen if, for example, a genuine land reform were enacted, if the land in Galilee and the Negev and the central plain were no longer held in trust for 'the Jewish people' but made available cheaply to Israelis and Jews abroad who want to immigrate to this tortured but vibrant land? What if a unilateral Israeli peace initiative brought results? What if honest pay were accorded for honest work, a total reform of the inequitable tax system? What if parasitical institutions, whose only product is red tape, were eliminated? Perhaps hundreds of thousands would come, and tens of thousands who want to leave would change their minds. For Israel, despite all the legitimate complaints, is a glorious place to live, and it does seem to have a special future.

1988 - By October,
The "1988 Annual Study of the UN Population Fund" has concluded that the amount of agricultural land available for human use is now decreasing. New deserts, largely resulting from overpopulation and eradication of forest and jungle landcover, are growing at the rate of 14.8 million acres every year. Over 26 billion tons of topsoil are lost each year and the tropical forests, which produce significant amounts of the planet's oxygen, are shrinking by 27 million acres per year. 1/3rd of humanity is approaching starvation; 3/4ths are malnourished, that is, undernourished or overnourished - out of balance. If you are not aware of this REALITY and the others presented in this document, on what reality are you making your decisions and interacting with those persons who make decisions on your behalf?

The human population on the Earth is growing at the rate of 220,000 people per day; 150 babies per minute. 90% of these are born in the materially disadvantaged Third World countries. In 20 years, 6 billion humans could be cramped into these countries. Social unrest and military autocracy is at its highest prevalence in such countries. At this rate of population growth and current rates of fatality, in 600 years there would be one person standing on every square meter of current Earth landmass. Obviously, long before that time, many humans would have starved themselves and fought each other to death in a desperate bid to survive. The influence of the activities of such masses of people would also have encouraged the possibility for the development of and pandemic of fatal diseases both currently known and unknown while climates would continue to become more extreme and agriculture less productive.

When European farmers invaded North America, there were regions with 6 to 10 feet of topsoil.
Erosion, lack of crop rotation, human induced climatic change, and, reliance upon harsh chemical fertilizers - has decreased that average surface layer of plant nutrition to 3 inches, with some areas having only 1 inch. In the latter case, one dry season could result in such lands becoming deserts as their topsoil disappears into the air. An investment of less than 1% of the annual expenditure on armaments - US $10,000,000,000., could educate most people about the long-term benefits of organic farming and the recycling of organic "waste" and sewage: a low-cost, non-dependency form of land regeneration.

1988 - By November,
"The National Emergencies Act" (50 USC sec. 1601) had been passed by the American Congress.
It conferred special powers in the time of war or national emergency to the President.
The President can invoke those special powers simply by declaring a national emergency, as in a banking or environmental crisis. Once invoked, the emergency powers are directed by the National Security Council and administered, where appropriate, by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) . There is no requirement that Congress be consulted before an emergency is declared or findings signed. The only restriction on President Bush is that he must inform Congress in a "timely" fashion -- he being the sole judge of "timeliness". Ultimately, the president's perception of the severity of a particular threat to national security and the integrity of his appointed officers determine the nature of any state of national emergency.

1988 - Beginning during this year,
The Bank of Canada would adopt a policy of mandating high interest rates for the purpose of eliminating and preventing inflation in the Canadian economy. Charged with the dual responsibilities, as the Central Bank of Canada, with both control inflation and encouraging economic growth - the balance of those priorities would be lost until the economy and culture were hopelessly ruined in the later 1990s.

Canadian business and political leaders have frequently received their later economic theory mentoring from American universities - either through early intellectual patterning, the political influence of prestigious American university (i.e. Harvard) journals and academic speakers, or, through their envy for the American system and the assumption that Canada was, or could be, a logical extension of the American system. The American model, at this point, has promoted the capitalist myth that lower taxes and greater individual freedom of choice would make for a more just society. In reality, their concept of greater individual choice is one of minimal government funding for education, medical and other social service programs.

This works well to favour the richer 5% of the American population who possess the majority of American investment (and interest income) assets and who can easily afford the expenses associated with private schooling, private health care, and, seldom need be concerned about being laid off, transferred or downsized from the companies which they own. The consistent reality of such a system is that the poorer participants in the society are continually exposed to the vagaries of economic and environmental mishaps and are continually targeted by the advertising media for exploitation: the services and products available to them are often inefficient and economically costly. Still, it is in the interest of the economically advantaged, and within their economic power - to perpetuate the myth that such a capitalistic system provides the opportunity and incentive whereby the ruthless and obsessed and fortunate person can, occasionally, "beat" the system and evolve into the higher earning levels of the culture.

Few cultures have more dramatically accepted the American myth of capitalism more than that of Canada. Buoyed by the idealism generated by excessive dependency of the electorate upon government funded education, health care, welfare, and a multiplicity of special interest support programs - Canadians have grown to desire lower taxes, as a nation of predominantly debtor participants, while expecting a wide range of government supported services to be retained.

Moody's Rating Service, an internationally referenced and respected securities rating service has become, and will continue to be, lobbied by "frantic" representatives of the Canadian Investment Community (largely occupied by Americans, Germans, Saudis, Chinese, and other non-Canadians) to lower the quality rating of Canadian government bonds. The oft proposed rationale is the desire to force political action into reducing the Canadian National Debt. The end and desired result is to raise interest rates and provide elevated incomes to the participants in the Canadian Investment Community (a general and informal classification of investors). The plan works, media and political paranoia regarding the National Debt is parleyed into a simplistic policy of stringent inflation control - and interest rates are maintained at relatively high rates for an economy in need of growth out of a recession.

The influence of the policy is predictable, drastic, and sustained.
Higher business costs reduce profits and result in companies, downsizing staff, becoming more aggressive and deceptive in their practices, and increasing numbers go bankrupt, merge, or fade into oblivion. Reduced employment will result in higher personal debt loadings, reduced spending, reduced taxation income to the government, increased government expense for social services, and, an increasing government debt.

Had a balanced approach been taken politically, greater employment would have provided greater government revenues and the possibility of lowered national debt levels while conserving social services. A rise in the value of the Canadian dollar would have increased the asset value of Canadian investments much beyond any losses from possibly lower interest returns. A largely unsophisticated, dependent, and naive Canadian public will allow their economy to be raped (forcibly seduced into submission) by the investment community. Much widespread hardship will result as the media and the politicians remain largely in denial.

1988 - During this time,
The Allagash River Abduction of 1976 began to be researched in greater detail.
Jim and Jack Weiner, brothers and two of the four participants had discovered in their communications that the nightmares which each had experienced over the past 12 years since the incident were nearly identical. They went to see Ray Fowler, a "lost-time" abduction researcher who regressed each separately through the use of hypnosis to the time of the incident. Each remembered almost the identical experience which they had not had conscious recall of earlier. Assembling the four men involved, each was tested by Earnest Reid, a polygraph examiner, to determine if they were telling the truth. All tested positive.

With the help of hypnotic regression, it was remembered, independently, that after the beam of light from the large, round, bright, yellow-white aerial object came to rest on them while they were paddling their boat to the shore, they felt as if their bodies were being pulled apart molecule by molecule. At the same time there was a sensation of pressure and heat. One then saw himself positioned on an examination table with the other three sitting on a bench nearby, naked. One of the brothers saw that a strange bipedal being of same or higher height with an insect-like head having unblinking large dark eyes was inspecting his brother with a wand of approximately 1 foot in length with a bulbous tip at the end. In fear, an anal exam was experienced and their minds were flooded with hologram-like images which forced them to be aroused sexually: a sperm sample was taken. After the experience, both Jim and Jack Weiner had noticed that their artistic and intellectual abilities and motivations changed dramatically.

Because the nightmares continued, Jim and Jack suspected that they were continuing to be abducted and had earlier been "tagged" in some fashion to enable the spacebeings to relocate them easily and quickly. They also began to suspect that the repetitive pre-teen experience which they had shared regarding a being they had termed "Harry the Ghost" was actually a visit from or an abduction by spacepersons. When they had mentioned the youthful experiences to their parents, the parents had simply laughed off the descriptions as childhood imagination. Since the relating of the experiences never gained the boys more than a passing notice, there was no motivation for them to "invent" the stories. Yet this does demonstrate the frequent response of parents toward children who inform them of experiences with which they cannot relate and of which they cannot understand: denial.

This reaction of denial appears to be more prevalent in human societies which follow a human authority basis and centralized political and educational system. Humans appear to normally be born with a considerable capacity for change, awareness, and reverence regarding perceptions of the unknown. In the more frequent form of authority-based human society, humans are conditioned to believe that all perceptions hold specific meanings as determined by past and present human authorities within the culture and that other meanings or observations are wrong or inappropriate.

While this social mechanism promotes a concentration of power and a reverence for human leaders, achievements and knowledge - it restricts the individual's likelihood of survival in situations in which personal, independent, innovative action must replace tradition-bound, group-dependent and narrow-optioned alternatives, strategies and tactics. All brittle structures eventually crack and crumble into dust under the challenge of increasing requirements for change.

1988 - November 19th:
Captain Kevin D. Randle, USAF ret., researcher and author concludes his book "The UFO Casebook" with these words:

"Ten years ago if you had suggested that the answers to the questions would be found inside, in libraries and archives and darkened rooms, I would have laughed at you, sure that the answers would be found in the burned areas on the ground, or the films being taken. Now, today, I'm convinced that the answers have already been learned by a select group of people. The answers to the puzzle exist, here on Earth, and it's going to be someone in an archive who's going to find them. That's an ironic thing. The answers to whether there is life on other planets is not going to be found in the field or by studying astronomy. The answer is going to be found in a library -- just where you've always been told to go to find the answers to the difficult questions."

1988 - During the year,
Operation Starwatch is initiated by the FBI with the intent of obtaining surveillance of drug smuggling activities taking place between Columbia and the USA. The plan is to sell Turbo Commander aircraft, considered to have the best capabilities for low level, fast flights of cargoes over longer distances, to the Colombian drug lords. Each aircraft is to be fitted with the latest electronic surveillance equipment to enable it to be tracked by satellites during its flights. The intelligence so gained is hoped to define the shipment routes and the end points involved in the drug trafficking trade.

An FBI front-company is set up in Memphis, Tennessee, to sell the planes.
Over the next 3 years, 50 planes, worth US $45 million are sold to the Columbian cartel.
The information obtained only confirms what is already known. The planes are used to transfer the drugs from Columbia to Mexico, Guatemala and Canada - from where they enter the USA overland. The USA Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) warns the FBI that the Colombians know what the FBI is doing by the time the 10th plane has been sold and that the Colombians are laughing at the ineptitude of the FBI. In one instance, Canadian RCMP Narcotics agents catch a plane loaded with 500 kilos of drugs with the help of one of their informants. After more than 5 years, the program has been cancelled and the Londono family have been charged with money laundering: there have been no drug-related charges laid.

What facilitated the laundering of $45 million dollars was the following:

   1. It depended on the cooperation of the major USA intelligence agencies;
   2. Once approved, the bureaucracy kept it going in the hope of proving itself;
   3. Senior FBI officers were instructed by the NSA, to continue the operation;

   4. The DEA advised the FBI that the plan had been uncovered, and was ignored;
   5. Almost 40 American agencies share drug enforcement activities, separately;

   6. The CIA would not allow use of their best electronic bugs for fear of loss;
   7. Second choice tracking mechanisms were used;
   8. The NSA, CIA and Pentagon refused access to their satellites;

   9. The NSA wanted the drug trafficking to continue.

In the interest of National Security, it was reasoned as more dangerous to completely stop the supply of addictive drugs to a highly addicted population than to let it continue. A complete disruption of the supply would lead to an epidemic of individuals acting out as they responded to "cold turkey" withdrawal symptoms. That would result in the almost immediate revelation of who and how many persons in America were drug dependent. Such was expected to shock the average American on multiple levels. At least 1% of those addicted would be expected to die of sudden withdrawal factors including chemical shock, overdosing, suicide, violence. The suddenness of these 1000+ deaths was expected to provide an additional public shock.

Drug related crimes were expected to increase by 400% for a period of at least 2 weeks after such a restriction as addicts went through forced withdrawal or responded in desperation to purchase disappearing supplies at inflating prices. These crimes would include more-violent-than-usual thefts, robberies, spousal battering, aggravated assaults, rapes, manslaughters, murders. This drug "cleansing" of the country would justify the use of Presidential powers to declare a state of martial law and utilize the Executive Orders already passed to maintain order. This was not desired because the NSA and the President had a more urgent international political agenda to satisfy first.

Be warned. When a national state of emergency must be called, or, when any of numerous national or global catastrophes occurs, this drug-cult impact will be felt.

1988 -
Dr. Robert Birge of Carnegie-Mellon University reports that nonthermal microwave radiation could cause a change in the light-sensitive chemicals in the retina. This change was accompanied by the total absorption of the microwave radiation. It was suggested that Stealth-type aircraft could be made totally invisible to radar by being coated with similar chemicals. Details of this project are now classified.

1988 - By this year,
Suburban Contract Killings and Contracts in the USA begin to become noticeable and to increase.
At least 60% will originate in the home with disgruntled spouses, lovers or children initiating the request. Most will neither involve business, drugs or money. Most will originate in middle-class families and suggest an overt reliance on TV "reality". The trend suggests an increasing degree of emotional immaturity, an increased emphasis on the material aspects of a relationship and an increasing dissociation from reality and self-responsibility.

1988 - On December 2,
The Atlantis Space Shuttle (STS mission 27) was launched and incurred considerable exterior tile damage (125-175) during the maximum angle assent led to some concern. The Martin-Marietta $500 million Lacrosse satellite was deployed using the remote manipulator arm some 7 hours after launch. There was some difficulty in releasing the solar arrays to their full 45.8 m span. Lacrosse later used its own thrusters to place it in an orbit from which it could provide the NSA and CIA their first all-weather day/night metre-class imaging of the Soviet Union.

1988 - During the year,
Salman Rushdie, a London, England-based author, has his novel entitled "The Satanic Verses" published.
A popular author of children's stories, this would be one of his first adult novels to be published.
It would rush him into notoriety as the author made most popular by a Moslem religious leader's declaration that it was a privilege that any Moslem should murder Rushdie, and receive a reward of at least $1 million. The significance of this lies not with Rushdie but with the actions of the Ayatollah Khomeni, appointed spiritual leader of the Middle Eastern Moslems and new political powerlord of Iran. His declaration betrays the intent of Mohammed, the founder of the Moslem religion of Islam in that it refutes the dignity of life, admonishes followers to commit one of the worst spiritual crimes, mentors an abuse of power which mandates that coercion is preferable when the end result is rationalized as worthy, condemns the religious tolerance which confirms the spiritual strength of any religion, and, sets an example of ruthless egotism by a leader for those who look to him for guidance.

Nadine Gordimer, a reviewer, praises the novel on the book jacket:

"Abundant in enchanting narratives and amazingly peopled.
The "Satanic Verses" is both a philosophy and an Arabian nights entertainment.
What wit, what real warmth in Rushdie's thousand-eyed perceptions of the inferno within us and the vainglory of our aspirations! His ambitions are huge, and his creativity triumphantly matches them."

In the acknowledgements noted in the rear of the book, Rushdie qualifies, in part, his references to the Koran:

"The quotations from the Quran in this book are composites of the English versions of N.J. Dawood in the Penguin edition and of Maulana Muhammad Ali (Lahore, 1973), with a few touches of my own; ...."

First of all, the work is a novel and as such it is meant to relate a fantasy and not reality.
Yet, for the story to be successful in stimulating the reader, it must suggest the scent of reality in its portrayals and must persuade the reader to sympathize with the emotions and actions of the characters described. Perhaps Rushdie was too effective in his portrayal of modern day Moslems as part of the common British-American society and part of the larger community of industrial economy humanity.

Rushdie speaks of the famous and the average equally falling weakly into dreams of and actions of debauchery and emotional excess. An Indian movie star playing the roles of Hindu gods on the screen becomes a philanderer in constant betrayal to his wife. The intellectual passivity of philosophical characters is demonstrated as repeatedly they are challenged with circumstances to which they respond by rebellious thoughts which they conceal in egotistical shyness. Hallucinations, superstitions, obsessive erotic dreams and allusions, deliriums, nervous exhaustion, schizophrenic visions and confused perceptions of spiritual meaning are punctuated by an incessant stream of the all too common slang of the industrialized world: blasphemy. A few excerpts may convey a sense of some of the musings expressed by Rushdie:

The use of rationalization as an excuse for irresponsibility:

"In ancient time the patriarch Ibtahim came into this valley with Hagar and Ismail, their son. Here, in this waterless wilderness, he abandoned her. She asked him, can this be God's will? He replied, it is. And left, the bastard. From the beginning men used God to justify the unjustifiable. He moves in mysterious ways: men say." 95

The use of materialistic and idolatrous personified spirituality in which the adherent is taught to expect that by the magic of ritual that God can be harnessed to one's needs, and then, be disappointed when God fails to hear our demands because we have lost our humility and reverence.

"Halfway into sleep, or halfway back to wakefulness, Gabreel Farishta is often filled with resentment by the non-appearance, in his persecuting visions, of the One who is supposed to have the answers, He never turns up, the one who kept away when I was dying, when I needed him. The one it's all about, Allah Ishvar God. Absent as ever while we writhe and suffer in his name." page 111

The use of superstition to justify our existence, to enable us to deny awareness in the service of some ego flattering assumption which elevates our identity above that of the rest of miserable humanity - so judged by the men who proclaim themselves to be our spiritual leaders. Those leaders who lead us away from the spiritual skills and strengths which would enable a communication link between ourselves and the Holy Spirit of God.

"The sock was removed, revealing what looked to be a perfectly ordinary, if outsize, foot. Then Gabreel counted and counted again, from one to six. 'The same on the other foot,' Maslama said proudly. 'I never doubted the meaning for a minute.' He was the self-appointed helpmate of the Lord, the sixth toe on the foot of the Universal Thing. Something was badly amiss with the spiritual life of the planet, thought Gibreel Farishta. Too many demons inside people claiming to believe in God." page 193

The apparent transformation of humanity's perception of God from that of a spiritual entity which words could only describe through the reflection of its characterisitcs to one of physical image - an image one could possess, see, and worship with pride rather than a entity one could revere with humility.

"This notion of separation of functions, light versus dark, evil versus good, may be straightforward enough in Islam - O children of Adam, let not the Devil seduce you, as he expelled your parents from the garden, pulling off from them their clothing that he might show them their shame - but go back a bit and you see that it's a pretty recent fabrication. Amos, eighth century BC, asks: "Shall there be evil in a city and the Lord hath not done it?" Also Jahweh, quoted by Deutero-Isaiah two-hundred years later, remarks: "I form the light, and create darkness; I make peace and create evil; I the Lord do all these things." It isn't until the Book of Chronicles, merely fourth century BC, that the word shaitan is used to mean a being, and not an attribute of God.'"

Then, there is the awareness expressed of the ultimate weakness of humanity: its desire to emulate a God which it has transformed to become an image of itself: self-worship.

"In my family, too," Mirza Saeed in his insomnia answered the sleeping toy merchant, "we have suffered from a kind of disease; one of detachment, of being unable to connect ourselves to things, events, feelings. Most people define themselves by their work, or where they come from, or suchlike; we have lived too far inside our heads. It makes actuality damn hard to handle." page 490

And, a call to the masses to consider the technological world of lies and half-truths which humanity is ever increasingly being smothered by.

"On the (airplane's) cabin's movie screen a stewardess was demonstrating the various safety procedures. In a corner of the screen an inset male figure translated her into sign language. This was progress, Chamcha recognized. Film instead of human beings, a small increase in sophistication (the signing) and a large increase in the cost. High technology at the service, ostensibly, of safety; while in reality air travel got daily more dangerous, the world's stock of aircraft was ageing and nobody could afford to renew it. Bits fell off planes every day, or so it seemed, and collisions and near-misses were also on the up. So the film was a lie, because by existing it said: Observe the lengths we'll go to for your security. We'll even make you a movie about it . Style instead of substance, the image instead of the reality ...." page 513

Rushdie, for having written a book, would now have to live a life of fear and paranoia.
His wife would leave him, unable to cope with the constant seclusion, secrecy, and threats to their family. When the Jews discovered that a fellow Jew called upon them to leave their idolatrous self-worship and return to the spirit of their faith, they lobbied for His death and for that of those who followed His Way. When the Roman Catholics could not coerce the commoner to deny religious abuses and totalitarian human authority, they burned books and those who wrote, read and published them. When they discovered that the natives of other cultures and nations held their own religious beliefs and sacred writings, they massacred and dominated the natives, burned the books, and pronounced these achievements in the name of their God!

Torn by the hypocracy of the practices of professed Jews and Christians, Mohammed called for self-assertion, self-defense, and the peace of a unified community with the hope that such uniformity would enable a return to the reverence for a spiritual God rather than an idol. The founders of most institutionalized human religions have failed in that those self-appointed to spread the word after the mentor departed, did so by ritual and force rather than by personal example of spiritual strength. The invocation of murder because you cannot stave the criticism of others with the demonstrated benefits of your chosen WAY, is an admission that your Way is weak and easily defeated, or, that you have forgotten what your Way means.

1988 - In December,
Bob Oechsler, while on a late night research effort at Gulf Breeze, Florida, U.S.A., experienced a time lapse.
He was alone at the Players Golf and Country Club resort awaiting the prospect of a sighting. He had been keeping tight records with regular time checks when, less than ten minutes after a time check recording, it suddenly became quite warm in the car. The outside temperature was chilly, so Bob initially thought that his car heater was being quite efficient. He lowered his car window, leaned back on the seat and looked up at the constellation of Orion. Instead of the typical 3 stars in a row there were 5 and he pondered this for what he felt was several minutes, then realizing that he was quite chilly.

Raising the window he noticed that at least 15 minutes had lapsed and glancing around he noticed that he was no longer at the Club but had mysteriously been relocated to Southside Drive, the scene of a number of previous sightings. He was parked in the same spot that Ed Walters, the prime reporter of Gulf Breeze sightings had been with his truck on January 12, 1988 during an incident. No explanation could be found.

Later in the month, while travelling across the Three Mile Bridge to Pensacola with Ed Walters in his truck, they saw a UFO little more than 200 feet out over the water at an altitude of about 50 feet moving at a comparable velocity as themselves. At first it moved parallel with them and then it drifted away at the same speed, leaving a reflection on the water of the golden-orange ring on the bottom of the craft. The sighting lasted 2-3 minutes as the object disappeared from view near the pier area on the Pensacola shoreline.

Although an automatic camera was at hand, it never occurred to either of the men to take a picture. Charles Flannigan was driving in a vehicle behind them and was totally unaware of the occurrence and the two ahead of him seemed to be too stunned to signal to him.

BACK to PEAR
INDEX

Memory Stimulators.
1989 - HIGHLIGHTS:

Movies:

Uncle Buck; Parenthood; Star Trek 5: The Final Frontier; Glory; Cyborg; The Abyss; Weekend at Bernies; In The Belly of the Dragon; Troop Beverly Hills; Lethal Weapon II; Relentless; Leviathan; Out of the Dark; Bye Bye Blues; Lock Up; War of the Roses; Hit List; Jacknife; Bulleseye!; Blind Fury; They Live; Drugstore Cowboy; True Believer; Raider of the South Seas; Pet Sematary; River of Death; The Experts; Freakshow; Out of the Dark; Sweet As You Are; Shirley Valentine; She's Out of Control; My Left Foot; Kickboxer

A joint human-GRAY underground base is established in northeast Oklahoma state.

General News:

The Exxon Valdez oil tanker runs aground in Alaska's Prince William Sound.
Almost 11 million gallons of oil fouled the environment in the subsequent spill.

1989 - By this year,
The GRAY Three Virus (G3V) begins a breakout in infected humans.
That is, since before 1974, some GRAY-abducted humans have been cross-infected with the dual viruses which the GRAYS came to the Earth to recover from, plus a virus which was accidentally produced during the GRAY's bioengineering experimentation.

As mentioned earlier, the dual virus influences the display of subtle long-term symptoms in the infected humans which are idiosyncratic to the human lifeform (depression and increased sexual obsession). The abducted humans have been accidentally exposed to the GRAY dual virus during artificial fertilization procedures on human females and during artificial semen extraction from human males. This was a result of the change in experimental emphasis during 1957 to 1974 to that of gene transfer or exchange between humans and GRAYS.

It was during that period that a new virus, G3V, was experimentally formed and spread through much of the GRAY population before it was discovered. Technical ability of a lifeform does not relate directly to awareness. It is transferred by way of the life solution which humans call "blood." Blood exchanges between GRAYS spread the virus. Smaller blood sampling of humans were the vector by which this third virus entered subject humans. Perhaps fortunately, the new virus remains dormant in humans until it is triggered by a biochemical catalyst. At that point, a protective covering surrounding the virus is degraded and the virus "leaks" out and becomes active.

The "catalyst" which engenders this activation within infected humans is a high dosage of raw, crushed garlic. Key ingredients in garlic include fluorine, ammonia, .... In the intestine, these ingredients are effective at driving parasites out because they chemically suggest that the host has died and is in a state of decay. Parasites do not generally seek to stay or live in dead hosts. A secondary factor is that these chemicals are corrosive and adequate quantities in close proximity to small organisms are very irritating to them: toxic. Thus garlic does not help digestion directly. It drives away other organisms which are in competition with your body for the nutrients which you have taken in for your own survival and health.

Examples of parasites which humans can acquire include these:

   amoebiasis
   amoebic dysentery
   balantidium coli
   chilomastic mesnilii
   clostridia
   cryptosporidium
   dientamoba fiagilis
   endolimax nana
   enteromanas hominis
   entomba coli
   giardiasis
   iodamoeba beutschilii
   isospora belli
   leptospirosis
   microsporidium
   pseudomembraneous colitis
   retortomonas intestinalis
   salmonellosis
   sarcocystis hominis
   schistosomiasis
   shigellosis, and many more.

Categories of other parasites include bacteria, boils, fleas, flukes, fungi, heartworms, hookworms, leeches, lice, mites, nematodes, pinworms, ringworms, ticks, trematodes, venereal diseases, viruses, warts.

Garlic is often used by humans as a flavouring accent in their foods as well as for reasons of health improvement.
Humans frequently eat fried foods spiced with fried garlic or fresh foods lightly spiced with crushed garlic as well as bread slices with a thin spread of garlic puree. None of these dosages are ordinarily strong enough to act as a catalyst for this virus. A catalyst must be present in exactly the required concentration or greater for it to provide any influence.

The human symptoms of an activated GRAY-Three virus (G3V) are best described as follows:
minor neck muscle stiffness; minor muscle aches; facial flushes of temperature; minor incidences of sweating; rapidly developing fatigue; deep sleep; febrile paralysis; coma; death.

If the person is driving a vehicle, the development of fatigue and a slippage into deep sleep may happen quickly enough to result in an accident involving injuries, the shock of which can activate a heart attack, or stroke, in the latter minutes of life. These are usually noted as the causes of death unless other, accident initiated injuries appear to be more devastating.

If the person is walking through an area in which a fall could prove fatal, the progression of these latter symptoms may be such as to result in such a fall and such a presumed death. Crossing a street, standing at the edge of a subway or train platform, descending a long flight of stairs, ....

Other hazardous environments for such an individual include SCUBA and deep diving, working with explosive gases, working near sources of radiation which are fatal to humans, working near enclosed toxic gas reservoirs (agricultural silos, manure storage tanks), and toxic gas (chlorine, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, ...) conveyance repairs.

These and similar environments and conditions represent no greater-than-normal hazard, UNLESS the human under consideration in BOTH infected with G3V, and, has triggered its activation with a relatively high ingestion of raw garlic.

The G3V may be confused and "anaesthetized" by the presence of other "stronger" competitors in the blood, or in organs which feed nutrients into the blood: large and small intestines, liver. Such competitors include other forms and species of established parasites - such as liver flukes, iodamoeba beutschlii, nematodes, roundworms, tapeworms, and others. Eradication of these from the person's system removes a chemical compound produced by each of these lifeforms during its presence. Without the presence of this toxin, the G3V begins to multiply in the blood. Nothing else is known to retard or stop the development of G3V, other than Biocidin.

A "natural" remedy for the expulsion of some of these parasites which has been used by humans for thousands of years is a combination of molasses and crushed raw garlic - taken in relatively large concentration: 1 rounded tablespoon of garlic and 2 tablespoons of molasses with 10 +/- ounces of water three or four times daily and with relatively no additional food for an initial period of 7 days. Typically, since some parasites can only be expelled in the adult stage of growth, and, they will not develop from egg-to-larva and larva-to-adult, while the medication is being taken - this dosage must be repeated 3 or 4 times with growth periods of about 10 days between. When sufficient cycles have been repeated, the body is cleared of the parasites affected. This is least expensive and has relatively common ingredients. A crushed garlic or a garlic puree commercial preparation, which has few ingredients other than garlic and oil can also be used. If you are infected with G3V, it will be modified by the garlic concentrations, and, begin to multiply.

Not to be confused with the symptoms of G3V, during the interim periods of the above treatment when garlic is not being consumed, larval development of the parasite may take place. With some forms of parasites, for example, nematodes, this is the active and tissue destructive stage. Depending on the type of parasite, pains may seem to migrate through the body, or, a reflection of intestinal health may appear on the tongue. While the sudden display at this interim period of white patches on the tongue, a brilliant and sore red tongue, or deep fissures in the tongue may, under different circumstances, all indicate something else - if you have not experienced such before, they may indicate the destruction of intestinal tissue.

A remedy which will slow this larval development and may end the destruction is for you to take a rounded teaspoon of prepared mustard (vinegar and crushed mustard seed, no sugar or chemical additives) and 4 or 5 stewed pitted prunes with each meal. The digestion of the mustard and vinegar produce chemicals which have the influence of anaesthetizing the larvae. The prunes act as a tonic and natural laxative to keep things moving. Modify the dosage for your particular system until the major display of the symptoms disappears. The intent is not to stop the larval development but to restrain it to a manageable level. The larvae cannot be expelled until they are adults. The balance is to permit development without incurring dramatic tissue injury.

Many of the (3.6 million) humans abducted by GRAYS temporarily for use in the experiments do not live in tropical regions and in cultures where such a parasitic infection would be more prevalent. That meant that once they had acquired G3V, it would never activate nor need to be "controlled" unless the individual for some unknown reason ingested a large amount of crushed uncooked garlic. Korean and Thai foods culturally contain higher concentrations of garlic than many other diets - but not usually in raw form. Once G3V is activated, death can follow within 10 days. The cause of death would always be stated as "normal", even though such a reason may seem odd to those who have known the individual. That is, there was no indication of an acute disease - with symptoms similar to those of known human viral and bacterial diseases.

G3V is unrecognized by any of the human immune system defenses.
There are no common indications of traumatic illness for humans:
no elevated white cell counts; no visual indications of infection; no swelling or bruising; no acute pains; no failure of one organ exclusive of others; no dramatic examples of bleeding or loss of other fluids; no respiratory distress; no acute change in brain function; no elevated fever; no usual cause for alarm. How can a human die of a disease without symptoms? By not knowing what symptoms to look for and by never testing for them.

The GRAY-Three virus attaches to human haemoglobin - which is responsible for transporting the oxygen breathed in by the lungs to all of the cells of the body, and, transporting most of the carbon dioxide from all of the cells of the body to the lungs for excretion. Human respiratory function is activated in accord with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the lungs. As the level increases past a threshold point, the brain stimulates the lungs to expel their air faster and take in new, hopefully oxygen-rich, air. The opposite would also be true if it were not for the patterned training of the human from birth to breathe at a particular rate according to one's home elevation. Of course, the human home may change location and elevation and in such situations, the autonomic nervous system simply "adjusts" the breathing rate, or adapts the carbon dioxide threshold, over a period of days. Persons who practice specific forms of meditation can also adjust their regular breathing rate. But what happens if the carbon dioxide level does not increase and the oxygen level uptake decreases?

In a manner similar to that of breathing carbon monoxide (CO), less oxygen reaches the cells than is required. As the haemoglobin is "bound" less carbon dioxide reaches the lungs. The brain is signalled that everything is adequate while cell functioning is decreasing. At some point, cell function becomes so reduced that consciousness is lost, the lungs continue to relax, and the person suffocates into a coma and dies. The difference is that with carbon monoxide poisoning, the blood may be analyzed after death and found to contain a concentration of CO. With G3V, everything looks normal in the bloodstream - unless it is viewed under a magnification of 90,000. No autopsy is required for a "normal" death, and, unless you could convince an "authority" that this apparently healthy person suddenly died from an unknown virus with no obvious symptoms of infection or disease - such a sophisticated test would never be performed.

And, if you were to tell any of most of the human authorities with the power to call for such a test why you believed this person might be so infected - you would, historically, be either ignored, or examined for mental difficulty. On the much less dramatic and more possible context of trying to confirm or deny the existence or absence of a parasitic infestation and determine appropriate treatment, it will be normal for North American physicians to be in complete denial of and almost total ignorance of parasitic infestations which have influenced humans for millennia. It would not be uncommon for a general practitioner in 1996 to tell a concerned patient that humans could only acquire one form of parasite (tapeworm), send the patient for a test which searched for the presence of 14 potential parasites in stool, and waste precious days or weeks discounting symptoms which they could not provide an explanation for. Modern human institutionally based medical practice is totally archaic by the standards of any extraterrestrial visiting culture.

Few humans wish to die of a chronic parasite infection.
Few humans will choose to live a life of chronic aches, pains, headaches, digestive upset, and organ deterioration resulting from a parasite infection, and, after a period of 5 to 50 years, die from liver disfunction, heart failure, respiratory distress. If aware, others will not wish to undergo the risk of having to take such strong pharmaceutical medications that they expose themselves to such negative side-effects as the following:

     emetine hydrochloride: loss of sense of taste, heart failure, death;
              furazolidone: colitis, enteritis, partial deafness;
                iodoquinol: permanent loss of vision, emaciation;
             metronidazole: overgrowth of Candida, decreased libido;
       paromomycin sulfate: nephrotoxicity, overgrowth of other organisms;
   pentamidine isothionate: confusion, anemia, acute renal failure;
           quinine sulfate: coma, acute asthma, renal failure, death.

The above drugs are prescribed for the eradication of various parasites.
All have a considerably larger list of side effects than that noted.
Those side effects noted are some of the possible worst symptoms.
Worst symptoms do happen, otherwise, medical references wouldn't note them at the risk of the non use of the drug.

A better possibility, for most humans who wish to eradicate parasites from their bodies is the use of an herbal remedy called "Biocidin". It must be used in accord with strict guidelines if it is to be helpful and not harmful. These are simple. It is an herbal liquid which is dispensed by dropper. The maximum dose for an adult is 5 drops taken 3 times a day with meals, or, a total of no more than 15 drops daily with no more than 5 drops taken at any one time. The drops should be mixed with several ounces of water. Expel excess solution from the dropper back into the bottle before replacing the stopper. This is to reduce the possibility of an accumulation of old and drying solution within the stopper which could clog the stopper and result in a spurt of 7 to 10 drops when you want a maximum total of 5. If you do accidentally finish with more than 5 drops of Biocidin in your dose, throw out the dose and prepare a new one. A toxicity of the formula in your system may produce a headache and require you to discontinue your dosages for 24 or more hours and such disturbs the effectiveness of your treatment. Expect to take the formula for a period of 4 to 8 weeks, until the bottle is finished. Biocidin will not activate G3V.

If you are sensitive negatively to Biocidin and have a parasitic infestation, you may then have to choose between the use of a dangerous pharmaceutical, persist with the parasitic symptoms, or use the garlic and molasses remedy. Sometimes, a choice is not how one wishes to be cured but how one chooses to die.

An herbal tonic should be taken with Biocidin and may be added to the water mixture.
Matol is an example of a suitable tonic.
A 950 ml container should be sufficient for one treatment extending for the duration of the bottle of Biocidin. With Matol, 2 tablespoons should be added to your mixture; that is, you will do so 3 times per day and decrease the amount added to each mixture if your frequency for the day is going to be 4. You may find your mixture of tonic, water and Biocidin adverse to your sense of taste and smell. If desired, 2 teaspoons or more of molasses may be mixed with the water and tonic solution to help mask the taste of the former.

Intestinal activity may become sluggish during the period when you are trying to rid your system of parasites and during which you may eat an amount of food which is less than you are accustomed to. If stool stays too long in your intestines, toxins will enter your blood and will often result in headaches and muscle aches and stiffness. You may find that some foods appear to encourage bowel clearing for you while others retard it. Note which foods these are and attempt to balance them. Taking an ounce of aloe vera gel in 3 or 4 ounces of water with your meals will assist in maintaining regular bowel clearing while encouraging tissue healing and health. It is advisable that either licorice root tea (encourages peristaltic action), cinnamon teas (antibacterial), or Chinese ginger tea (assists cleansing) be brewed and substituted for most regular hot or cold beverages. Between meals, an intestinal flora compound which contains at least 2 of the following may be taken to replenish the good bacteria which humans require for efficient digestion and assimilation:

   L-Acidophilus Rhamnosus
   Bifidobacterium Adolescentis
   Lactobacillus Acidophilus ATTC
   Bifidobacterium longum
   S. Faecium

Swiss brand, "Enteric Coated Max Strength "5" Strain Dophilus" capsules are one example of an intestinal flora. Remember that the capsules must be kept refrigerated or in a cool, dry area. Biocidin is distributed by Bio-Botanical Research, P.O. Box 1061, Soquel, (or, 144 Pioneer Road Corralitos) CA. 95076 - if you cannot find a local naturopath or herbalist supplier. BEFORE buying and using any such product you should test it against your system by means of muscle testing or meditation. You want to know if you are allergic or hypersensitized to any of the ingredients, whether it will weaken your system, whether it is too strong for your system, and, generally, what is your maximum starting dosage.

Several alternatives are available.
Now that you know that such a virus exists and its route of entry you can use hypnosis, muscle-testing, or meditation -

     a) to determine if you have the GRAY-Three virus;

     b) to determine if you have been abducted by spacebeings;

     c) to determine if the spacebeings were ever GRAYS;

     d) to determine if you have a destructive parasite infestation;

     e) to determine which herb or medication is best for you;

     f) to determine which per use dosage is best for you;

     g) to get well and keep well.

There is almost no amount of rationalization, laboratory testing, or symptomological interpretation which can give you these answers.

Once the G3V has become active in the infected human, Biocidin may be helpful, for a time, in retarding its progress. In the interim, the action of the Biocidin solution may change the shape of any of the three GRAY-introduced viruses. As you know, from information provided earlier, the shape and contour of the virus will determine it degree of success in attaching to and/or entering a living cell. Until now, the contours of the G3V has not enabled this activation. With the use of high doses of garlic, the "skin" on G3V has been modified and enabled it to gain access to cells within the blood. Biocidin provides a negative environment for G3V, and, G3V responds by mutating. Eventually, one or more viruses may be so formed which either unite with, modify, or deactivate other viruses present in the human.

The number of active GRAY-origin viruses in the subject's blood may begin to change in number with the consequence that the symptoms of infestation will appear to fluctuate between dramatic improvement and dramatic deterioration of health. That is, the count of active GRAY viruses may begin at 3, rise to 4, decrease to 3 (2 become united), rise to 4 (1 transformed into 2), increase to 5 (another transformed into 2) and so on. Once, G3V is activated and has no opposition, such mutations may proceed relatively rapidly (within hours) until the subject dies, or, a virus mutates into an antibody which neutralizes all of the others. The latter has happened and the blood of such individuals could be used as a vaccination.

The potential disaster, for humanity, is that if a communicable virus is formed which can spread through the air - hundreds of millions of people may die. Whether that ever occurs will depend upon how many infected individuals have their G3V activated, and, how long they live thereafter. By 1996, 11 individuals will have become active, and 10 will have died.

1989 - By this year,
The USSR will have the only Operational ASAT (Anti-Satellite Attack) system.
The use of energy-beam weapons from bases at Tyuratam, Dushanbe, Sary Shagan and Semipalatinsk make it possible to attack low altitude satellites on at least 2 passes each day.

During 1987, General John Piotrowski, then Commander-in-Chief of the USA Space Command, publicly assessed the capabilities of Soviet ground-based lasers as follows:

"A 'hard kill' of satellites below 400 km is possible with general damage to satellite components in orbits as high as 1200 km. More sensitive elements, such as surveillance or altitude control sensors, are vulnerable up to GEO,"

1989 - On January 1,
The USA - Canada Free Trade Agreement (CFTA) went into effect.
After 2 years, U.S. exports to Canada had increased by 17%, suggesting that loss of manufacturing business within Canada might also be that amount. Implementation is to be completed in 1998.

Under NAFTA, tariffs on all products traded between the USA and CAnada are being gradually phased out over a 10-year period. Tariffs on some goods, including computers, telephones, and industrial machinery are eliminated immediately. Duties on other products are being removed in 20% cuts over 5 years. Products in this category include furniture, paper, printing machinery, and electrical parts. These items will be duty-free beginning January 1, 1993.

Likewise, all remaining duties are being cut 10% a year over 10 years.
Steel, processed foods, apparel, and chemicals are among the products in this category.
These products will be duty-free beginning January 1, 1998. At the request of USA or Canadian industry, tariff removal on certain products may be accelerated provided both governments agree.

American business will now enjoy an open and predictable investment climate in Canada, improved border-crossing procedures for temporary business visitors, and expanded access to Canadian federal government procurement contracts valued at $500 million annually.

The political result will be that each country will be economically encouraged to concentrate their production on those items which each is most efficient and best prepared to engage in. While advantageous to the average consumer, this will increase economic co-dependency and a considerable reorganization of the production patterns of each. Economic dependency has usually resulted in political coercion in the human past with the more powerful nation stating a willingness to continue to supply a "necessary" product to the weaker or smaller nation, on condition, that the later favour a political stance not usually taken yet desirable by the more powerful economic supplier.

Job fragmentation and job loss will occur in those situations in which national production of a product cannot compete in an international market. Both of these outcomes cannot be adequately offset by job creation UNLESS substantial capital is made available to enable the expansion of existing internationally competitive industries AND the development of industries capable of international competitive success. The capital requirement for adequate retraining, retooling and relocating to offset losses demands a low debt, high growth economy. Both nations have very high national debt and are entering an apparent recession.

1989 - On January 2,
Bob Oechsler was driving by Shoreline Park, Gulf Breeze, Florida, U.S.A. at about 1.00 a.m. when he decide to stop and relax at the site of a previous incident before continuing on his drive back to Maryland. As his eyes followed the opposite shoreline (Pensacola Beach), he noticed an odd light that was too high to be a boat but too close to the water to be any kind of land vehicle. The lack of sound eliminated any possibility of it being a helicopter. The object was moving along the shoreline, occasionally retracing its path before continuing in the direction of the Bob Sykes Bridge. He quickly grabbed his camera and snapped two pictures at the fully zoomed setting. Looking away for a moment to call to anyone else nearby, there wasn't anyone, he lost sight of it on turning back.

Momentarily, military jets approached from the direction of the Pensacola Naval Air Station passing in front of Bob and continuing in the direction of Santa Rosa Sound, the last heading he had observed of the UFO. It seemed peculiar that the jets displayed no lights of any kind as they passed through the ground lighted cloud canopy. The two photographs turned out to be an exact match of the last object which Ed Walters had photographed on May 1, 1988, as he had inadvertently triggered a camera just before being neurologically paralysed by something associated with the craft that had moved overhead.

1989 - In the January-February issue of "Bioelectromagnetics Society Newsletter",
An unattributed article entitled "Walter Reed's Microwave Research Department: Its History and Mission", discussed the use of high-power pulsed microwave as it relates to anti-personnel use.

1989 - In the February 2 issue of the Alnaby, New York "Times Union",
Mark Rodeghier wrote
"It looks very curious that while the (B2) Stealth bomber was under development, beginning in 1981, this boomerang object, that looks remarkably like the bomber in profile and could not be spotted on radar, was being sighted continually. And then, even more interesting, is that the sightings suddenly evaporated just before the plane was unveiled (in late 1988)."

The world's only known wing of F-117 Stealth fighters was moved to Holloman Air Force Base, near Alamogordo, new Mexico, in 1990 from the Tonopah Test Range in central Nevada, U.S.A.

1989 -
Tryptophan induced reduction of serotonin (TIRS) in the human brain has been linked to chronic depression by Yale University researcher Dr. Pedro Delgado. By giving people a drink designed to deplete their tryptophan supplies, and then letting them eat normally, he jarred them out of their chronic depressions. One such treatment was found to be effective for up to 10 days with patients who had been taking anti-depressant drugs. Serotonin receptors in the brain were sensitized eliminating the feelings of depression. This process is found to work almost immediately; anti-depressant drugs typically take 2 weeks to begin to reduce depression and another 2 weeks to induce a lifting of the chronic depression. With such individuals, a therapy of drugs may be prescribed for the rest of their lives. Periodic tryptophan depletion could be both more convenient, act faster, and, have less side effects.

1989 - On February 13,
Near Nalchik, in the U.S.S.R., a horizontal cylinder about 1500 feet long, spotlights in front and at back, fins on the tail, porthole-like openings along the sides, parts seemed to dematerialize and rematerialize, 1000's saw.

1989 - On March 13/14
A very large magnetic storm occurs; the earth's magnetic declination at Lerwick changed by almost 8 degrees in less than an hour.
It is the largest magnetic storm to be recorded since records were started in 1868.
In many instances, such disturbances are accompanied by widespread displays of auroras, marked changes in the incidence of cosmic rays, an increase in the reception of "noise" from the Sun at "radio frequencies", and rapid changes in the ionosphere and induced electric currents within the Earth which adversely affect radio and telegraphic communications.

In North America, spectacular displays of the aurora borealis were seen as far south as Florida.
A power surge was induced in the power transmission lines in Canada resulting in a shutdown of sections of the power grid leaving 6 million people without power for 9 hours. In California, a top-secret military communications band was interrupted between security installations and trucks transporting nuclear weapons around the country. A naval installation in California lost contact with ships offshore; when it changed to a different frequency, electronically operated garage doors in suburbs nearby mysteriously (to the residents) opened and closed. Higher solar bursts were received in August; still higher on September 29; still higher on October 19.

In the USSR, at a central strategic nuclear ICBM launch site, the electronic controls and interlocks capable of starting a total nuclear war against the USA are all ACTIVATED down to the last switch. No button had been pushed, there was not an alert at the time, no malfunctions were found in the circuitry later, no reason was determined as to why the final relays had not sent the 36 100 megaton plus missiles on their way to designated targets all over the USA. A primitive 18 kiloton weapon destroyed Nagasaki city in Japan in 1945. Invisible spacebeings from the Constellation Bootes had stopped the process from completion.

The disturbances are caused by changes in the stream of ionized particles which emanates from the Sun and through which the Earth is continuously passing. Some of these changes are associated with visible sunspot eruptions. There is a tendency for disturbances to occur after intervals of about 27 days, the Sun's rotational period.

1989 - On March 22,
An asteroid, 1989FC, came within 430,000 miles of the Earth, the closest in recorded history.
It was the size of an aircraft carrier.
Had it entered the Earth's atmosphere on a closer collision course, it would have resulted in the formation of a crater at least 1.2 miles wide and exploded with a force equal to 100s of nuclear weapons. There would soon be closer passes noted. It was not detected until it was moving away from the Earth.

1989 - During the year,
The "Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act" is passed by the American government.
It establishes the "Resolution Trust Corporation", the "Bank Insurance Fund", the "Savings Association Fund", and the "Office of Thrift Supervision". Together, these provide government funds to insolvent savings and loan associations, and mandates sweeping changes in the examination and supervision of savings and loans. The act requires S&Ls to adopt new reserve capital standards, transfers the regulatory powers of the Federal Home Loan Bank Board (which had failed in its tasks) to a new agency, the Office of Thrift Supervision, a bureau within the U.S. Treasury Department; and placed the 12 district Federal Home Loan Banks under control of an oversight board, the Federal Housing Finance Board. The "Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation" was abolished.

The "Bank Insurance Fund" and the "Savings Association Insurance Fund" insured deposits in savings institutions up to a value of $100,000. per account.

The "Resolution Funding Corporation" (REFCORP) was a federal corporation authorized to finance the liquidation of insolvent S&Ls. It was to issue $30 billion in zero-coupon bonds with funds from the retained earnings of the Federal Home Loan Banks. An additional $20 billion was to be used in closing insolvent thrifts and was to be raised directly by the U.S. Treasury Department through the sale of Treasury obligations.

The "Resolution Trust Corporation" (RTC) was responsible for the disposal of assets of failed S&Ls. Acting as a liquidator, it was to be funded by securities issued by the Resolution Funding Corporation, direct Treasury borrowings, and assessments on the district Federal Home Loan Banks.

New minimum capital reserves standards were introduced similar to those adopted internationally by the central banks. Goodwill was to be excluded from core capital calculations after 1994. Tightened restriction as to selection of borrowers, size of allowable loans, certification of real estate appraisals, bank fraud added to criminal law, banned certain tax breaks, required establishment of an Affordable Housing Program, and conducted several research studies - were some of the provisions included.

The best way to placate a dependent public which is annoyed by the negligence of the institutions created by its government - is to change the name of some institutions, create more bureaucracy, impose greater restrictions and penalties - but never, take the real problem to the commoner. A spiritual approach would have been to determine why the abuses and problems occurred, admit to ones complicity in such developments, and initiate a new cultural direction in which honesty and truthfulness is rewarded. Obviously, this is impossible for a government which has built a society around it and within it which cherishes deceit, fraud, manipulation, greed, ...

1989 - During the year,
A 7.0 Major Earthquake would last for a duration of 12 seconds in southern California.
It had been predicted 4 days before by Jim Berkland, a geologist in the region for some time.
He had used a combination of gravitational forces of the Sun, Moon, planets, together with previous records and the behaviour of cats in the neighbourhood to determine the time. He had noticed through a correlation of missing cat reports with previous California earthquakes, that many more cats appeared to run away from home just before an earthquake than at any other time. Other non-scientific researchers had determined that carrier pigeons avoided flying over regions which were about to experience an earthquake. It is known that electrostatic charges are released from the ground shortly before a quake and that local electromagnetic fields may also be influenced. Mr. Berkland was not respected by most government researchers because he did not utilize exclusively mechanical sensors and intellectualized theories of earthquake behaviour. The difference: no one else accurately predicted this earthquake. Would humans learn?

1989 - In the April-June issue of the "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs",
An article by B. Gorney, entitled "Domestic violence and chemical dependency: dual problems, dual interventions", was summarized in an abstract as follows:

"This article addresses the link between domestic violence and chemical dependency. Both are extremely prevalent and pose serious threats to individuals, families, communities, and society at large. The commonly observed association between substance abuse and violent interactions has traditionally been explained as a cause-effect sequence. It is assumed that intoxication leads to violence, and this viewpoint has traditionally dominated research on the subject as well as treatment methodology. This interpretation may lead treatment providers to assume that once abstinence from alcohol and other drugs is achieved, violence will also disappear. Researchers in the field of domestic violence argue that violence occurs both when substance abuse is present and absent. This article addresses the need to assess and treat both problem areas concurrently. In addition to providing assessment and treatment guidelines, the article describes the scope of the problem, etiological issues, and factors that may serve as barriers to treatment providers in identifying violence as a problem in chemically dependent relationship systems."

This again demonstrates where humans have placed their energies, resources and concerns in the past 4,000 years - not in the area of balanced personal and societal health and not in the spiritual approach of prevention through the dissolution of negative mindmaps or thinking patterns by releasing blocked energies. Instead interpersonal strife and miscommunication has not only been allowed to exist and spread, it has been encouraged - in the service of authority systems which diminish the self-esteem and constructive coping skills of individuals. The above concept is elementary to ANY visiting spaceculture. It has taken humans this long to uncover it. How "intelligent" does this make modern humans?

1989 - During the year,
Yigal Amir, a Yemenite Israeli, now aged 19, graduates from the Israeli Lithuanian orthodox high school, Hayishuv Hahadash, and progresses to the Karem Dyavneh, a respected school combining military service with advanced religious studies. He would spend 20 months in the elite Golani Infantry brigade - a company which proudly called its members "the cruel ones." Much of his service would be spent protecting the occupied territories, especially communities of religious settlers whom the government of Israel had encouraged to make their home in the "land of Israel." Amir became devoted to the cause of the military and his fellow soldiers became impressed with his intellectual skills of rote memory of the Torah and forceful literal interpretation of the 5 books.

1989 - On April 7,
The U.S.S.R. nuclear submarine "Comsomolez" (Komsomoletz), carrying two torpedoes with nuclear warheads sinks in the Norwegian Sea 300 miles off Norway after a blaze breaks out on board. The uncontrollable fire apparently begins in the electrical circuits in the pump control system and after raging for 3 hours, an explosion occurred, and the ship sunk in 4,500 feet (1,370 m.) of water. An escape sphere was used but resulted in the saving of only one life. 42 of the 69 crew members died. Most had only had simulator training. Officers did not realize the severity of the situation, aggravated by a carbon monoxide buildup, until it was too late for too many.

It was equipped with 2 nuclear warheads.
Small amounts of highly radioactive plutonium-239 begin to be released.
It was a one-of-a-kind "Mike Class" submarine.
In May, 1994, Soviet scientists from the Polar Institute in Murmansk, declare that the worst estimate of pollution would be that several thousand kilometres would be polluted with radioactivity making fishing in those waters unsafe for up to 700 years.

1989 - On April 14,
A Power Surge resulted in the disabling of the Vax Mainframe computer in Canada's capital, Ottawa.
This resulted in the shut-down of the network connecting Canadian ports of entry.
While all files handled by the system have protection systems to preserve them from accidental erasure, the equipment self-disconnects until an investigation reveals the problem and a repair is made, or, the equipment is checked and deemed safe to proceed with.

Affected by the shut-down were the Import-Export inspectional control system, electronic mail, and other programs accessible via remote terminals. During the shut-down all information was handled by the "I.B.M." system ("It's Better Manually"). All government functions were performed manually to the satisfaction of all through this period which should reassure those who have concerns about the computerization dependency of the government bureaucracy. Evidently, the cost of the computerization has been a waste if the efficiency of using the system has remained unchanged.

1989 - By May,
The "Influence on Sex Gland Secretions after Vasectomy" was reported by Danish researchers H. Jakobsen, H. Rui, T. Hald and K. Purvis to be the following:

"Significant reductions were observed in seminal plasma volume ... and the total ejaculate contents of zinc ... magnesium ... PAP ... and citric acid ... indicating a major impact on secretions of prostatic origin. Unaltered PGE-1 ... and fructose ... indicated no effects on the secretory function of the seminal vesicles. A marked reduction was demonstrated in the ejaculatory contents of the polyamines, spermidine ... and spermine ... but not ... putrescine, which is also of prostatic origin."

That is, vasectomy decreases the ejaculatory losses of minerals and vitamins from the male body while not producing a marked variation of ejaculate volume. "Normal" sexual orgasm should be possible with a reduced with a reduced nutritional demand.

1989 - By May,
The "Computerized Venting of Scented Air" into office buildings begins with the second main office building of Kajima Construction in Tokyo, Japan. Developed by Shiseido, the experimental aroma system is intended to revitalize stressed out and sluggish workers. Lemon and jasmine scents are expected to spur workers out of post-lunch drowsiness; lavender and rose fragrances are believed to calm the mind and ease negative stress - as well as lower blood pressure. Computers which are already being utilized to monitor the HVAC (Heating, Ventilating & Air Conditioning) of the building, will have their functions extended to include automatic blending and releasing of fragrances. Since studies have shown that men and women sometimes favour separate scents, the type of fragrance released in a room will depend on whether and in what proportion the genders are represented.

Elementary considerations which appear to have been overlooked by this rationalistic detached analysis include the following:

   a) Exposed to a scent, human senses tend to cancel awareness of it;
   b) Scents often contain chemicals, hormones and proteins;
   c) Fragrance ingredients can trigger human hypersensitivities;
   d) Positive coping individuals may become over-relaxed, distracted;
   e) Fragrance deposits may accumulate in ducting & on other surfaces;
   f) Fragrance deposits will attract dust, moulds, bacteria and viruses;
   g) Specific scents sometimes stimulate the memory of traumatic events;
   h) Removing gummed fragrance-dust-moisture from surfaces is difficult.

Usually, a consideration of human characteristics is as important as the consideration of efficient activity planning for a constructive result to be achieved.

1989 -
In the June/July issue of "Purchasing Management", Harvey Skolnick, in a "management memo" column notes the following "Listening Traps":

   "Wishful thinking trap: hearing what you want to hear, instead of what's actually being said.
          Mind-drift trap: hearing nothing because you allow your mind to drift to other subjects.
Forest-for-the-tress trap: hearing only details of what's being said and thereby losing
                                                                              the broad picture.
          Words-only trap: hearing the literal message and failing to pick up on the messages
                      conveyed through gestures, facial expressions, and other unspoken language.

  By watching out for these traps, you can prevent communication problems and develop good 
                                                     listening skills and business relationships."

1989 - On June 06,
Near Konantsevo, U.S.S.R., a luminous dot which became a shining sphere.

1989 -
The CUSIP International Numbering System (CINS) comes into effect.
Using the Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures system developed by the American Bankers Association in 1970 for all USA securities as a base, the system is expanded to include foreign securities being traded through the electronic banking system. The CINS system will use 9-digit numbering rather than the 7-digit, 2-character system of the original CUSIP.

This makes way for access to internationally sourced capital for the purpose of augmenting international bank reserves in accord with the new reserve standards. It also makes practical the use of foreign sourced gold certificates, and gold bullion debentures drawn on non-USA sources. This has become necessary because the amount of capital required to meet the reserve regulations and permit continued capital funding of IMF and other international development banking organizations can no longer be met by the government treasuries of the major industrial nations of the world.

One source of capital immediately made available is German gold bullion certificates used to pay reparations at the end of WWII. The Federal Reserve Board mandates that American major banks honour the certificates when presented, to the end of 1995, yet refuses to reimburse the banks for their conversion of the certificates. This results in some bank officers shredding the documents when tendered and then denying ever seeing them. These certificates range in value from 1000 grams of gold upwards. Other investors are more fortunate in using the certificates as collateral to arrange letters of credit and loans for the purpose of bank debenture trading, capitalization of mining operations, capitalization of movie production and other projects.

1989 - During June,
The Defense Services and Equipment of India surpassed commonly held expectations.
The country had 1.3 million armed forces personnel and a defence budget of nearly US $10 billion, and increasing. Traditionally, India had purchased much of its armaments from the Soviet Union. Now it is broadening its import base. India has a relatively sophisticated domestic manufacturing base for military products. Defence production falls to 9 public enterprises supervised by the Ministry of Defence and 36 ordnance factories and 44 laboratories of the Defence Research and Development Organization. Many of the products manufactured by these facilities are made with technology and expertise transferred from foreign manufacturers.

1989 - On June 26,
A Soviet "Echo II Class" nuclear-powered guided missile submarine experiences an engineering problem involving a leaking reactor cooling system, off Bear Island. A first-generation nuclear-powered submarine, it was able to use a diesel auxiliary engine, and was partly towed, to its home port on the Kola peninsula. Microscopic cracks were found on a welded joint in a pipe of the primary reactor cooling system. The finding led to the retirement of some "November", "Hotel", and "Echo" Classes of Soviet submarines.

1989 - On July 04,
Over the Dnieper River near Kiev, Ukraine, U.S.S.R., a silvery craft like a huge barrel with a circular antenna on top was seen.

1989 -
Vera Profofiyevna, Alexandra Stepanovna, and daughter were told by 3 beings with long blond hair, that one person per day was being taken from our world to theirs each day. Their experience occurred near Kiev, by the Dnieper River, on July 4th.

1989 -
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) concludes in its annual report that more than 100 million Americans live in areas where the air pollutants exceed federal standards. The EPA revealed that some 1.1 billion kilograms (2.4 billion pounds) of toxic chemicals are released into the air each year by chemical-manufacturing plants and other industrial concerns. That included more than 320 chemicals, 60 of which were listed by the U.S. government as causing cancer. 90% of all Americans were determined to be carrying measurable concentrations of toxic chemicals including dioxins, furans, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, benzene and styrene in their fatty tissues. All were believed to be cancer causing.

1989 -
Testosterone hormone, is found to directly influence human intensity of sexual desire.
Research by Dr. Barbara Sherwin, a psychologist at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, shows that the addition of testosterone to estrogen replacement therapy can increase the libido of some women whose interest has waned after menopause or after surgery in which their ovaries and uterus have been removed. Two USA studies also found correlations between increases in women's natural testosterone levels mid-way through their menstrual cycles and increases in their desired frequency of coitus.

Testosterone, usually referred to as a "male" hormone because of its much greater presence in human males, encourages immediate active responses to difficulties and opportunities including the acting out of anger in assaults, fighting, physical abuse, ... Testosterone agonists, which diminish the presence of testosterone, are increased in the human system by activities including meditation, prayer, reflection, and, reduction in the diet of foods, such as meat, which contribute testosterone. Anxiety, defensiveness, and boredom tend to reduce testosterone production.

1989 - In July/August,
An increasing prevalence of the Ebola Virus was noted in a French Institute of Scientific Research article.
The conclusions came from a 1984 - 1989 study of 5070 randomly selected subjects living in 6 central African countries. The countries were Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. Of the 6 viruses tested for, the Ebola virus was shown to have been exposed to by 12.4% of the subjects, more than double the exposure to the next highest noted virus. The remaining viruses showed an exposure presence of less than 1%.

It would later be suggested that the virus was carried out of the African jungles by subjects along the Kinshasa highway to more widespread areas, even as it was suspected that the AIDS virus spread. The monkey death rate is very high and the disease easily spreads to humans. By early 1995, humans and lab monkeys will have died in laboratories in Germany, France and the United States in spite of the use of the highest degree of safeguards and containment. Dr. Philip Russell, head of a team of U.S. Army virus experts, in Reston, Virginia, would state: "With certain kinds of small changes, this virus could become one that travels in rapid respiratory transmission through humans. Imagine a virus with the infectiousness of influenza and the mortality rate of the Black Plague in the Middle Ages - that's what we're talking about." By early 1995, there still would be no known medicine to halt the progress of the disease, no vaccine to prevent it.

Ebola kills a victim's tissue while he or she is still alive.
The virus attacks every organ and tissue in the body excepting skeletal muscle and bone.
It keeps on multiplying until affected organs throughout the body are blocked and then it moves through the body by way of the bloodstream. The liver turns to yellow liquid resulting in the failure of the kidneys. Haemorrhages occur in the spleen, intestines and genitals. The brain decays, causing seizures and tremors. The eyes turn red and blood runs from them and other body openings. By the time the person dies, the corpse has become a giant source of contamination.

1989 - On July 27,
The USA House of Representatives approved a $305.4-billion defence budget bill that would radically alter the reality of the White House intentions. President George Bush had hoped for a much larger budget. When White House and Congressional leaders had met in April, 1989, they had agreed that the Pentagon (DOD) would get $305 billion in fiscal 1990, which starts October 1. This was to be part of a deficit reduction plan. The military budget represents almost 33% of the total federal budget. The Senate is expected to pass the bill in about a week's time and the bill is expected to be ready in September. Key items include:

B-2 Stealth Bomber:
$70.2 billion for 132 planes; procurement delayed by the House - Pentagon to review and cut costs.

Strategic Defense Initiative:
$4.9 billion requested, received $3.1 billion; scaled back because of doubts about the technology.

Midgetman Missile:
Bush sought $100 million in 1990 for this truck-mounted ICBM; the House suspended it outright.

MX Mobile Peacekeeper Missile:
Nuclear missiles to be placed on 25 trains on the USA railroad system to use against the USSR in a war; Bush asked for $1.8 billion; House cut the request by $502 million.

F-14D Tomcat Jet Fighter: Bush and Cheney wanted it to be scrapped; the House authorized $946 million for new planes.

V-22 Osprey tilt-rotor Aircraft:
Bush sought to scrap the program; the House approved $508 million for more planes.

During the week, the White House and defence contractors waged intense publicity drives to rally support for their desired programs. Next week, Bush and Cheney will launch a major public relations effort proclaiming a need for a better strategic balance with the USSR. The House decision to save the Tomcat purchases was considered to be a lifesaver for Grumman Corp. which would otherwise have been the defence contractor who lost the most in proposed contracts. It was regarded by some commentators as the classic example of the political forces that rule the defence budget - economic needs of defence contractors and saving jobs and votes in one's constituency.

Les Aspin, Wisconsin Democrat and House Armed Services Chairman, commented:

"We've shredded George Bush's strategic programs.
We got a Michael Dukakis defence budget. Mike won the election.
We got no midgetman, no rail MX, big cuts in SDI and a slowdown of the B-2."

Aspin had warned the Pentagon regarding the cost of the B-2 bombers: "Prune it or park it."
It's prototype has only had one test flight, July 17, and that was 18 months late. $23 billion would be approved for 13 planes. TIME magazine estimated that at a price of $1 billion each, the 70-ton B-2s were worth their weight "in gold". Aspin further suggested that the Pentagon's budget lacked any sign of a major restructuring of the defence establishment in spite of the fact that Americans and Soviets are working hard on arms reductions. He added: "Suppose peace does break out? What are we going to do with all these programs?"

During the Reagan White House years, the USA Congress felt humbled by Reagan's personal popularity; many exotic military weapons and high-tech war strategies were adopted. The stronger Congress now feels obliged to exercise its power at the expense of George Bush. What they fail to realize is that Bush has long-standing ties throughout the national intelligence agencies and that global politics can be made to force local policies. With the Defence establishment also behind him, Bush and his administration will recover their ground, and take more.

1989 - During July/August,
Mick Kelly, a British climatologist, noted in an interview that the temperature of the Earth was higher than it had ever been since the first records of temperature had been started. The 6 hottest years of the past 110 years had included 1989 and were all in the 1980s. He speculated that the rate of change had accelerated because of the pollution spewed into the atmosphere during humans in the 1950s and 1960s. He cautioned that any further warming would push the Earth beyond the limits of natural vulnerability and that at that time, the first substantial impacts on humanity would occur.

From 1983 to 1989 there had been a 10% worldwide increase in carbon dioxide emissions sourced from human technological activities. As far back as 1957, Roger Revelle and Hans Suess, working at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography in San Diego, California, had determined that the oceans were only capable of absorbing 50% of the excess carbon dioxide produced by humanity. Where did the rest go?

During September, it was estimated that if the West Antarctic ice sheet started to slide into the ocean, the world could be looking at a 4.9 meter (16 foot) rise in sea level. In addition, climate warming was projected to produce a rise in the volume of water in the oceans through a natural process of expansion when warmed such that a further rise in sea level by as much as 1.5 meters (5 feet) could be expected.

A third of the Earth's human population and more than a third of the Earth's human economic infrastructure are concentrated in coastal regions with altitudes below 1.5 meters (5 feet). Many island countries were at total risk. More than 75% of Americans, that is, more than 180 million people, live within 80 kilometres (50 miles) of a coast. Coastal land was also the most fertile. Rice production in China, Bangladesh and Thailand would be threatened by ANY rise in sea level.

1989 - On July 29,
USA President George Bush, on the 20th anniversary of the Apollo 11 landing on the Moon, announced that:

"History proves that we have never lost by pressing the limits of our frontiers."

He commits the nation to the development of Space station "Freedom" for the 1990s, to be followed by "Back to the Moon, Back to the Future, Back to Space" in the next century.

Bush was fully aware of what most of his citizens were not. The USA had a balance of payments position in trade that had been served by the export of high-cost high-tech missile and rocket hardware. The sale of one Titan rocket to a foreign country would bring an infusion of capital sufficient to offset the purchase by American consumers of 10,000 Toyota cars. American industry had become so dependent upon the arms and aerospace trade that it had lost its capacity and consumer confidence in the production of higher priced consumer and office equipment: cars, hi-fi, televisions, computers, calculators .... Now, American industry was losing its technological lead because increasingly, private industry had to compete with government dominated industry.

1989 -
At the "World Energy Conference" in Montreal, it was presented that by the year 2020 global industrial emissions of carbon dioxide could be 70% higher than current levels, assuming only moderate economic growth. Department of Energy projections in the USA, Canada, and Britain confirmed the news.

USA Department of Energy figures showed that rather than a cut of carbon dioxide by 2005, there will actually be an increase of 31% over 1985 emission levels. A confidential department of Energy memo in Britain projected an increase of carbon dioxide, in the same period, of 37%. In Canada, a report prepared for the provincial and federal Energy ministers in 1989 had estimated that Canadian CO2 emissions would increase 49.3% by 2005, if current trends continue.

1989 - In August,
A spaceperson-injected Implant came free from the skin of Richard Price.
Richard had experienced what he believed was a spaceperson abduction in 1955.
In 1964, he had been harshly treated by social authorities and peers when he had revealed concerns about the implant. In 1981, unprofessional UFO researchers had advised him to do nothing further about it. In June of this year it had begun to protrude from beneath his penile skin; now, it had fallen out. It was a round, cylindrical object about 1 mm wide by 4 mm deep and had 6 appendages. The interior was amber and the shell was white. Price now began to look for someone who would be willing to analyze the object for him. By 1992 he would have some answers.

1989 - By September,
Wilson Bryan Key's book "The Con in Confidence, The Sin in Sincere" is published.
In it, he concludes the following from his sociolinguistic study of mass communications in North America:

"Perceptual distance gives you a platform from which you can see actions to reactions to reactions. Advanced chess players can often self-reflect out to 3 or 4 levels. The technique can render "conscious" perceptual reactions that were "unconscious".

The collective effects of mass media, quite unfortunately, reinforce a population's superficial, one-dimensional reactions to immediate, first-level stimuli. ... Indoctrinated populations remain helplessly vulnerable to verbal or pictorial manipulation in any direction profitable to manipulators. ....

Scottish Philosopher David Hume believed the verbal concept "because" was totally unverifiable and unexplainable as a part of language and thought. .... Such reports only confirm that journalists and readers need to perceive the world in simplistic cause-effect relationships. ...

For example, cause-and-effect medicine is simplistic nonsense.
Organisms respond as whole, integrated entities - from causes known, unknown, and unknowable.

Simplistic cause-and-effect assumptions are questionable, even though acted on with apparent success in a practical, commonsense framework. Anyone who keeps track of his or her unsuccessful decisions based on cause -and- effect conscious assumptions will discover an ego-shattering high score. Humans do not keep such scores, of course. They consciously note a preponderance of wins, repressing or denying the losses. Cause and effect are also verbally formed after the fact, as a rationalization, rather than before. ...

Whenever events or coincidences, repeat frequently enough, an individual expects they will continue. The coincidence can actually be relatively infrequent for a predictive like to be become established. ... Nobel prize-winning physiologist Ivan Pavlov taught dogs to salivate in expectation of food when a buzzer was sounded. ... Humans can also be conditioned to salivate to pictures and music in radio and television commercials. Humans will even salivate in a delayed-time response, days or weeks after viewing a TV commercial, when they perceive the brand label in a supermarket (Poetzle effect). Such training easily develops ritual behaviours around the stimulus.

... (In Skinner's pigeons) These repeated behaviours, of course, eventually appeared to produce food pellets which would have occurred with or without [randomly] the behaviour. The behaviour merely provided the pigeons with the fantasy that they were in control. Cause and effect, for the pigeons, became a self-fulfilling prophecy. Once ritualized behaviour becomes established, it is very difficult to change it in either animals or humans. ...

Consciously and unconsciously, humans are still victimized by word magic, ritual behaviours, and immersion in an ocean of fantasized cause-and-effect delusions. Modern, educated individuals think themselves liberated from the darkness of superstition and ignorance. Yet they mindlessly accept words and phrases intentionally designed to camouflage reality. U.S. ad media carefully avoid factual, measurable descriptions of product qualities .... Word magic sells products, people, political ideology, religious faith, and everything else sold in the U.S. ...

The freedom to choose what one wears, drives, or eats replaces meaningful social, economic, or political alternatives. Commercial hypes conceal much of what is corrupt, authoritarian, unjust and cruelly exploitive. Such hype also muffles and distorts clear perceptions of the rest of the world. ...

Once individuals understand and accept the subjectivity of human perception, they acquire enormous power over their lives. They can protect themselves from manipulation or - ... go into the business of managing the perceptions of others."

1989 - In the September "Chatelaine" magazine issue,
Dr. Harold Kalant, a Toronto pharmacologist is quoted as saying:

"Due to physiological difference, women don't always respond the same way as men to drugs and other medical treatments. The most significant differences are that the female body contains less water, more fat and fluctuating levels of hormones. The hormonal ups and downs are associated with menstruation, pregnancy, menopause, use of oral contraceptives and estrogen replacement therapy.

... medical researchers tend to prefer male subjects because women's changing hormone levels complicate the studies. Researchers also want to avoid the possibility of exposing a fetus to an unknown drug - e.g., if a woman participates in a study before she realizes she is pregnant. ....

The current understanding and treatment of alcoholism is based predominantly on studies of men, but some clinicians have noted significant differences between female and male patients. In general, a woman's body is more vulnerable to the ravages of alcohol, because her body contains less water. Female alcohols are more likely to develop anemia because of iron and folic acid deficiencies related to the demands of menstruation."

1989 - On September 01,
At Shevchenko, U.S.S.R., a giant cigar-shaped object was witnessed.

1989 - During September,
Werner Heisenberg is quoted as saying:

"All information between humans can only be exchanged within a field of tolerance for uncertainty. Every judgement, especially those judgements of science, stands upon the edge of error."

1989 - During September,
Hurricane "Hugo" crossed the eastern seaboard of the USA at a speed of 160 mph (260 km/h), killing 71 people and causing $10 billion worth of damage. At peak strength, such a wind can release energy that is equivalent to 25 Hiroshima-type nuclear bombs.

1989 - During September,
Iraq reaches the capability of a future space vehicle launch with a ballistic missile launch.
It is recorded at the combined headquarters of NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command) and the USA Space Command at Peterson AFB in Colorado. The "Space Surveillance Center" inside the hollowed-out Cheyenne Mountain is enclosed in 15 steel buildings and includes a series of control rooms and offices. The buildings are cushioned on steel springs inside vast chambers cut out of the granite mountain. Some 30,000 to 60,000 daily observations from the radar and optical sensors of the Space Surveillance network are relayed to the complex and processed by SSC to maintain a database of all catalogued Earth satellites. These data are forwarded to the Space Defense Operations Center (SPADOC) where government & military satellite activities are co-ordinated.

1989 - On September 21,
Over Voronezh, U.S.S.R., witnesses saw a sphere of 60 feet in diameter with 4 landing legs.

1989 - On September 27,
Over Voronezh, a luminous ball estimated at 45 feet in diameter was reported.

1989 - On September 29,
A very high solar burst and magnetic storm occurred.
It was stronger than the high storms on March 13/14 and in August.
The highest recorded saturation of X-rays and particles (cosmic rays) and a 380% increase in neutrons (7% is usually considered a large increase) of the satellite era were recorded.
The general public were never informed.

1989 - On October 4,
At "Hazelton Research Products" in the city of Reston, Virginia, a biohazard incident occurred in the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit. At this point, 16,000 wild monkeys were being imported each year into the USA from tropical locations for the purpose of research experimentation. Monkeys are chosen because of their similar biology. The importation quarantine was to cull sick animals rather than risk a spread of imported contagious disease.

Dan Dalgard, was the consulting veterinarian at the Unit, available from another Corning subsidiary: "Hazelton Washington", Reston.

A shipment of 100 primates had arrived from the Ferlite Farms, in the Philippines.
Crab-eating macaques had been collected from the rainforest on the island of Mindanao.
There, they are competitors with humans for the use of the environment.
They have sharp canine teeth, a human-like hand, human-like breasts, Caucasian-coloured skin and a dog-like snout. They travel in troops and feed on vegetation, fruits, insects, grass, roots, pieces of clay (for minerals and internal cleansing), crabs and farmer's crops. A dominant male leadership hierarchy is enforced by the leader staring down subordinates, and, attacking them if necessary. From Mindaneo Island they had been flown, boxed in wooden crates, to Amsterdam and then to New York City - then delivered by truck to Reston. Two of the monkeys that arrived today were dead in their crates. Over the next 3 weeks, an unusual additional number would die.

1989 - During October,
The U.S.A. launches the Galileo space probe satellite on a 6 year journey to Jupiter.

1989 - On October 08,
Near Voronezh, U.S.S.R., a large shining ball or oval disc was again observed.

1989 - On October 19,
The highest strength solar burst ever recorded occurred.
It rivalled the August 1972 in peak numbers but it stayed at that level for days longer.
In a few days of exposure, solar electric power panels on satellites aged the otherwise normal equivalent of 5 years, cutting the life of some satellites in half from 10 years to 5. Ground controllers had to send 177 control maneuvers to one communications satellite in a day - equivalent to 1-1/2 years of regular activity. Frantic activity was required to forestall USA power grid failures.
The general public were never informed.

1989 - During October,
A 6.9 San Andreas Earthquake resulted in the damage of many buildings and the death of nearly 300 people.
A freeway and a section of the Bay Bridge linking San Francisco with Oakland collapsed.
A massive fire followed in Oakland Hills.

1989 - By now,
Cosmetic and Toiletry Formulations contain up to 35% polymers and more than 50% of their ingredients include specialty raw ingredients such as polymers, mild surfactants, cosmetic active ingredients, thickeners, and ultraviolet light absorbers. In general, formulations may include 30% to 80%

Sales of hair care products have nearly doubled between 1982 and 1987 with the introduction of mousses.
In an effort to satisfy the concerns and vanities of their customers, cosmetic companies have called on their suppliers to formulate products which were good for the body rather than just making it look better. The newer products are becoming closer to pharmaceuticals than to cosmetics. As more sophisticated promises for their products are made by the cosmetic companies, it becomes necessary for them to have chemical suppliers who will substantiate such claims to the regulatory Food & Drug Administration. There is an increasing emphasis on being able to guarantee results, not just meet specifications.

Sales of skin care products are currently growing at a rate of 10% annually.

The aging of the North American and European populations together with an increasing consumer awareness of the dangers of excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays has increased the sale of skin care products. One strategy is the inclusion of liposomes - active ingredients which permeate the skin's surface, increase skin elasticity; enhance the appearance of skin's surface texture, making it appear younger and healthier; balancing the oiliness of the skin by reducing dryness and minimizing oiliness. In addition, sunscreens are added to absorb the U-V rays and hydrating agents are added to slowly inject moisture into the skin. The ideal sought for is an attempt to replicate the eden-like environment of the rainforest - at least for the face. Some new polymers, like Dermacryl 79, form a moisture barrier on the skin in an effort to retain moisture which would otherwise evaporate - possibly providing natural cooling and toxin release. The suntan lotion market will grow by 14% this year. Men appear to be as interested in skin care products now as women, with sales of toilet soaps, skin moisturizers, antiperspirants and deodorizers exceeding $2.1 billion for 1989.

Companies are now looking to inorganics such as titanium dioxide, which is considered inert in relation to the skin, and, because it won't penetrate. Quite a few titanium dioxide sunscreens are entering the market with added ingredients to reduce the usual whitening blob often associated with the oxide. Lipsticks are being updated to include pigments that won't change colour and lubricants that don't blur. While better than the stain approach to colouration, these products are enabling the high stress lifestyles of women to proceed and expand rather than to become more balanced. Catering to women who work long hours, including leaving their children in day care, eating erratically scheduled meals and having insufficient regular balanced exercise and relaxation breaks, these products excuse destructive coping habits by substituting paint for true health. Taking a short meditation or exercise break, closing the office door at a regular time each day for a brief though relaxed lunch, eating simple though balanced prepared foods, eliminating cigarette smoking, reducing caffeine intake, using an office humidifier, and smiling occasionally - all contribute to good skin health with adequate moisture. Of course, it is easier to do a quick fix, especially when advertisements suggest that your "looks" are more important about you than your health.

This approach is also extended to the market in the form of multipurpose products, such as combined hair conditioner-shampoos, which offer to simplify purchasing and reduce time expenditure. Even with this apparent awareness and servitude to the desires of the consumer, companies are planning for the mass global market. Rather than developing products which have regional acceptability, many are being tested for acceptability by the regulating authorities internationally. To offset a sense of impersonal big business, many companies are abandoning distributor-based marketing and forming specialty companies of personal care consultants. Increasing consumer concern over package listings of ingredients has led to the FDA considering requesting legislation. Voluntary ingredient labelling has not gained much of a following earlier; now, the Cosmetic Toiletry & Fragrance Association (CTFA) is promoting a voluntary ingredient labelling program for "professional products".

Media exploitation of the animals testing topic have resulted in a one-sided reaction from so-called "Green" sympathizers who are now calling for "natural" products which presumably do not require pretesting. Manufacturers are seeking to develop such formulations; most of the ingredients have at some time been animal tested. The prospect of introducing herbal pharmaceuticals to the foreign and idiosyncratic biological environment of the humans skin organ, often as a spot application - invites immune or sensitivity reactions which could result in either widespread negative media exposure or costly court cases. Few humans appear to wish to be used for the experimental testing procedures necessary in order to assure government authorities of the potential safety of the product. Finally, attempts to use herbal and "natural" formulations without the addition of chemical ingredients, including toxic fungicides, introduces dangerous products to the market.

Such natural ingredients are only healthy when used in a fresh state.
The longer the product is in use, unrefrigerated, frequently contaminated by naturally oily fingers, and exposed to handbag, bathroom, and makeup counter environments - the greater potential there is for fungal and bacterial contamination and growth. The only "best" option is regulate your own individual lifestyle for a healthy skin and make your own formulations in small quantities from fresh common ingredients. That requires self-awareness, knowledge, self-esteem, self-direction, organization, and, self-responsibility. Obviously there is no capital gain in promoting these habits and skills.

1989 - By November 1,
Bill Volt, the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit colony manager, called Dan Dalgard, the consulting veterinarian.
Out of a shipment of 100 monkeys which had arrived about a month earlier, 2 had arrived dead and 29 more had died since. Most of the deaths had occurred in one of the 12 holding rooms. In all, there were about 500 monkeys in the Unit. Dalgard was busy and didn't reach the Unit until the following week.

1989 - In November,
An unexplained skyquake was reported over the Gulf Breeze area of Florida, U.S.A..
An area of swirled grass was found shortly afterwards, similar to a crop circle. Two months later, the same sequence of events would occur again. The measurements of the ground circles would match with those calculated for the base of the UFOs photographed by Ed Walters and others in the area (14-15 feet). They were quite unlike the ground circle found behind the Gulf Breeze High School in December, 1987. In that case, the grass appeared to have been subjected to a great amount of pressure which removed the chlorophyll from the grass, which died immediately.

1989 - On November 9,
Dan Dalgard, consulting veterinarian with the Corning subsidiary, "Hazelton Washington", visited the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit to investigate a possible disease outbreak reported a week earlier. In the primary holding room of concern, Room F, he found 2 monkeys with fevers, runny noses, and droopy eyelids. Overnight, they died.

The Unit manager, Bill Volt, dissected the animals in an attempt to determine the cause of death and was confused by the findings. He phoned Dalgard and requested that he inspect the corpses. He came over immediately that morning, November 10. Heat stress appeared a possibility. The Quarantine Unit had been overheated for weeks because the building thermostat was defective and the landlord had not yet repaired it. Unusually, the spleen had enlarged and there was blood in each of the animal's intestines. The possibility of a contagious agent began to be considered by Dalgard. He began to suspect simian haemorrhagic fever, SHF, a monkey virus not dangerous to humans. It can wipe out a monkey colony, though.

That evening, Dan returned to the Unit to check on the monkeys in Room F.
He found 3 more dead. He removed them and dissected them.
The symptoms of the dead past, present and near future monkeys would all be similar:
a swollen spleen, enlarged kidneys, sporadic occurrence of haemorrhage in a variety of organs, abrupt anorexia, lethargy. Otherwise, most of the animals were in prime health. Most peculiar, the spleens were enlarged, tough and dry. Usually, the spleen would be small, soft, and would ooze blood like a sponge when cut into. During November 12, Dalgard again checked the Unit, Room F, and found 3 more monkeys dead. This time, he took a spleen biopsy and a mucous throat swab from one of the dead monkeys, "O53", for later laboratory analysis.

1989 - On November 11 and 13,
Robert Lazar and his revelations about a secret "black" projects Department of Defense base located north of Las Vegas were aired on the evening news show of Las Vegas's KLAS-TV station. The outcome of a 1-1/2 year investigation conducted by reporter George Knapp, it brought the reality of the base, variously referred to as "Groom Lake", "Area 51", "S-4", and "Dreamland", into public view. One of the early uses of the base had been for Lockheed to develop the U-2 spyplane for the CIA, beginning in the mid-1950s. Lazar told Knapp that he had been hired by the Navy to study some classified technical papers on advanced propulsion systems, and related that he was alarmed to read about systems which were too advanced to be of human origin.

In his movements around the base, Lazar recounted how he was taken past a disc-like craft which he was instructed not to look at directly and which he later saw test fly quietly to hover a distance above the ground. Eventually he was allowed to view 8 other shapes of craft, all of which were disc-shaped yet had distinctive appearances. A glimpse inside one of the craft, possibly recovered, allowed him to see small crew seats, which he judged too small for human adults. He further discovered that the element 115, not yet publicly recognized in the Earth science community, played a major role in the development of gravity-harnessing technology. In addition, he noticed that at least one of the power sources for the crafts was "an Anti-matter reactor," something of which there was no published concept of.

For human inventions, it is usual that a great amount of time is spent in developing a humanly understandable working concept before attempting to test principles that must be confirmed before a prototype design is even attempted on paper. The only exception is when humans receive "divine inspiration" in an apparent flash of awareness which conveys information to them of which they have been totally unaware previously, and, which now appears relatively easy and straightforward to understand - as if they had been tutored while in a sleep-state of hypnosis, received the information by some form of mental telepathy or thought transfer, or were shown the process while in an altered state of consciousness and left with the expressed ability to remember only that part of the experience on awakening.

1989 - On November 13,
USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, was asked by Dan Dalgard to provide assistance in identifying the disease agent killing the monkeys at the Reston Quarantine Unit. Peter Jahrling, a civilian virologist, became Dalgard's contact. He agreed to inspect a sample which Dalgard would send to him. The next day, a sample of monkey O53's spleen and throat mucous arrived for Jahrling, wrapped with few precautions.

Jahrling took the samples to Level 3 containment and began inspecting them with a pathologist.
Later that day, frustrated with the hazardous manner in which the samples had been packaged and sent to him, he telephoned Dalgard and instructed him on how to pack any future specimens. Meanwhile, Joan Rhoderick, a civilian technician, prepared a culture of the specimens.

1989 - During November,
General Vladimir Kryuchkov, head of the KGB, speaking at anniversary celebrations of Lenin's 1917 Revolution declared:

"In military affairs, perestroika and modernization of Soviet technology under the new economic thinking and more open East-West trade will help increase the military might of our country ... Soviet disarmament proposals act as solvents to 'disarm' the military - industrial complex of NATO."

1989 - Late in the year,
Sister Dianna Ortiz, an American nun working in Guatemala, is kidnapped by 3 uniformed Guatemalan men.
She is gang-raped and burned more than 100 times with lit cigarettes.
The men then dropped her into a pit filled with dead bodies and live rats.
Suddenly, a man called Alejandro shouts in English: "Shit!"
Then, in American-accented Spanish, he told the 3 men: "Idiots, she's a North American!
Let her alone." He then helped her put on her clothes and took her to a gray Jeep, insisting all the while that it had been a case of mistaken identity. He promised to take her to a friend at the U.S. Embassy, but fearing for her life, Ortiz fled. The treatment of civilian women by the rebels and military at the time repeated the above incident with a fatal ending many times.

CIA paid "consultants" were introduced into the country to train the local peasant male to be ruthless, aggressive, authoritarian technicians of war. Using the usual marine-style psychological self-esteem robbing techniques, it was not unusual for some men, under the enthusiasm of their "advisors" to be degraded to a point that a submerged rage lay in wait for expression. Since reaction against the abusive commanding officers was not tolerated, it was sometimes expressed against the more helpless members of the society: civilians, including women. Taking peaceful men from a simple agricultural lifestyle, submersing them in a routine of humiliation and brutality and then removing them from their lovers for months at a time can do wonders to the human mind. Most of the results are neither surprising nor pleasant, and, after the war, none will ever be able to return to the degree of emotional freedom and spiritual strength which they held before. Was the price of political manipulation worth the cost to the social fabric and loss of human potential?

1989 - On November 15,
Bill Volt found Reston Quarantine Unit Room F had 8 more monkeys with symptoms of the fatal disease which had killed half the monkeys in the room. Late the next morning the anxious Dalgard received word from USAMRIID's Jahrling that the tentative diagnosis was SHF, harmless to humans, lethal to monkeys. Later that afternoon, on November 16, Dalgard and another veterinarian injected all the remaining monkeys in Room F with a lethal dose of anaesthetic. The disease had to be prevented from further spreading through the quarantine unit. The dead monkeys, including 8 dissected ones, were placed in clear plastic bags and placed in a Unit chest freezer for later disposal.

1989 -
A USA Government Census Report found computer use and ownership skyrocketing.
But use and ownership by African-Americans was almost negligible.
The report said that 26.9 million blacks - used computers at home.
Among children age 3 to 17, some 10.7 million white children used computers at home compared with 806,000 black children. In school, the number of children using computers rises significantly for both groups, but the gap is just as profound: 17.4 million white students but only 2.4 million black students.

The same report found that owning a computer was closely associated with household income (and education) levels: 47.5% of households with annual incomes of $75,000 or more owned computers; 4.8% of households with incomes of $15,000 or less owned them. Combine that with the fact that nearly 1/3rd of all black Americans lived in poverty in 1990, according to the census bureau (the government defines poverty as a 2-person household with an annual income $9,165 or less per year, or a 4-person household with an annual income of $13,924 or less).

1989 - On November 17,
Thomas Geisbert, an intern at USAMRIID specializing in the operation of the electron microscope exercised his curiosity and determined to look at the recently acquired samples which had come from the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit. Geisbert was an introspective person who had developed a compulsive workaholism. While his marriage was dissolving, his fascination with technology, viruses and solitary work habits had been growing.

In the Level 3 lab, he met Joan Rhoderick who expressed concern over the performance of the cultured samples of the Monkey O53 disease. Geisbert found that something was destroying the cells in the samples - puffing them up first with dark crystalline specks inside - and then exploding them. Geisbert, now also concerned, left the lab, scrubbed, spoke to Peter Jahrling, their senior, and returned with Peter to the lab. A possibility, and annoying occasional occurrence, is that a bacteria will contaminate the samples and kill the cells. When this happens, an odour is usually released to the air (rotting), whereas, if cells die from virus influence, there is no noticeable change in odour. There was no noticeable odour. Jahrling suggested that Geisbert examine the tissues under the electron microscope.

Geisbert prepared the sample for analysis: decanting, centrifuging, selection, and plastic resin encasement.
Geisbert was an avid outdoorsman, he had been planning a Thanksgiving deer hunting weekend with some buddies and it was Friday afternoon. He went home and packed. The sample would wait until after the weekend. Filovirus strains are highly fatal to humans and contagious in transmission: after exposure, 3 to 18 days incubation follows in the human; then the person gets a headache.

On the same day, Dan Dalgard had returned to the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit and found 5 more dead monkeys - in Room H. It was evident that the disease which had killed well over half the monkeys in Room F was spreading through the containment unit. What concerned him was how the disease was being transmitted and how it could be controlled.

1989 - On November 23,
The USA Discovery Space Shuttle was launched to carry the National Security Agency's (NSA) second "2.7 ton Magnum Signal Intelligence" GEO satellite for monitoring Soviet & Chinese voice and data transmissions.

1989 - On November 27,
Tom Geisbert, working the electron microscope at USAMRIID, to analyze sample slices from Reston Primate Quarantine Unit monkey O53, found a filovirus. The cells were not just dead, they had blown apart - and the cell was now crammed with worm-like virus. His experience encouraged him to rationalize that this was the similar-shaped Marburg virus. Electron microscopes provide the operator with the option of making photographs of the microscopic view. Geisbert made several and developed them.

Geisbert found that the virus had altered the structure of the cell with added crystal-like blocks of pure virus inclusion bodies. Geisbert showed the pictures to his senior, Peter Jahrling, who notified Colonel Clarence James Peters, MD.: chief of the disease assessment division at USAMRIID. Peters expressed scepticism yet confirmed that Jahrling was arranging to test the samples for Marburg and Ebola. Secretly, Geisbert and Jahrling included a sample of their own blood for testing: they had sniffed the samples days before.

Late on November 28, after extensive procedures to test the samples, Jahrling came up with the results that indicated that the Reston virus was neither Marburg, nor Ebola Sudan; it was Ebola Zaire! That virus had a fatality ratio of 9 out of 10 infected humans.

Colonel Peters was informed and he introduced the findings to Colonel David Huxsoll, commander of USAMRIID: there was an Ebola-like filovirus in a bunch of monkeys outside of Washington, D.C., the capital. Lt. Colonel Nancy Jaax, the Institute's chief of pathology was informed. A meeting was called at the office of Major General Philip K. Russell, MD, commander of the United States Army Medical Research and Development Command. At the meeting it was agreed that a national emergency loomed before them.

There was evidence that the virus could travel through the air: Nancy Jaax's incident in 1983.
In 1986, monkeys had been infected in an experiment which had the test monkeys exposed to the virus in aerosol form. ALL of the monkeys so exposed to Ebola had died. None of the results had been published. Jahlring continued to rationalize that he hadn't really "inhaled" the virus, and kept silent about the incident with he and Geisbert. Options for control were limited to biocontainment. There still were no vaccines or drugs which could counter its progression. Jaax had never seen a monkey survive an Ebola strain; it was also a species jumper: it could mutate and quickly infect other species.

No strategy for coping with a Level 4 biohazard in North America had yet been formulated and instituted for the USA. A clear definition of which officials to contact in such an incident was lacking. Colonel Peters contacted his friend and one of the original founders of the Ebola virus Frederick A. Murphy, now director of the National Center for Infectious Diseases. From there, the group were charged with alerting the State and County authorities, the US Dept. of Agriculture, the EPA, Dalgard, ....

1989 - On November 29,
Colonel C.J. Peters of USAMRIID contacted Dan Dalgard and received permission for himself and Nancy Jaax to visit the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit and inspect several samples for infection. They confirmed their earlier diagnosis of a suspected Ebola. For security and legal reasons, the officers requested that Bill Volt package several samples in plastic and deliver them at a distance from the facility. They were concerned when he later showed up with 7 complete monkeys double-bagged in garbage bags. They had died the night before. With Jaax rationalizing that the law did not permit her to transport the infected bodies, the Colonel drove the load to Fort Detrick.

Later that afternoon, Lt. Colonel Nancy Jaax and Lt. Colonel Ron Trotter donned their UDAMRIID Level 4 space suits performed an autopsy on one of the 7 monkeys from Rexton. Jaax found the spleen enlarged and tough; very little bleeding into any of the organs or thoracic cavity; a ring of bleeding spots between the stomach and the small intestine;

Meanwhile, a meeting of the Army USAMRIID Fort Detrick senior personnel (Colonel Clarence James Peters, MD and Peter Jahrling), Centers for Disease Control (CDC) representatives from Atlanta, Georgia (Major General Philip K. Russell, MD, Dr. Joseph B. McCormack and Frederick A. Murphy), and the Reston veterinarian (Dan Dalgard) was being conducted in the Fort Detrick headquarters boardroom. Political dynamics were sensitive making teamwork difficult. Only McCormack had seen and treated human casualties of Ebola. He knew it and he was confident of his expertise. Competition for authority existed between the Army and the CDC regarding who would take control for the resolution of the incident.

When Peters suggested that it could take a week for tests to confirm whether a sample had the virus in it, McCormack revealed that he had a quick test for Ebola that would provide confirmation in 12 hours. In the final analysis, the Army had 7 dead primate samples, was growing the virus in cultures and had two Lt. Colonels in a Level 4 laboratory running tests. General Russell suggested a compromise. He and Murphy set out how the CDC would manage the human health aspects of the outbreak and would direct the care of any human patients; the Army would be responsible for the monkeys and the monkey house focus of the outbreak. Now each group could organize their "Mission".

Colonel Peters determined that the monkeys would have to be killed and removed from the Hazelton Monkey House (also known as the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit) under Level 4 biohazard conditions (the use of Tyvek self-contained 'space suits'). He placed Lt. Colonel Nancy Jaax in charge of the mission. Soldiers and civilian personnel were to be assembled in 24 hours. Gene Johnson, who had conducted the Kitum Cave project in the Spring of 1988 - and who had kept the tons of equipment assembled, now readied to reassemble the gear for use at Reston. Had he not done so, enabled by the sloppy administration of the bureaucracy, acquiring the required equipment could have taken almost a week. Nancy Jaax completed her analysis late in the day: it indicated the presence of either or both of Ebola and SHF virus in all 7 of the monkey specimens. Which, was the anxious question.

1989 - On the morning of November 30,
An Army Insertion Team was organized by Colonel Jerry Jaax, under the authorization of Colonel Peters.
Essentially, the Fort Detrick, Maryland commissioned officers were gathered together and asked if they wanted to go to Reston: to 'play' in the mission. They would make an "insertion" (entrance) into the monkey house, kill all of the monkeys, and, bring back samples - all while dressed in Tyvek suits and operating under Level 4 biocontainment procedures. They would leave the next morning. The core members of the team would include Major Nathaniel Powell, Captain Mark Haines, Captain Steven Denny, Sergeant Curtis Klages, Sergeant Thomas Amen, and, a civilian animal caretaker, Merhl Gibson.

Sergeant Klages and Gene Johnson drove down to Reston to take a quick recon of the location that would help them build a strategy for the next day. On arrival they went in the front door and immediately noticed a stench of monkey excrement, urine and blood. The handlers had stopped cleaning the cages after receiving a warning not to enter the quarantine rooms more than once a day nor have any unprotected contact with the monkeys or their byproducts. Received by Bill Volt, Klages and Johnson were afraid to touch anything, suspecting that the whole building was "hot" with virus. They tried not to breathe much of the air in the building.

When the two had a general floorplan of the Unit, Gene asked the monkey attendants to seal off the back part of the building which had Room H in it: the room in which most of the monkeys had died. The door leading to the back monkey rooms was taped closed. Media had begun to gather outside. The Army was still trying to keep public awareness of the situation nil. Gene expected that the team would enter by way of some vacant side offices, proceed towards the back of the building, enter a storeroom, put on their 'space suits', and then proceed down a corridor to the quarantine rooms concerned. All of the action would take place away from the cameras and with the best safety possible afforded to the team.

Radio reports earlier that morning in the Reston area had alerted residents, including the lab workers for the Hazelton offices, that there was a possibility of an Ebola outbreak and that the Ebola virus had "killed hundreds of thousands of people in Africa." Many of the workers were near panic when Lt Colonel Nancy Jaax, Colonel C.J. Peters and Joe McCormack arrived at the offices. With rational good intentions, McCormack tried to calm their fears by describing his experiences in southern Sudan. The problem was that the near panic women had to wait until the end of a lengthy description for the punchline: McCormack believed that Ebola was not easily transferred; he had survived. His attempts only made the lab workers more uneasy with his description of the dying victims. One woman got to the point stating that she didn't care what anyone's qualifications were - was she going to get sick and die? Jaax asked several straight-forward questions about whether anyone had experienced any accidents with the lab equipment while running their tests. None had. She said they would all be OK then. Dalgard then took the three visitors over to the Quarantine Unit.

On arrival, Jaax noticed that there were no respirators in use or available, despite an earlier request from Dalgard for each to be wearing one inside the building. Most of the remaining live monkeys appeared sick. Jaax took shallow breaths, stood back away from the cages and was careful not to stare at them for fear that an aggressive response might result in spitting - which could easily land in ones eyes - and infect a person. She also noticed that the canines of the monkeys had not been filed down as they usually were. Monkeys have 5 prehensile (grabbing) limbs (including the tail); they run very fast; they can jump long distances; they defend themselves by sitting on your chest, tail around your neck, slashing your face with their canines. Generally, in hand-to-hand combat, humans are no match for scared monkeys. Mistakes in this operation could be very costly.

1989 - On December 1,
A Front Page Story blazed across the front of "The Washington Post" newspaper:
"Deadly Ebola Virus Found in Va. Laboratory Monkey."
A 50% to 90% mortality rate and the fact that it was highly contagious and that no known vaccine existed - offered little solace with the additional information that the authorities were working on the problem and that Colonel Peters was quoted belittling the concern. American were becoming accustomed to disbelieving authorities who appeared to be communicating with them as if they were children. A major military biohazard operation was about to occur near the USA capital and an ignorant public would best remain ignorant to avoid panic. Had there been civilian awareness beforehand (to prevent over-dramatization, gossip-generated myths, hysteria-promoted disinformation), a formulated civilian plan (which uneducated African tribal chiefs had), and a demonstrated ability to detect and cope effectively with suspected similar incidents - the outcome would have proceeded much more smoothly and constructively.

Early that morning, a line of unmarked vehicles, containing soldiers in civilian clothing, a Level 4 biocontainment ambulance, and a supply van - set out from Fort Detrick. Arriving at the Quarantine Unit, the unmarked ambulance and supply vehicles were driven close to the back of the building. A daycare centre was in operation next door.

Colonel Jerry Jaax and former Green Beret, Captain Mark Haines - were the first to put on surgical scrub suits with Racal field biological suits over them. When the two stepped out of the storage room into the "airlock" corridor to the monkey rooms, there were no lights on and neither had brought or had flashlights! The thermostats in the building still had not been repaired such that the monkey rooms were exceedingly hot. As the two left the dark corridor and entered another corridor which led past the back monkey rooms they almost ran into two Hazelton workers with respirators who had entered by an entrance unknown to the team. Eventually, with the assistance of Dan Dalgard in a respirator, who had been waiting in a front office for their arrival, Jerry and Mark surveyed the monkeys in all of the rooms. They began to suspect that the whole building was highly contaminated. Monkeys in each room appeared to be sick.

Team participants continued to suit up and go down the corridors until Room H was filled with ballooning suits in a state of confusion. The first and more sick monkeys to be killed were multiply bagged and boxed and deconned with bleach spray. Then they were loaded in a refrigerator truck and taken back to Fort Detrick by Nancy Jaax and a driver. Back at USAMRIID, Jaax and Trotter would work in Level 4 until 1:00 A.M. checking the 4 monkey corpses for Ebola indicators: they would find many. The intestinal tissue cells had died and begun to decay as if the animal had been dead for 3 or 4 days. Massive blood clotting in the intestinal muscles had cut off blood circulation to the area, while uncoagulated blood had collected in the intestine from separations of organ and other tissues. Within hours after leaving Reston, some of the monkey corpses had practically liquified under the influence of the spreading virus.

The remainder of the team set to anaesthetizing the remaining 65 animals in "Room H".
Blood samples were taken and then each was given an injection of T-61, a fatal poison.
Then, the corpses were cut open and samples of liver and spleen were taken and placed in plastic bottles.
Then, the remains were bagged and boxed and placed in the corridor.
Lastly, the team decontaminated in pairs, dressed, and left the building.

1989 - A December USSR Budget Report
Indicated that 2/3rds of all launches of satellites supported defence objectives.
Around 80-100 satellites operate daily to supply information to the Communist countries.
Soviet "civil" satellites, like those in the West, have the potential for supporting military operations in times of crisis. All meteorological data for military, government and civilian needs is supplied by the USSR Meteor weather satellites. In addition, 40% of the 1989 military space budget was estimated to be recouped by savings in the military communications programme alone.

The MIR spacestation, while promoted as entirely for peaceful purposes, nevertheless has been used to conduct military applications of remote sensing, oceanography, meteorology and geodesy. Astronomical observations can provide data useful for the maintaining the orientation of certain equipment to an accuracy of a few arc-seconds, a capability needed to aim directed-energy weapons. Space programmes for military purposes are expected to enhance the combat effectiveness of a nation's armed forces by 150 to 200%, that is killing and destructive power effectiveness.

The ability to rendezvous and manually dock with uncooperative spacecraft, available since the late 1960s, now makes use of a laser rangefinder, a night vision device, and an optical sight - all of which have military applications. While the procedure can be used to rescue stranded astronauts, it can also be used to disable enemy satellites.

1989 - On December 4,
Milton Frantig, a monkey caretaker at the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit, left the Unit early in the morning.
He still had a white Tyvek protective suit on and as Dan Dalgard pulled into the parking lot, Frantig was standing bent over, hand on his knees, vomiting and retching. Frantig had been working at Hazelton for more than 25 years. As Frantig had been preparing to feed the monkeys he had suddenly become ill. Unable to find a bucket, he had rushed outside. Now, Dalgard could not find a thermometer to check Frantig's temperature. Dalgard sent Volt to buy one and on his return it was determined that Frantig had an elevated temperature. Dalgard was very concerned. Two of his four workers were now ill. Another, had experienced a heart attack on November 29th and was still in the hospital. Dalgard drove quickly to the Hazelton head office and recommended that the monkey facility be evacuated immediately.

Officials from the CDC were waiting in Dalgard's office and he briefed them on Frantig's condition, his concerns, and his recommendation of closing down the monkey house and turning it over to USAMRIID. The CDC agreed with Dalgard's decisions, but specified that they wanted Frantig sent to Fairfax Hospital, inside the Washington Beltway.

Dalgard next notified Colonel Peters of USAMRIID that the Army could now take responsibility for the monkey facility and that the CDC were moving Frantig to Fairfax. Peters was concerned about the possibility of a spread of Ebola within the hospital and contacted Joe McCormack at the CDC. Peters stressed that he could place Frantig in an Army biocontainment pod, transport him by Army ambulance to Fort Detrick and treat him in the Level 4 containment hospital at USAMRIID. McCormick declined the offer.

With all of the confusion, arrival of Army personnel, sight of the Tyvek suits, requirement to wear respirators, loss of 2 personnel, media descriptions, local gossip and the ambulance fleeing with the media in pursuit - the remaining workers locked the Quarantine Unit with the remaining 450 monkeys inside and left.

Later that day, Colonel Peters and General Russell signed a letter to Dalgard and Hazelton taking over control of the Quarantine Unit. Colonel Jerry Jaax was placed in charge of organizing a much larger second team. This time they would be killing 450 monkeys, not 69. The Army 91-T animal-care technicians were assembled, briefed, and selected for duty beginning the next morning. Their training in the use of the Tyvek suits and in biohazard situations was nil.

That evening, out of concern for the 91-T volunteers, Gene Johnson went through the motions at his home that he expected would be required at the monkey house. Noting each movement, any dangers in getting a suit tear or puncture, and the best position for an assistant to be at - he wrote out many pages of procedure that would be applicable in any biohazard operation.

1989 - On December 5,
A Second Biohazard Team gathered at USAMRIID and headed for the Hazelton Monkey House in Reston.
Colonel Jerry Jaax and Sergeant Thomas Amen entered first.
They found monkeys in every room with apparent symptoms of Ebola.
The monkeys not having had their cages cleaned for a time and hungry - had trashed the rooms from within their cages. First, Jaax and Amen fed the monkeys to calm them.

Meanwhile, the male and female privates were being prepared and suiting up.
When ready, Captain Mark Haines gave an orientation and motivational speech - then entered the building. Suiting up was aggravated by the bitter cold outside and the sweltering heat inside the building. Each soldier had to strip naked, in a truck outside, put on a surgical scrub suit, socks, sneakers, and a hair cap - and then run into the building where they would be helped into a Tyvek "spacesuit."

The suits were not sized according to the volunteers and some who were small ended up in extra-large sized suits: a hazard. The first team officers organized themselves and the privates into an assembly line to make the operation more efficient. This was not pre-planned. It was done on the spot. There was an anaesthetizing team, a bleed team, a euthanasia team, and a necropsy (opening the corpse for tissue samples) team. Sometimes, an officer might change with a private and let him or her do the injecting or cutting. Radio contact was maintained with Gene Johnson outside the building by way of military frequency radios.

Late in the afternoon, Rhonda Williams, a specialist, experienced trouble with her blower; she didn't have a spare battery, nor did anyone else. Her suit deflated before she could get out and monkey house air started to seep into her suit. Jerry radioed outside for another battery. Nearer, a soldier brought one in. Rhonda was tired and anxious about the air failure. A private, Charlotte Godwin looked tired. Jerry sent both outside for a rest.

At the decon station, a sergeant sprayed both women's suits with bleach.
He noticed that Rhonda had a hole in her suit, asked her about it, and tapped it.
With the heat in the building and the exertion of the work, everyone's scrub suit, socks, and cap were soaked with sweat. That made it difficult to become aware of any liquid seeping into the suit. Meanwhile, a TV van had arrived outside. Gene was trying to limit the publicity so he asked the women to rush out to the van, change clothes, keep out of sight and say nothing.

The two women rushed out to the van to change into their dry clothes.
They couldn't find them! They rolled up in overcoats to keep warm.
Eventually the media van left, unaware of the Operation being carried out in the building and uninterested in the 2 unmarked vehicles at the rear of the building. Now Rhonda and Charlotte dressed. Not having used a bathroom all day, they rushed off to a nearby wooded area behind the building to do so. There they found hypodermic syringes with needles attached to them. They had been used. Reported, the syringes were picked up by some of the safety personnel.

1989 - By December 6,
The "Rapid Elisa Test" had been developed by Thomas Ksiazek working in the Level 4 lab at the USAMRIID.
It would quickly test blood and urine samples for the presence of Ebola virus.
Samples from Milton Frantig, who had been working at the Hazelton Monkey House in Reston came out negative.

The second day of the USAMRIID cleanout of the Quarantine Unit, someone had finally remembered to bring a floodlight for the dark interior corridor which connected the staging area storeroom with the monkey room hallways. About mid-morning a commotion occurred in Room C and a monkey escaped into the hallway. It ran into a makeshift rest area and under the legs of specialist Rhonda Williams, who was seated in her Tyvek suit. The frightened monkey then ran back into Room C and over the cages of the one other scared monkeys remaining. They became angry at his behaviour and bit at his feet, making them bleed and resulting in blood smears throughout the room. The situation was now one of maximum hazard.

Colonel Jerry Jaax and Sergeant Amen entered the room with a net and the injection pole amidst 100 hysterical screaming monkeys. The light was dim; their suit faceplates were steamed. Repeatedly, Jaax would near the monkey and it would suddenly leap up to 12 feet through the air over him. Outclassed in this environment, Jaax decided to leave the escaped monkey and Room C overnight for the terror in the monkeys to die down.

With the boredom of the assembly line routine, some of the privates complained that they should be given more responsibility. They were allowed to temporarily and occasionally exchange positions with the officers. The major tasks had potential shock value. If an anesthetized monkey began to wake up too early, it would be a strong foe for the person taking a blood sample. If the death injection hit the intended target, the heart, a spurt of blood would follow the removal of the hypodermic; if it missed, a death reflex from the animal could result in the eyes moving and the body arching as if preparing to struggle. Specialist Williams was eventually moved to the bleed table.

Williams was beginning to take a blood sample from one of the monkeys when it began coming out of its anaesthetic. Its eyes moved, it tried to sit up, - it reached out and grabbed her by the hand holding the syringe. The needle was pulled out of the thigh and Williams suited hand was being pulled toward the monkey's mouth. Williams yelled for help and tried to contain a haemorrhage building under the monkey's skin at the point of the injection. In time, a soldier ran up and stuck the monkey with a double dose of ketamine. Later, Rhonda Williams was in the main corridor of the monkey house when she say a monkey coming down the hall toward her. It had a hypodermic needle in its hand. It was running. She turned and ran - but neither far enough or fast enough. The monkey caught up to her and plunged the needle through her suit.

Late on the afternoon of December 7, the last monkey in the Quarantine Unit was caught, bled and killed. It was the free one. After hours of chase, it had become jammed in a crack behind a cage - long enough to get a massive dose of ketamine through its tail. On orders from Gene Johnson, outside, Sergeant Klages searched the building for any remaining monkeys. He found none - except in a storage room chest freezer. There he found 10 to 15 frozen monkeys. They had been some of the first Ebola hit animals from Room F. Frozen into shapes which prevented their packaging into the biohazard boxes, they were left in the hallway overnight to thaw. By days end, the team had collected 3500 blood samples for the USAMRIID lab.

As the soldiers came out of the building, the decon team entered.
Led by Merhl Gibson, it tried to wash everything down with bleach.
Some blood and stool were caked on the walls like cement.
It would take hard work and putty knives and steel spatulas the next day to complete the job.
At this point, no one in the Mission yet knew of the source of the diseased monkeys nor why no humans had acquired it after Mayinga's blood had reacted to it.

1989 - In the winter,
The Antarctic ozone hole was the largest ever recorded.
The hole covered an area two and a half times the size of Canada, one of the largest Earth nations.
Within that area, 45% of the ozone was gone.

1989 - By December 18,
The Initial Decontamination of the Reston Primate Quarantine Unit with bleach had been completed.
Next the building was sealed. Patches of paper saturated with Bacillus subtilis niger were spread throughout the building. Harmless to humans, the spore was known to be hard to kill; it was used as an indicator of the effectiveness of the next stage: gas decontamination. Sunbeam electric fry pans (39) were placed throughout the building, connected to a central electrical cable which was hooked to a master switch. A handful of white crystals was dropped into each pan, the pan thermostat was turned to high, and the switch was engaged. Formaldehyde gas boiled into the air: the same gas that seeps out of permanent press and dry cleaned clothing and out of most carpeting. After 3 days of gassing, nothing tested alive in the Reston building. The virus had looked like Ebola but not acted exactly like Ebola. It had come from a region half way around the Earth from the earlier founding of Ebola.

1989 - On December 24 or 25,
About 48 km south of the centre of Chelyabinsk, U.S.S.R., Vladimir Kuzmin, a jet pilot instructor, was flying alone in an L-29 at an altitude of 8,000 metres. While making some acrobatic maneuvers, he noticed a yellow-white cigar-shaped object to the north of him at an estimated distance of 18-25 km and an estimated altitude of 7,500 metres. It subtended an angle of about 5 degrees arc and remained stationary and horizontal. After performing a vertical loop where he could once again observe its direction, it had disappeared from view. He radioed to the air controller at the local airfield but they had nothing on radar except his own plane.

He had looked at the object for a total of 4 minutes or less.
Some time after he landed, he noticed that his exposed facial region was covered with a thick crust which was sensitive (but not painful) to the touch. It was similar to a skin scald and was red. This gradually subsided and was gone after about 10 to 12 days. No nausea or other physiological effects were noted after the sighting. He did not report the incident to the authorities. He had previously shared a sighting in the autumn of 1979.

1989 -
A marine conference held in Halifax, Nova Scotia, estimated that 5,000,000 plastic containers are thrown into the oceans every day.
Earlier in the year, in April, the residents of a small Nova Scotia village awoke one morning to find on the beaches a wall 1 meter (3 feet) wide and 8 kilometres (5 miles) long, composed of every type of plastic product known and disposed of by humanity, from washbasins to oil containers, disposable lighters, and children's toys.

1989 - By the end of the year,
The impact of the automobile on the North American ecology was evident.
Parking a car at home, the office, and the shopping mall required on average 372 square meters (4000 square feet) of asphalt. More than 155,388 square kilometres (60,000 square miles) of land in the United States had been paved over: that is, about 2% of the total surface area, or, 10% of all arable land. Worldwide, at least 1/3rd of an average city's land was devoted to roads, parking lots, and other automobile-related elements. In American cities, close to half of all the urban space went to accommodate the automobile; in Los Angeles, the figure approached 2/3rds.

The use of cars had allowed humans to deny the pollution of the factories they built by locating their homes apart from areas of industry. Doing so contributed more pollution in both the factory and housing areas as well as between. Humans had used cars to enable them to become more specialized in their work duties and more interdependent. Most Americans were not self-sufficient in their food production; many did not produce any food. By the use of vehicles - tractors, combines, trucks - farm production rates had increased remarkably. Access to surplus foodstuffs through vehicle distribution to local retail centres, accessible by vehicles made it all possible for the average consumer.

1989 -
In an Environics forecast of Canadian attitudes for the 1990s based on public surveys, the following was concluded:

"Our surveys indicate that Canadians will continue to structure much of their lives around the pursuit of personal happiness and the enjoyment of an unashamedly materialistic lifestyle. The actual expression of these hedonistic tendencies is at present being tempered by the current economic slowdown, but the values of the 'me' generation will continue to have an overwhelming influence on the decisions Canadians make throughout the 1990s."